The author explains special features of the post-conflict reconstruction process in the central Mozambican Maringué district due to the presence of the RENAMO rebels´ main base during the Mozambican armed connflict. Although the estate has gradually increased its presence in the district since the removal of the RENAMO-nominated district administrator in 1997, the situation in the district remains precarious. The state´s authority is challenged by the continuing presence of a group of RENAMO fighters at their former base. Many essential state functions (including tax collection) depend on cooperation with traditional authorities.