The species Beludzhia phylloteliptera Rohdendorf is redescribed from adult males and females as well as all larval instars collected in the United Arab Emirates. The morphology of the first instar larva is strikingly similar to that of Dolichotachina marginella (Wiedemann) and Phylloteles pictipennis Loew, all of which are here documented for the first time. These three generic representatives share several character states, which are probably plesiomorphic relative to the condition observed in other miltogrammine larvae, but the uniquely shaped, slender mouthhook, a cushion- or pad-like lobe behind the maxillary palpus (cheek organ), the antero-ventral segmental prolegs of the first instar larva, and the integumental warts of the third instar larvae, are shared character states not known from any other species of Sarcophagidae. Beludzhia Rohdendorf is therefore placed with Dolichotachina Villeneuve and Phylloteles Loew in the tribe Phyllotelini.
Despite the global distribution of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) sensu lato (s.l.), limited information exists about their identity from the Arabian Peninsula. Ticks from free roaming urban dogs and dromedary camels in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia were morphologically identified, confirmed with scanning electron microscopy and characterised at mitochondrial DNA (cox1, 12S rDNA and 16S rDNA). A total of 186 ticks were collected from 65 free roaming dogs (n = 73) and 84 dromedary camels (n = 113). Morphologically, 5.9% (11/186) were R. sanguineus s.l. and Hyalomma spp. (93.5%, 174/186). From within R. sanguineus s.l., the presence of Rhipicephalus cf. camicasi Morel, Mouchet et Rodhain, 1976 (1 dog, 2 camels) and Rhipicephalus turanicus Pomerantsev, 1936 (1 camel) is reported. The examined R. cf. camicasi form a sister group to R. sanguineus s.l. tropical lineage at all DNA markers. Dogs were parasitised by Hyalomma dromedarii Koch, 1844 (n = 59), Hyalomma impeltatum Schulze et Schlottke, 1930 (n = 1), Hyalomma excavatum Koch, 1844 (n = 2), Hyalomma turanicum Pomerantsev, 1946 (n = 1) and Hyalomma rufipes Koch,1844 (n = 1). DNA from dog blood (n = 53) from Riyadh confirmed a low prevalence of canine vector-borne pathogens that does not exceed 5.7% for Babesia spp., Mycoplasma spp., Anaplasma platys, Hepatozoon canis and Ehrlichia canis using multiplexed tandem PCR (MT-PCR) and diagnostic PCR. Low prevalence of R. sanguineus s.l. on dogs likely contributed to the low level of canine vector-borne pathogens in Saudi Arabia. We demonstrate that dogs in the central Arabian Peninsula are more commonly parasitised by Hyalomma spp. than R. sanguineus s.l., Shona Chandra, Karen Smith, Abdullah D. Alanazi, Mohamed S. Alyousif, David Emery, Jan Šlapeta., and Obsahuje bibliografii
External morphology of the nematode Pterygodermatites bovieri (Blanchard, 1886), a very rare parasite of bats in the Palaearctic region, was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Special attention was paid to the cephalic end structure and cutieular armament, which are of great systematic importance in this group of nematodes. The mouth opening of P. bovieri is subterminal and oriented dorsally. Numerous sclerotized denticles, arranged in two rows, are situated in the buccal cavity around the mouth opening. They are better developed in its ventral part. In females there are 12-14 ventral denticles. Cephalic papillae are arranged in two rows: internal (six papillae - two dorsal, two lateral and two ventral) and external (four papillae). Amphids are small, situated close to lateral cephalic papillae of the internal row. Males possess 40-41 cutieular combs in each ventro-lat-eral plate row, and, in addition, a short row of four ventral, unpaired precloacal fans. Females in our material possessed 68 cu-ticular elements represented by combs and spines, in each row. Changes of the cutieular elements shape along the nematode body length are described. Results of SEM observations are compared with previous descriptions of P. bovieri based on the light microscopical observations.
Spermatological characters of the liver fluke Mediogonimus jourdanei Mas-Coma et Rocamora, 1978 were studied by means of transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Spermiogenesis begins with the formation of the differentiation zone containing two centrioles associated with striated rootlets and an intercentriolar body. These two centrioles originate two free flagella that undergo a 90° rotation before fusing with the median cytoplasmic process. Both nuclear and mitochondrial migrations toward the median cytoplasmic process occur before the proximodistal fusion of flagella. Finally, the constriction of the ring of arched membranes gives rise to the young spermatozoon. The mature sperm of M. jourdanei measures about 260 µm and presents two axonemes of different lengths with the typical pattern of the Trepaxonemata, two bundles of parallel cortical microtubules, one mitochondrion, a nucleus and granules of glycogen. An analysis of all the microphalloidean species studied to date emphasised some differences in certain characters found in Maritrema linguilla Jägerskiöld, 1908 and Ganeo tigrinum Mehra et Negi, 1928 in comparison to those in the remaining microphalloideans. The presence and variability of such ultrastructural characters according to family, superfamily or order have led several authors to propose their use in the analysis of trematode relationships and phylogeny. Therefore, apart from producing new data on the family Prosthogonimidae, the present study also compares the spermatological organization of M. jourdanei with other available ultrastructural studies focusing on the Microphalloidea.
