Region při soutoku Labe a Vltavy s rozsáhlou sídelní aglomerací na křižovatce dálkových cest přináší v archeologických nálezech svědectví o přítomnosti význačných jedinců společnosti z pozdní doby halštatské a časně laténské. Upozornit lze v této souvislosti především na dvě pohřebiště z počátku doby laténské a sídlištní objekt z pozdní doby halštatské v k. ú. Hořín a Vlíněves. Kostrové hroby se železným drátem na lebkách prozrazují pokrývky hlavy ve tvaru listovité koruny. Pohřbené osoby patřili k aristokracii a zastávali zřejmě i kněžské funkce. Dvě etruské bronzové mísy ze žárového hrobu poukazují na významnou polohu lokality u křižovatky důležitých jantarových cest. Bronzová tulejka antropomorfního tvaru nalezená v sídlištním objektu Ha D2–3 byla součástí ozdobného zakončení vrcholku picího rohu. Kování picích rohů doložená v sídlištním prostředí jsou velmi vzácná a prozrazují přítomnost elity společnosti. Symbol adoranta umístěný na vrcholu prestižní picí nádoby otevírá problematiku kultovní symboliky, kterou se práce v širších souvislostech zabývá. and The region at the confluence of the Elbe and Vltava rivers, with a vast settlement agglomeration at the crossroads of long-distance routes, has produced archaeological finds testifying to the presence of distinguished individuals in late Hallstatt and Early La Tène society. Strong evidence comes from two cemeteries dating to the beginning of the La Tène period and a settlement feature from the late Hallstatt period in the cadastral territories of Hořín and Vlíněves. The iron wire found on skulls in inhumation graves indicates headdresses in the shape of a foliate crown. The buried individuals were members of the aristocratic elite and apparently also served a clerical function. Two Etruscan bronze bowls from a cremation grave are evidence of the significant location of the site at the crossroads of important amber routes. A bronze anthropomorphic socket found in an Ha D2–3 settlement feature formed part of the decorative tip of a drinking horn. The metal fittings of drinking horns documented in the settlement environment are highly rare and indicate the presence of elite members of society. The symbol of an adorant on the top of a prestigious drinking vessel opens the subject of the ritual symbolism addressed in broader contexts in this article.
Príspevok prináša výsledky geofyzikálnych prospekcií na sídliskových lokalitách z juhovýchodného cípu Moravy. Dôraz je kladený na včasnostredoveké sídelné komponenty. S ohľadom na polykultúrny charakter skúmaných polôh sú zvažované vypovedacie možnosti archeogeofyzikálneho prieskumu v otázkach datovania a interpretácie lokalizovaných objektov a štruktúry osídlenia ako celku. Diskutovaný je tiež vplyv pôdneho podložia na výsledky geofyzikálnych prác, ktoré sa prejavilo ako významný faktor pri interpretácii nameraných dát. Zvýšená pozornosť je venovaná lokalite Kostice – Zadní hrúd 1, kde bola uskutočnená komparatívna analýza dát z archeologického výskumu, leteckej prospekcie, povrchových zberov, magnetického a georadarového prieskumu a merania magnetickej susceptibility v otvorených nálezových situáciách. and The article presents the results of geophysical surveys at occupation sites at the southeastern tip of Moravia, with a special focus on early medieval settlement components. The multicultural nature of the surveyed sites is used as the basis for contemplations on the testimonial possibilities of archaeophysical investigations concerning matters of dating and the interpretation of located features and the structure of settlement as a whole. The influence of the subsoil is discussed. A higher level of attention is devoted to the Kostice – Zadní hrúd 1 site, where a comparative analysis of data from an archaeological excavation, aerial survey, surface collections, a magnetic and ground-penetrating radar investigation, and measurements of magneticsusceptibility in open find situations was conducted.
