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Start Over Subject odvykání kouření

1. Biorezonance v léčbě kouření

Creator:
Šikolová, Veronika
Format:
braille, text, and regular print
Type:
model:article, article, Text, přehledy, and TEXT
Subject:
kouření--škodlivé účinky, odvykání kouření--metody, záření, podvod, lidé, komplementární terapie, odvykání kouření, biorezonance, and alternativní metody
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
Veronika Šikolová and Literatura 17
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

2. Higher levels of salivary α-amylase predict failure of cessation efforts in male smokers

Creator:
Michaela Dušková, Kateřina Šimůnková, Martin Hill, Hruškovičová, H., Petra Hoskovcová, Eva Králíková, and Luboslav Stárka
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, predikce, odvykání kouření, stres (fyziologie), prediction, smoking cessation, stress (physiology), salivary α-amylase, salivary cortisol, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The ability to predict the success or failure of smoking cessation efforts will be useful for clinical practice. Stress response is regulated by two primary neuroendocrine systems. Salivary cortisol has been used as a marker for the hypothalamuspituitary- adrenocortical axis and salivary α-amylase as a marker for the sympathetic adrenomedullary system. We studied 62 chronic smokers (34 women and 28 men with an average age of 45.2±12.9 years). The levels of salivary cortisol and salivary α-amylase were measured during the period of active smoking, and 6 weeks and 24 weeks after quitting. We analyzed the men separately from the women. The men who were unsuccessful in cessation showed significantly higher levels of salivary α-amylase over the entire course of the cessation attempt. Before stopping smoking, salivary cortisol levels were higher among the men who were unsuccessful in smoking cessation. After quitting, there were no differences between this group and the men who were successful in cessation. In women we found no differences between groups of successful and unsuccessful ex-smokers during cessation. In conclusions, increased levels of salivary α-amylase before and during smoking cessation may predict failure to quit in men. On the other hand, no advantage was found in predicting the failure to quit in women. The results of our study support previously described gender differences in smoking cessation., M. Dušková ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

3. Karcinom močového měchýře a kouření – přehledový článek

Creator:
Vařechová, Kateřina, Janoutová, Jitka, and Janout, Vladimír
Format:
print, text, and regular print
Type:
model:article, article, Text, přehledy, and TEXT
Subject:
lidé, nádory močového měchýře--epidemiologie--etiologie--chemicky indukované--mortalita, kouření--prevence a kontrola--škodlivé účinky, odvykání kouření, znečištění tabákovým kouřem--škodlivé účinky, and rizikové faktory
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
Karcinom močového měchýře patří mezi nádorová onemocnění, jejichž incidence celosvětově narůstá, avšak mortalita zůstává relativně stabilní. V etiopatogenezi karcinomu močového měchýře se uplatňuje celá řada rizikových faktorů. Nejvýznamnějším rizikovým faktorem je kouření cigaret. Odhaduje se, že až 50 % všech karcinomů močového měchýře u mužů a 23 % u žen přímo souvisí s kouřením cigaret. Z tohoto hlediska je v současnosti zdůrazňována i role urologa, který může pacien­tům pomoci zanechat kouření. Jeho role by měla spočívat především v edukaci pacienta o urologických onemocněních, která jsou spojována s užíváním tabáku, a ve vysvětlení souvislosti mezi kouřením cigaret a jeho negativním dopadem na zdraví. Cílem následujícího textu je popis významu karcinomu močového měchýře a poskytnutí základního přehledu o kouření a jeho roli v etiopatogenezi tohoto nádorového onemocnění., Bladder cancer belongs to the group of malignant diseases which incidence rates rise worldwide, how­ever mortality remains relatively stable. A number of risk factors play role in the etiopathogenesis of bladder cancer. Cigarette smoking is the most significant risk factor for bladder cancer. It is estimated that bladder cancer is directly linked with cigarette smoking in 50% men and 23% women. Thus the role of the urologist is currently emphasized, who can help patients to stop smoking. His role should lie primarily in educating patients about urological diseases, which are associated with tobacco use and explaining the link between cigarette smoking and its negative impact on health. The aim of the following review is to describe the significance of bladder cancer and to provide a basic overview about smoking and its role in the pathogenesis of this malignant disease., and Vařechová K., Janoutová J., Janout V.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

5. The steroid spectrum during and after quitting smoking

Creator:
Jandikova, H., Michaela Dušková, Kateřina Šimůnková, Racz, B., Hill, M., Eva Králíková, Karel Vondra, and Luboslav Stárka
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, muži, odvykání kouření, predikce, testosteron, men, smoking cessation, prediction, testosterone, SHBG, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Addiction to tobacco results in an imbalance of endocrine homeostasis in both sexes. This can also have impacts on fertility problems. The male reproductive system is less susceptible than that of females, with a worsening spermiogram in smokers, the most cited effect in the literature. However, the literature is inconsistent as to the effects of smoking on steroid hormone levels in men, and there is very little data on the effects of quitting smoking in men. In this study we followed 76 men before quitting smoking, and then after 6, 12, and 24 weeks and 1 year of abstinence. We measured basic anthropomorphic data and steroid hormone levels along with steroid neuroactive metabolites using GC-MS. We demonstrate lower androgen levels in men who smoke, and these changes worsened after quitting smoking. There was a drop in SHBG already in the first week of non-smoking, and levels continued to remain low. Male smokers have lower androgen levels compared to non-smokers. The lower the initial level of androgen, the lower the likelihood of success in quitting smoking. Changes in steroid hormones proved to be a promising marker for the prediction of success in quitting smoking., H. Jandikova, M. Duskova, K. Simunkova, B. Racz, M. Hill, E. Kralikova, K. Vondra, L. Starka., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

6. Tobacco dependence, the most important cardiovascular risk factor: treatment in the Czech Republic

Creator:
Králíková, E., Alexandra Pánková, Lenka Štěpánková, Zvolská, K., Vladislava Felbrová, Stanislava Kulovaná, Zbyněk Bortlíček, Mojmír Blaha, and Fraser, K.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, odvykání kouření, smoking cessation, tobacco dependence, cardiovascular risk, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Smoking is the most important cardiovascular (CV) risk factor. Stopping smoking halves the CV risk. Every clinician should provide a brief intervention with smokers. Intensive treatment should be available to those who need it. There are 37 Centers for Tobacco Dependence in the Czech Republic, which offer treatment including a psychobehavioral intervention and pharmacotherapy (varenicline, nicotine, bupropion). Czech physicians, pharmacists and nurses are regularly educated about smoking cessation. We describe the results of intensive treatment offered by our centers. Treatment includes screening (1 h), an intervention (2 h), and follow-up visits during the next 12 months. Among 3532 patients, 34.3 % had CO-validated abstinence at 12-months (including 489 patients who attended the screening visit + only the 12-month follow up visit). Among patients who underwent the intervention, the abstinence rate was 38.2 %. The majority of patients who underwent the intervention (N=2470) used some form of pharmacotherapy. After one year, the abstinence rate was 43.4 %, compared to 15.9 % (N=573) without pharmacotherapy. Only 28 % of patients came on the recommendation of a physician. Despite the decrease in CV risk following smoking cessation and the effectiveness of treatment, centers are underutilized., E. Králíková, A. Kmeťová, L. Štěpánková, K. Zvolská, V. Felbrová, S. Kulovaná, Z. Bortlíček, M. Blaha, K. Fraser., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public