Specimens of Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) poonchensis sp. n. are described from Schizothorax richardsonii (Gray) in the Poonch River, Jammu and Kashmir. Specimens are thick-walled with dissimilar dorsal and ventral para-receptacle structures, anteriorly manubriated hooks, two giant nuclei in each lemniscus and many subcutaneousy. The lemnisci barely overlap the larger anterior testis, the cement gland has eight giant nuclei, and the seminal vesicle is large with thin walls. The vagina is unremarkable but the long uterus is made up of four specialised regions. Neoechinorhynchus rigidus (Van Cleave, 1928), resembles N. poonchensis sp. n. It is distinguished from N. poonchensis sp. n. by having smaller trunk, proboscis, and male reproductive structures, equal testes, unequal lemnisci with three giant nuclei each, and much larger anterior proboscis hook (130 μm in males) than that originally described by Van Cleave (1928) (70 μm in a female). Anterior hook length alone is sufficient to conclude that the N. rigidus of Datta (1937) is not the same species as the N. rigidus of Van Cleave (1928). Van Cleave's (1928) species remains valid and that of Datta (1937) is considered a different species named Neoechinorhynchus pseudorigidus sp. n., herein. Micropores of N. poonchensis sp. n. have variable distribution in different trunk regions and the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis demonstrated higher levels of sulfur and lower levels of calcium and phosphorus. Sequences of the 18S rDNA gene from nuclear DNA, and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) from mitochondrial DNA of N. poonchensis sp. n. were amplified and aligned with other sequences available on GenBank. Maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) analyses inferred for 18S rDNA and cox1 showed that N. poonchensis sp. n. was nested in a separate clade.
Záměr: Primárním cílem studie bylo testování modelu předpokládajícího mediační efekt studijní strategie, odhadnuté Dotazníkem přístupu k učení a studiu – ALSI, na vztah mezi výkonovou orientací, zjišťovanou Dotazníkem výkonové orientace – AGQ, a průměrnými výsledky studentů u zkoušek ve čtvrtém roce studia medicíny. Sekundárním cílem bylo ověření struktury Dotazníku výkonové orientace jako předpokladu pro realizaci primárního cíle. Soubor a procedura: Soubor tvořilo 94 studentů medicíny (63 studentek a 31 studentů; průměrný věk 23,15; SD = 0,08; rozsah 22 – 25 let). Autoreferenční data byla shromážděna na počátku sedmého semestru po skončení výuky, údaje o hodnocení akademického výkonu z registru fakulty po ukončení zkouškového období. Účast studentů byla neanonymní, dobrovolná, podmíněná informovaným souhlasem. Statistická analýza: Vztahy mezi proměnnými, založené na odhadu asymptotické kovarianční matice polychorických korelací, byly analyzovány metodou strukturálních rovnic s použitím odhadu maximální věrohodnosti. Výsledky: Analýza dat přinesla akceptovatelnou podporu pro (a) navržený model předpokládající mediační efekt studijní strategie na vztah mezi výkonovou orientací a výsledky zkoušek ve čtvrtém roce studia medicíny. Velikost účinku byla 17 %, což je o 10 % vyšší účinek než u modelu bez mediačních proměnných; (b) výsledky konfirmační faktorové analýzy rovněž podpořily předpoklad 4 konstruktů nástroje výkonové orientace v kontextu studia medicíny. Omezení studie: Validita studie je limitovaná nízkým počtem pozorování a velkou chybovou variancí proměnných.
Paper deals with measuring temperature dependence of the dissipation factor, relative permittivity and internal resistivity of nanocomposite materials based on epoxy resin and preparation process of measured samples. The sample microstructure and material composition is studied with scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-Ray spectrometer. and Článek se zabývá měřením teplotních závislostí ztrátového činitele, relativní permitivity a vnitřní rezistivity nanokompozitních materiálů na bázi epoxidové pryskyřice a postupem přípravy měřených vzorků. Mikrostruktura a materiálové složení nanokompozitů jsou studovány pomocí rastrovacího elektronového mikroskopu a energiově disperzního analyzátoru Rentgenova záření.