Number of results to display per page
Search Results
52. Ancient and modern hybridization between Lucilia sericata and L. cuprina (Diptera: Calliphoridae)
- Creator:
- Williams, Kirstin and Villet, Martin H.
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, zoologie, entomologie, Diptera, Calliphoridae, Lucilia sericata, L. cuprina, hybrids, mDNA, phylogenetic, taxonomy, introgression, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- There are important but inconsistent differences in breeding site preference between the blow flies Lucilia sericata (Meigen, 1826) and L. cuprina (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) that have significance for medical and veterinary science. These inconsistencies might arise from hybridisation. The species are difficult to distinguish using external morphology, although the male genitalia are distinctive and there are reliable molecular markers. Molecular evidence of modern hybridisation, derived from a newly developed nuclear marker, the period (per) gene, is presented here. This has implications for identifications of these species based on mtDNA, and may lead to an explanation of the medical and veterinary anomalies noted in these species., Kirstin Williams, Martin H. Villet., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
53. Ants of the genus Protalaridris (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), more than just deadly mandibles
- Creator:
- Lattke, John E, Delsinne, Thibaut, Gary D Alpert, and Guerrero, Roberto J
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- mravencovití, morfologie (biologie), dolní čelist, ants, morphology (biology), mandible, Formicidae, Attini, Protalaridris, taxonomy, distribution, predation, Haidomyrmecini, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The ants of the genus Protalaridris are revised based upon their morphology. Seven species are recognized; the type species (P. armata Brown, 1980) and six species described as new: P. aculeata Lattke & Alpert, sp. n., P. arhuaca Guerrero, Lattke & Alpert, sp. n., P. bordoni Lattke, sp. n., P. leponcei Delsinne & Lattke, sp. n., P. loxanensis Lattke, sp. n., and P. punctata Lattke, sp. n. The genus is patchily distributed in mesic forested areas from western Panama to northern Venezuela and along the Andes to the Amazon watershed of southwestern Peru. The generic description is modified to accommodate a short-mandibulate species. Sporadic biological observations of one long-mandibulate species suggest they are sit-and-wait ambush predators that open their jaws to approximately 180° when stalking. All species are described and imaged, an identification key and a distribution map is provided. Comparing the mandibular morphology of long-mandibulate Protalaridris with other extant and extinct ants bearing elongate, dorsoanterior arching mandibles suggests the supposed mandibular apex in these taxa is actually a hypertrophied, preapical tooth and their supposed basal mandibular tooth is the main mandibular shaft., John E. Lattke, Thibaut Delsinne, Gary D. Alpert, Roberto J. Guerrero., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
54. Anuretes grandis sp. п., a caligid copepod (Siphonostomatoida) parasitic on Diagramma pictum (Pisces) in Taiwan, with discussion of Anuretes Heller, 1865
- Creator:
- Ju-shey, Ho and Ching-Long, Lin
- Format:
- Type:
- model:internalpart and TEXT
- Subject:
- fish parasite, parasitic copepod, Taiwan, Anuretes grandis, taxonomy, and key to species
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- A new species of caligid copepod (Siphonostomatoida), Anuretes grandis sp. п., parasitic on the painted sweetlips [Diagrammapictum (Thunberg)] in Taiwan is described. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by having: (1) free margin of céphalothorax not covering fourth pediger, (2) large genital complex longer than 2/3 of the cephalic shield, (3) no maxillary whip, (4) leg 3 with 9 setae on the terminal segment of exopod and 8 plumose setae on the terminal segment of endopod, and (5) armature of I,III on leg 4 exopod. Genus Anuretes Heller, 1865 is reviewed and redefined. Based on the new diagnosis three species (A. chelatus Prahha et Pillai, A. fedderni Price and A. parvulus Wilson) were transferred to Pseudanureles, and two species (A.furcatus Capart and A. renalis Ileegaard) were transferred to Lepeophtheirus. In addition, the following three species of caligids were transferred to Anuretes: Lepeophtheirus fallolunulus Lewis, Heniochophilus indicus Pillai, and Lepeophtheirus rotundigenitalis Prabha et Pillai. The latter is renamed Anuretes occullus nom. n. due to the homonym encountered through this transfer. “Anuretes plectorhynchi Yamaguti” reported by Prabha and Pillai (1986) is renamed Anuretes similis sp. n. and Anuretes yamagutii Prabha et Pillai is relegated to the synonym of Anuretes anomalus Pillai. A key to the 18 species of Anuretes is provided.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
55. Application of ubiquitin SSCP analysis in taxonomic studies within the subgenus Orinocarabus (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Carabus)
- Creator:
- Sedlmair, Dieter, Gerstmeier, Roland, and Einspanier, Ralf
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Carabidae, Carabus, Orinocarabus, taxonomy, ubiquitin, SSCP, and DNA
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- SSCP (single-strand conformation polymorphism) analyses of ubiquitin genes were used to investigate evolutionary relationships within the subgenus Orinocarabus of the genus Carabus. After SSCP electrophoresis of PCR-amplified ubiquitin copies, population-specific band patterns were obtained. Ubiquitin-SSCP-analyses of the six central European Orinocarabus species, including three subspecies and thirteen populations, resulted in a dendrogram that differed from that based on morphology. Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) did not support the SSCP dendrogram, but was in good accordance with the taxonomy based on morphological characters. The reason for the discrepancies seems to be evolutionary conservation of the ubiquitin genes. The time that elapsed since the evolution of the closely related Orinocarabus species is too short for concerted evolution of the ubiquitin genes.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
56. Aspects of the morphology and a review of the taxonomic status of three species of the genus Chonopeltis (Crustacea: Branchiura) from the Orange-Vaal and South West Cape River Systems, South Africa
- Creator:
- Van As, Liesl L. and Van As, Jo G.