This study presents the results of in-situ field stabilization of clay soil using Lime, Dolerite and Quartzite powders. The rock samples were collected from Oghi village and Misri Banda village of Mansehra District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan. A 415m2site comprised of loose clay in village of Haripur district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa was selected for field stabilization. In order to implement the experimental plan, eight test pits were dug and soil samples were collected from each pit to determine their major geotechnical properties. The raw soil contained Kaolinite, Illite and Montmorillonite and hence characterized as CH type according to the Unified Classification System. Later, different amounts of Lime were added to the retrieved samples and it was found that an addition of 6% Lime causes significant impact on soil properties. Following a steady augment by 10%, a maximum of 30% Dolerite and Quartzite powder were separately mixed with each of the 6% Lime-added soil samples. The resulting mixed soils were placed back into their respective pits and compacted slightly using compaction vibrator. and Standard penetration, field density and plate load tests were performed on each test pit. Finally, soil samples were extracted from all the test pits and the values of their direct shear box and Atterberg limits were measured. The results demonstrate that the addition of Dolerite and Quartzite leads to a significant increase in the bearing capacity, dry density, penetration resistance and angle of internal friction and thus improves the performance of the formerly Lime-stabilized soil by drastically decreasing its compressibility. The resulting improvement is mainly due to the denser and less hydrophilic character of the constituents of the added rock powders as compared with the Lime and raw soil. It has also been found that the magnitude of impact on the soil properties by Dolerite and Quartzite is notably different owing to the difference in mineralogical composition and physical characteristics of individual minerals present both rock types. This study would help construction engineers for better soil treatment.
The paper presents new knowledge on dating of the beginnings of the Prague-type pottery culture on the territory of Southern Moravia. It is a result of the analysis of inhumation grave No. 114 from Přítluky, and radiocarbon dates obtained from animal bones samples from House 953 at Pavlov-Horní pole. The rave showing spatial relation to a cremation burial ground with Prague-type pottery, and the find of a single-edged iron sax, entirely unique in our environment, indicate chronological and cultural relations to the Merovingian realm. Sax, in association with afire steel and a knife, represented the typical funerary equipment in graves of male warriors. Important "C dates obtained from House 953 at Pavlov-Horní pole helped to date the earliest phase of the Prague-type pottery culture to the turn of the 6th to 7th century., Dagmar Jelínková., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Cílem příspěvku je publikace nálezů pocházejících z pozdně laténské zahloubené chaty, která byla prozkoumána v roce 1994 poblíž Ohrozimi (okr. Prostějov). Předkládaný soubor je zajímavý svou rozmanitostí (skleněný prstencový korál, jantarový korál, nauheimská spona, železná sekera, železné závlačky, kamenné brousky, zlomky zrcadla, malovaná keramika). Navíc je v chatě doložen nejméně jeden druh výroby, a to zpracování kostěné a parohové industrie. Celý soubor se svým charakterem vymyká ze standardu běžných agrárních sídlišť, která jsou dosud známa na území Hané v předpolí oppida Staré Hradisko. and The aim of the article is to publish finds from a Late La Tène sunken hut investigated near Ohrozim in the Prostějov district in 1994. The assemblage is
noteworthy for the diversity of artefacts it contains, including a glass ring-shaped bead, an amber bead, a Nauheim fibula, an iron axe, iron cotter pins, whetstones, fragments of a mirror and painted pottery. Moreover,
at least one type of manufacturing has been documented in the hut: the processing of bone and antler industry. The entire assemblage and its composition are richer than standard assemblages from agrarian settlements known thus far in the Haná region in the area below the Staré Hradisko oppidum.
Problém závěrečné fáze mladšího (salzmündského) stupně kultury nálevkovitých pohárů (KNP) v Čechách je zde řešen na podkladě typově i kvantitativně dostatečně reprezentativního nálezového souboru z výzkumu sídelního areálu u Brozan nad Ohří. Formy keramiky plně odpovídají tvarům diskutovaného stupně, od souborů, které toto období reprezentují, se ale ve třech znacích, jež zároveň umožňují zařazení až na samý závěr české skupiny KNP, liší: prvním je faktická absence typické „salzmündské“ vhloubené výzdoby, druhým přítomnost nových tvarů, příbuzných tvarům badenizovaných skupin KNP severně od Čech, třetím výskyt keramiky klasického stupně badenské kultury. Publikovaný soubor zároveň svědčí o dvojkolejnosti kulturního vývoje v Čechách v období středního eneolitu, dané paralelní existencí mladší KNP a badenské kultury od jejího staršího, bolerázského stupně až do nástupu klasického stupně. and The text deals with the topic of the final phase of the late (Salzmünder) phase of the Funnel Beaker culture in Bohemia, studied on the basis of the assemblage from the Brozany nad Ohří site, representative both in terms of type and quantity. The acquired material included pottery that may on one hand be unambiguously connected with the phase in question, but on the other hand, however, differs in some attributes from the existing assemblages representative of the phase. The presence of shapes typical for the classic phase of the Baden culture, new pottery types and actual absence of the typical “Salzmünder” incised decoration enable its classification into the very end of the Funnel Beaker culture in Bohemia. The published assemblage also attests to the continued double-track nature of the cultural evolution at the outset of the Bohemian middle Eneolithic, characteristic by the simultaneous existence of the incoming Baden culture and the outgoing Funnel Beaker culture also during the classic phase of the Baden culture.
