The relationship between light-saturated photosynthetic capacity
(Pmax) and leaf nitrogen (N) content was investigated for one year in a 15-year-old Chamaecyparis obtusa canopy and was compared with a Cryptomeria japonica canopy previously described. The linear regression between P max and leaf N content tended to converge toward a single line segment from July to January and in May for C. obtusa. The slope of the linear regression between Pmax and leaf N content of C. obtusa was gentler than that of C. japonica. The smaller regression coefficient of C. obtusa may reflect species differences in nitrogen nutrition requirements between C. obtusa and C. japonica. A pronounced decrease in the slope of the linear regression lines due to low temperature was observed in February and March. During this period, P max of C. obtusa declined more than that of C. japonica suggesting that C. obtusa is less tolerant to low temperatures than C. japonica., H. Kobayashi, S. Inoue, and K. Gyokusen., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Cíle: Pseudoaneurysma intrarenálních arterií (RAP) může představovat život ohrožující komplikaci, k níž může dojít po parciální resekci ledviny. Autoři hodnotí incidenci RAP, u něhož zatím nedošlo k ruptuře (detekováno pomocí trojrozměrné CT angiografie – CTA), časně po minimálně invazivní parciální resekci ledviny (včetně laparoskopické a robotické operace). Dále hodnotí možnost využití nefrometrického skóre při predikci vzniku RAP. Metody: V období od února 2012 do listopadu 2013 podstoupilo 101 pacientů s renálními tumory minimálně invazivní parciální resekci ledviny. Tři až čtyři dny po operaci byla provedena CTA a radiologové (zaslepeně) diagnostikovali RAP. Pomocí logistického regresního modelu analyzovali autoři faktory, které mohou potenciálně ovlivňovat vznik RAP. Výsledky: Míra incidence RAP časně po minimálně invazivní parciální resekci (MIPR) byla nečekaně vysoká – 21,7 % (detekováno pomocí CTA). U pacientů s RAP byl přítomen signifikantně větší tumor (p = 0,02) a významně vyšší skóre parametru N indikující blízkost tumoru k renálnímu sinu (p = 0,01) než u pacientů, u nichž nedošlo ke vzniku RAP. Multivariátní analýza však prokázala, že ani celkové nefrometrické skóre ani hodnota jednotlivých komponent neměly významný vliv na vznik RAP. Velikost tumoru představovala jediný významný nezávislý prediktor vzniku RAP po minimálně invazivní resekci ledviny. Závěr: Parametr N nefrometrického skóre představuje významný prediktor vzniku RAP podle univariátní analýzy, nikoli však podle multivariátní analýzy. Komponentu N nefrometrického skóre tedy lze považovat za jeden z faktorů užitečných pro predikci vzniku RAP., Objectives: Renal artery pseudoaneurysm (RAP) can be a life threatening complication after partial nephrectomy. We investigated the incidence of unruptured RAP detected by 3-dimensional computed tomography arteriography (CTA) in the early period after minimally invasive partial nephrectomy (MIPN), including laparoscopic and robotic partial nephrectomy. We also examined the usefulness of nephrometry scoring system to predict the occurrence of RAP. Methods: From February 2012 to November 2013, 101 patients underwent MIPN for renal masses. CTA was performed 3–4 days after surgery, and the radiologists made a diagnosis of RAP in the blinded manner. The factors influencing the occurrence of RAP were analyzed with the logistic regression model. Results: The incidence of RAP was unexpectedly high at 21.7% when detected by CTA in the early period after MIPN. The RAP group showed a significantly larger tumor size (p = 0.02) and a significantly higher N component score (p = 0.01) compared to the No-RAP group. However, Neither the sum of nephrometry score nor each component showed significant influence on the occurrence of RAP according to the multivariate analysis. Tumor size was the only significant independent factor to predict the occurrence of RAP after MIPN. Conclusions: The N component of the nephrometry scoring system is a significant predictor for RAP by the univariate analysis, but not by the multivariate analysis. The N component of the nephrometry scoring system may be referred to as one of the factors predicting the occurrence RAP., and Kondo T., Omae K., Takagi T., Morita S., Hashimoto Y., Kobayashi H., Iizuka J., Yoshida K., Tanabe K.
Spatial and temporal variations in light-saturated photosynthetic capacity and needle nitrogen (N) content were investigated in one
8 m tall Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) canopy for a full year. The photosynthetic capacity and needle N content in various layers of the canopy were measured every month. Temporal variations in photosynthetic capacity and needle N content expressed on a projected-area basis (Parea, Narea) were similar. Furthermore, both Parea and Narea decreased with increasing depth from the top of the canopy on each sampling date. As a consequence, a significant correlation was observed between Narea and Parea. Temporal variations in photosynthetic capacity and needle N content expressed on a mass basis (Pmass, Nmass) were also similar. Pmass also decreased with increasing canopy depth. However, in contrast to Narea, there was only a slight decrease in Nmass with increasing canopy depth. Hence, the correlation between Nmass and Pmass was lower than the projected-area value. Because Narea was highly correlated with the needle mass per projected-area (NMA), the spatial variation in Narea (and therefore Parea) in the canopy is attributed to the variation in NMA, which decreases as the depth from the top of the canopy increases. Furthermore, the slope of the linear regression between Narea and NMA differed between sampling dates, indicating that the temporal variations in Narea (and therefore Parea) are strongly influenced by Nmass. For most of the sampling dates, a linear regression between Narea and Parea tends to converge into a single line segment. However, on several sampling dates, there was a pronounced decline in Parea below this line segment. This reduction in Parea, which does not accompany a reduction in Narea, seems to be attributable to stomatal limitations induced by the low soil temperature in winter and early spring. and H. Kobayashi, S. Inoue, K. Gyokusen