- Format:
- Type:
- model:internalpart and TEXT
- Subject:
- Chonopeltis australis, Chonopeltis minutus, Chonopeltis australissimus, taxonomy, morphology, and fish parasite
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Comparative scanning electron microscopical studies were carried out on Chonopeltis australis Boxshall, 1976 collected from different localities in the Orange-Vaal River System in South Africa and on material of Chonopeltis minutus Fryer, 1977 and Chonopeltis australissimus Fryer, 1977 on loan from the Albany Museum, Grahamstown. This elucidates the fine structure of morphological features, which are of taxonomic importance and illustrates the significance of the copulatory structures on the legs as a taxonomic tool. It was also concluded that C. australissimus is the same as C. minutus, with C. australissimus the junior synonym.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
57. Biodiversity of the Coccidia (Apicomplexa: Conoidasida) in vertebrates: what we know, what we do not know, and what needs to be done
- Creator:
- Duszynski, Donald W.
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Amphibia, Amphisbaenia, Carnivora, Chelonia, Chiroptera, Crocodylia, Insectivora, Lagomorpha, Marsupialia, Primates, parasitic protists, Scandentia, Serpentes, systematics, and taxonomy
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Over the last two decades my colleagues and I have assembled the literature on a good percentage of most of the coccidians (Conoidasida) known, to date, to parasitise: Amphibia, four major lineages of Reptilia (Amphisbaenia, Chelonia, Crocodylia, Serpentes), and seven major orders in the Mammalia (Carnivora, Chiroptera, Lagomorpha, Insectivora, Marsupialia, Primates, Scandentia). These vertebrates, combined, comprise about 15,225 species; only about 899 (5.8%) of them have been surveyed for coccidia and 1,946 apicomplexan valid species names or other forms are recorded in the literature. Based on these compilations and other factors, I extrapolated that there yet may be an additional 31,381 new apicomplexans still to be discovered in just these 12 vertebrate groups. Extending the concept to all of the other extant vertebrates on Earth; i.e. lizards (6,300 spp.), rodents plus 12 minor orders of mammals (3,180 spp.), birds (10,000 spp.), and fishes (33,000 spp.) and, conservatively assuming only two unique apicomplexan species per each vertebrate host species, I extrapolate and extend my prediction that we may eventually find 135,000 new apicomplexans that still need discovery and to be described in and from those vertebrates that have not yet been examined for them! Even doubling that number is a significant underestimation in my opinion.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
58. Biosystematic study of the Cyanus triumfetti group in Central Europe
- Creator:
- Olšavská, Katarína, Perný, Marián, Kučera, Jaromír, and Hodálová, Iva
- Type:
- article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Asteraceae, Cyanus sect. Perennes, flow cytometry, genetic variation, morphology, Pannonia, taxonomy, and Western Carpathians
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Multivariate morphometrics and an assessment of genetic diversity obtained using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) were used to determine the variability of the polymorphic group Cyanus triumfetti in Central Europe. The ploidy level of the populations studied was also determined; all individuals from the C. triumfetti group were diploid (2n ~ 2x ~ 22) and all those of the related C. montanus group were tetraploid (2n ~ 4x ~ 44). A multivariate morphometric study of 71 populations revealed that three species from the C. triumfetti group occur in Central Europe, namely ‘Cyanus axillaris’, C. strictus and C. dominii. Three subspecies are recognized within the latter species, namely C. dominii subsp. dominii, C. dominii subsp. slovenicus and C. dominii subsp. sokolensis. Morphological characters of leaves are the best features for delimiting these taxa; a shift in characters caused by cultivation did not affect the value of key characters and differences among the taxa remained. AFLP analysis of 38 populations from the C. triumfetti group and two from the C. montanus group revealed a contrasting pattern of genetic variation that was related to the geographic distribution of the populations rather than the morphological variation in the C. triumfetti group. The AFLP data revealed the following three genetically differentiated and allopatric groups: (i) C. triumfetti s.s. and C. montanus from the Western Alps, (ii) ‘C. axillaris’ from Austria and the Czech Republic (except the Carpathians) and (iii) ‘C. axillaris’, C. strictus and C. dominii from the Western Carpathians and Pannonia. The striking genetic gap between the Austrian-Czech and the W Carpathian-Pannonia groups and the high genetic diversity and weak genetic differentiation within the latter group are discussed in the light of potential glacial refuges, postglacial migration routes and/or the probability of hybridization events occurring during the evolutionary history of this group. An identification key for the taxa of the C. triumfetti group in Central Europe is presented.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