This diploma thesis based paper focuses on the problems of settlement archaeology and a spectrum of archaeological artifacts, which were excavated during a salvage archaeological excavation at Olomouc-Slavonín-„Horní Lán“site. The site is known to have been occupied multiple times and during different periods from prehistoric times tillthe present. This study discusses issues of early Medieval settlement at this site-the main part is concerned withSlavonic pottery analysis, then the study deals with the analysis of the structure of Slavonic settlement, characterof features and its placement in a range of settlement area. Slavonic settlement at Olomouc-Slavonín-„Horní Lán“is characterized by the absence of typical Slavonic earth-houses, therefore the settlement at this site supports the hypothesis of the existence of other house forms in use during the early Medieval period. The basic analysis of archaeological material from this site is supported by the statistical analysis. Statistical analysis defines the main tendenciesin the investigated data; it shows initially invisible structures and contexts and thus it aids in the final interpretationof investigated structures at the Olomouc-Slavonín-„Horní Lán“ settlement., Adéla Balcárková., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
V letech 2007–2014 byl prováděn detektorový průzkum v lokalitě Sedlec 4 (okr. Ústí nad Orlicí). Podařilo se získat soubor předmětů, které byly jednotlivě archeologizovány v areálu sídliště, a orbou rozvlečený bronzový depot obsahující kruhový šperk, růžicovitou sponu a kruhové disky s poutkem. Depot náleží horizontu Kosmonosy s datací Ha A1-2. and A metal detector survey conducted at the Sedlec 4 site in the Ústí nad Orlicí district, East Bohemia, in 2007–2014 produced an assemblage of artefacts individually ‘archaeologised’ on the grounds of the settlement, and a bronze hoard dispersed by ploughing, containing ring ornamentation, a rosette fibula and round disks with a loop. The hoard belongs to the Kosmonosy horizon dating to Ha A1-2.
Plošný výzkum v pískovně nedaleko obce Vlíněves, okr. Mělník, který probíhal v letech 1999–2008, zachytil vedle množství nálezů z různých období zemědělského pravěku též nálezy z doby kultury se zvoncovitými poháry. Nálezy byly dokumentované v sídlištním kontextu, diskutovány jsou jejich nálezové souvislosti a rozmístění na ploše výzkumu. Srovnání nevelkého množství podobných nálezových situací může naznačovat, že nízké zastoupení zahloubených sídlištních objektů v českých lokalitách je spíše důsledkem jejich původní funkce a využití v rámci sídelního areálu než redukcí v průběhu archeologizace a případných zásahů do terénu včetně archeologického výzkumu. and Area excavation in the sand-pit near the Vlíněves municipality, Mělník distr., accomplished in the years 1999–2008, yielded – apart from a number of finds from different periods of the agricultural prehistory – also finds of the Bell Beaker culture. Finds of this culture, recorded in settlement context, are presented and their find context and spatial distribution within the excavated area discussed. Comparison of the few similar find situations may suggest that the low incidence of sunken settlement features at Czech sites is due to their original purpose and use within the settlement area rather than their reduction during archaeologization or potential terrain interventions including archaeological excavation.
This article builds on the emerging tradition of transnationalism in migration research, which considers both migrants’ ‘making a home’ in their host societies and their continued attachments to their places of origin as parallel processes. It examines the factors that influence migrants’ simultaneous negotiation of ‘belonging’ in the home and host societies. This question is particularly significant in the ‘liquid’ context of free intra-EU mobility. The analysis is based on semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted in 2014–2016 with 41 Czech migrants who had moved to the United Kingdom in 1990–2015. Building on existing research of Central and Eastern European migration, the article shows that despite their diverse trajectories, most interviewees strive for ‘grounded’ lives with a family and a predictable future. Their sense of ‘belonging’ is affected by their reasons for coming to and staying in the UK, but especially by the presence or absence of agency; whether the migrant’s decision to stay was voluntary or dependent. Aspects of the individual’s migration situation and personal characteristics are also shown to structure migrant belonging. The concept of a ‘leap of faith’ is introduced to capture the role of a conscious commitment to settling in the host country, both physically and mentally, and thus re-gaining ‘control’ over one’s migration trajectory in cases when the decision to stay was not made independently.