Článek uvádí přehled současných poznatků o žaludečních neuroendokrinních nádorech. Jde o heterogenní skupinu zahrnující 3 typy, které se odlišují svým biologickým chováním a léčebným přístupem. Typ 1 vzniká na podkladě chronické korporální atrofické gastritidy, je relativně málo maligní, léčba spočívá v endoskopickém odstranění drobných nádorů, u větších lézí či infiltrativních forem je nutná resekce žaludku, výjimečně gastrektomie. Typ 2 vzniká v rámci Zollinger-Ellisonova syndromu. Oba uvedené typy jsou gastrin-dependentní. Naproti tomu typ 3 je solitární nádor, vznikající bez závislosti na gastrinu, jeho maligní potenciál je značný. Nádor nutno léčit chirurgicky, u pokročilých forem je nezbytná paliativní terapie., The paper presents recent opinions on gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms. This is a heterogeneus group including three types that distinguish in their biological behaviour, and require different therapeutical approach. Type 1 arises in setting of chronic corporal atrophic gastritis, malignant potential of this type is lower, this type 1 tumour may be treated with endoscopic removal of multiple small tumour lesions. Gastric resection is indicated in larger lesions with infiltrative pattern of growth. Gastrectomy is rarely indicated. Type 2 arises as consequence of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Both above-mentioned type are gastrin-dependent. Type 3 is a solitary, gastrin-independent tumour with higher malignant potential. Surgery is treatment of choice, palliative therapy is indicated in advanced, generalized cases., Oldřich Louthan, and Literatura
Objective: To prevent the possible functional complications after gastrectomy, to improve the quality of life and the process of early rehabilitation. Material and Methods: The study included 165 patients with gastric cancer of stage III (T3N12M0), which, depending on the method of recovery divided into 2 groups: Group 1 n = 80 patients who, after an extensive gastrectomy had reservoir formed, II group n = 85 patients who had gastrectomy performed without forming a reservoir. Results: There were no incidence of reflux esophagitis and dumping syndrome observed in the main group, while in the control group, these complications were respectively 61.2% and 25.8%. Weight gain in the main group was observed in 83.7% of patients, in the control group in 4.7%. Assessment of physical activity on the Karnovsky scale in the study group was 85.0%, while 62.0% in the control group. Within 3 months, physical rehabilitation was observed in 90.0% of patients of the main group, while in the control group it was 25.7%. Threeyear survival rate in the main group was 71.4+0.4%, while in the control group, 57.2+0.3% (P> 0.05). Conclusions: Creation of a stomach replacing reservoir after gastrectomy is adequate way in ridding patients from possible complications. Method improves the quality of life, the process of early recovery and, Khudoyorov S. S., Navruzov S. N., Juraev M. D., Eshonov A. K., and Literatura