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11. The genus Nipponaetes (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Cryptinae) in Costa Rica, with a reassessment of the generic limits

Creator:
Broad, Gavin, Laurenne, Nina M., and Quicke, Donald L. J.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae, Tryphoninae, Nipponaetes, Zurquilla, 28S, host, spider, phylogeny, and new synonymy
Language:
English
Description:
The endemic Costa Rican genus Zurquilla Gauld, 1997, is transferred from the ichneumonid subfamily Tryphoninae (tribe Oedemopsini) to the Cryptinae (tribe Phygadeuontini) and synonymised with Nipponaetes Uchida, 1933. This decision is justified using morphological and molecular (28S D2-3 ribosomal DNA sequence) evidence. We briefly discuss the phylogenetic utility of characters that led to the type species of Zurquilla being described as a tryphonine and provide a host record that indicates that Nipponaetes is a parasitoid of spider egg sacs.
Rights:
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12. The identity of figitid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) of anthomyiid flies in conifer cones

Creator:
Forshage, Mattias and Nordlander, Göran
Format:
počítač and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae, Amphithectus, Seitneria, Diptera, Anthomyiidae, Strobilomyia, parasitoid, conifer cones, cone insects, seed orchard, Larix, Picea, taxonomy, new synonymy, and new combination
Language:
English
Description:
Larvae of Strobilomyia flies (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) are serious pests in conifer-seed orchards because they feed on the seed inside the cones. Figitid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea) of Strobilomyia larvae in conifer cones are commonly reported but under various generic names. It is argued here that, across the entire Holarctic region, these figitids belong to Amphithectus and perhaps also to Sarothrus (Figitinae), but not to Melanips (Aspicerinae), contrary to some reports. We conclude that the identity of the commonly found figitid associated with conifer cones (Larix and Picea) in Europe and Asia is Amphithectus austriacus (Tavares, 1928) comb. n. This is most likely considering the original description and the host association, although the type specimen of Seitneria austriaca Tavares, 1928 is lost. This species name takes priority over the recently described Amphithectus coriaceus Paretas-Martinez & Pujade-Villar, 2013. Seitneria Tavares, 1928 becomes a new junior synonym of Amphithectus Hartig, 1840, and Amphithectus coriaceus Paretas-Martinez & Pujade-Villar, 2013 becomes a new synonym of Amphithectus austriacus (Tavares, 1928) comb. n.
Rights:
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13. The identity of Pseudopsila, description of a new subgenus of Psila, and redefinition of Psila sensu lato (Diptera: Psilidae)

Creator:
Buck, Matthias and Marshall , Stephen A.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Psila, Xenopsila, Pseudopsila, Psilidae, phylogeny, redefinition, subgenera, key, new synonymy, new subgenus, New World, morphology, male genitalia, and egg
Language:
English
Description:
The type species of Pseudopsila Johnson, P. fallax (Loew), and two related species are found to belong in Psila s. str., and Pseudopsila is thus synonymized with Psila Meigen. The remaining species formerly included in Pseudopsila form a monophyletic group here described as Xenopsila Buck subgen. n. [i.e., Psila (Xenopsila) collaris Loew comb. n., P. (X.) bivittata Loew comb. n., P. (X.) lateralis Loew comb. n., P. (X.) arbustorum Shatalkin comb. n., P. (X.) nemoralis Shatalkin comb. n., P. (X.) tetrachaeta (Shatalkin) comb. n., P. (X.) maculipennis (Frey) comb. n., P. (X.) nigricollis (Frey) comb. n., P. (X.) nigrohumera (Wang & Yang) comb. n.]. A key to the Nearctic species of Xenopsila and the Psila fallax-group is provided. The placement of Xenopsila in Psila s. l. is confirmed by newly recognised synapomorphies of the egg stage. The somewhat questionable monophyly of Psila s. l. is confirmed based on these new synapomorphies, thereby slightly expanding its taxonomic limits to also include Asiopsila Shatalkin. The morphology of the male genitalia of Xenopsila is discussed in detail, clarifying confused homologies and character polarities in the hypandrial complex. Evolutionary trends in the development of the hypandrium in the subfamily Psilinae are discussed.
Rights:
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14. Two new species of Aivalykus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) from China and Indonesia, with a key to species

Creator:
Belokobylskij, Sergey and Chen, Xuexin
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Taxonomy, Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae, Aivalykus, new species, new synonymy, new combination, and China
Language:
English
Description:
The species and tribal position of the genus Aivalykus Nixon are discussed. Two new species of Aivalykus from China and Indonesia are described: A. nitidus sp. n. and A. bouceki sp. n. The genus Ecphyloides Marsh, 1993 is considered a junior synonym of Aivalykus Nixon, 1938. A key to the species of Aivalykus is given.
Rights:
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15. West Palaearctic species of the genus Eloeophila (Diptera: Limoniidae)

Creator:
Starý, Jaroslav
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Diptera, Limoniidae, Eloeophila, West Palaearctic, taxonomy, redescriptions, new synonymy, lectotype designation, new species, new records, distribution, and key
Language:
English
Description:
A review of West Palaearctic species of the genus Eloeophila Rondani, 1856 is presented. Three species are redescribed, viz. E. czernyi (Strobl in Czerny & Strobl, 1909), E. laciniata (Edwards, 1928), and E. pusilla (Kuntze, 1920). A lectotype of the latter is designated. Eloeophila albofascia (Alexander, 1975) is established as a new junior synonym of E. apicata (Loew, 1871). Descriptions are provided of E. bipartita sp. n. (North Italy), E. delmastroi sp. n. (North Italy), E. lucasi sp. n. (South Italy and Sicily), E. maroccana sp. n. (Morocco, Spain), E. martinovskyi sp. n. (South Italy), E. minor sp. n. (Czech Republic, Slovakia), E. pectinistylus sp. n. (Spain), E. punctulata sp. n. [Cyprus, Greece (Crete)], E. sparsipunctum sp. n. (Bulgaria), and E. tigricosta sp. n. (Spain). A key to males of all West Palaearctic species is presented.
Rights:
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