59. Blood flukes (Digenea: Aporocotylidae) infecting body cavity of South American catfishes (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae): two new species from rivers in Bolivia, Guyana and Peru with a re-assessment of Plehniella Szidat, 1951
- Creator:
- Orélis-Ribeiro, Raphael and Bullard, Stephen A
- Format:
- electronic, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- parazitologie, parasitology, taxonomy, Plehniella albofasciatus, Plehniella armbrusteri, Plehniella coelomicola, Pimelodus, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- a1_Plehniella Szidat, 1951 is emended based on new collections from South American long-whiskered catfishes. It is clearly differentiated from Sanguinicola Plehn, 1905 by lacking lateral tegumental body spines and by having 6 asymmetrical caeca. Plehniella sabajperezi sp. n. infects body cavity of Pimelodus albofasciatus (Mees) from the Demerara and Rupununi Rivers (Guyana) and Pimelodus blochii (Valenciennes) from Lake Tumi Chucua (Bolivia) and Napo River (Peru). It differs from Plehniella coelomicola Szidat, 1951 (type species) by having a thin-walled vas deferens that greatly exceeds the length of cirrus-sac and that joins the cirrus-sac at level of ovovitelline duct and ootype, an internal seminal vesicle that is absent or diminutive, and a cirrus-sac that is spheroid, nearly marginal, and envelops the laterally-directed distal portion of the male genitalia. Plehniella armbrusteri sp. n. infects body cavity of P. blochii from Lake Tumi Chucua (Bolivia). It differs from P. coelomicola and P. sabajperezi by having a relatively ovoid body, a massive intestine comprising caeca that are deeply-lobed to diverticulate and terminate in the posterior half of the body, a testis that flanks the distal tips of the posteriorly-directed caeca, and a proximal portion of the vas deferens that loops ventral to the testis. Small adults (Plehniella sp.) collected from body cavity of Pimelodus grosskopfii (Steindachner) from Cienega de Jobo and Canal del Dique (Colombia) differ from congeners by having a posteriorly-constricted body region, an anterior sucker with concentric rows of minute spines, an elongate anterior oesophageal swelling, short and wide caeca, and a male genital pore that opens proportionally more anteriad., a2_This study nearly doubles the number of aporocotylids documented from South America Rivers and comprises the first record of a fish blood fluke from P. blochii, P. albofasciatus and P. grosskopfii as well as from Bolivia, Colombia, Guyana or Peru., Raphael Orélis-Ribeiro, Stephen A. Bullard., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
60. Blood flukes (Digenea: Aporocotylidae) of walking catfishes (Siluriformes: Clariidae): new genus and species from the Mekong River (Vietnam) with comments on related catfish aporocotylids
- Creator:
- Truong, Triet Nhat and Bullard, Stephen A.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- taxonomy, Nomasanguinicola canthoensis, Sanguinicola clarias, Plehniella dentata, Clarias macrocephalus, and South East Asia
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Nomasanguinicola canthoensis gen. et sp. n. infects the branchial vessels of bighead catfish, Clarias macrocephalus Günther (Siluriformes: Clariidae), in the Mekong River near Can Tho, southern Vietnam. Nomasanguinicola differs from all other genera of fish blood flukes (Digenea: Aporocotylidae) by the combination of lacking body spines and by having an anterior sucker with two flanking columns of large denticles, an intestine comprising several short papilla-like caeca, an inverse U-shaped uterus, and an ootype located near the separate genital pores. The new species has an ootype that is posterior to the level of the female genital pore. That feature most easily differentiates it from the only other putative aporocotylid species having an anterior sucker with two flanking columns of large denticles, Plehniella dentata Paperna, 1964 and Sanguinicola clarias Imam, Marzouk, Hassan et Itman, 1984, which have an ootype that is lateral (P. dentata) or anterior (S. clarias) to the level of the female genital pore. These two species apparently lack extant type materials, infect North African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell), and herein are considered incertae sedis, but likely comprise species of Nomasanguinicola. An updated list of hosts, sites of infection and geographic localities for the six species and three genera of blood flukes that mature in catfishes is provided. The new species is the first fish blood fluke recorded from Vietnam and only the third reported from a walking catfish (Clariidae).
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public