This study shows the test usage of Mobile Automated Astronomical System No. 1 (M AAS-1) in a local network with an are a of approximately 50 km sq. The network has been built-up especially for experimental purposes to compare the local quasigeoid model determined by three different methods, namely GNSS-levelling, astronomical levelling and gravimetry. The network consists of 34 core points where the astronomic and geodetic coordinates have been measured. Subsequently, the measured data have been processed to obtain vertical deflections and to determine the quasigeoid heights by astronomical levelling. Afterwards, the quasigeoid model has been independently determined also using gravimetric measurements and by the method of GNSS-levelling. In this paper the results of th e comparison of quasigeoid models are being presented. The overall agreement of independently determin ed quasigeoids is on the level of 3 mm. After an overall accuracy evaluation of resulting quasigeoid model authors discuss the benef its of astronomical measur ements using MAAS-1., Tomáš Volařík, Radovan Machotka, Michal Kuruc, Lukáš Puchrik and Josef Jurčík., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
In this article, the authors use the existing theoretical foundations and partial solutions to provide a general formula, which can be used to determine the value of horizontal deformation factor B for various applications of the Knothe theory. This applies to the calculation of surface deformation not only in the case of hard coal mining, but also in the case of salt mining by borehole. Convergence resulted from mining may cause deformations of caverns used to store liquid and gaseous fuels or the deformations related to the fluidized bed extraction. The calculations for the new analytical model are presented in the examples of the Etzel cavern (Germany) and the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland). and Sroka Anton, Misa Rafał, Tajdus Krzysztof.
This paper describes the researches upon the precise short-time GPS solutions made in the Centre of Applied Geomatics, Military University of Technology. The data from ASG-EUPOS (Polish Active Geodetic Network) was processed using Bernese 5.0 software and EPN (EUREF Permanent Network) standards and models. In this study, the adopted 3-hour observation window is shifted every hour obtaining geocentric coordinates in ITRF2005 reference frame. The adjusted network consisted of over 130 stations from Poland and the neighbouring countries, the period covered observations collected from 8.06.2008 to 18.06.2010. These two years of observations allowed to examine short-period oscillations which we found as closely related to the tidal (dynamic) frequencies. The analysis of the residua from IERS2003 tidal model was performed using least squares method with the Eterna software upon the idea of Chojnicki. It confirmed existence of the significant energy in the frequencies corresponding to S1, K1 and K2. The effects in S1 frequency reflect thermal influences, but the reasons of K1 and K2 existence could be both: dynamic (liquid core resonance and non-linearity of K1 are very difficult for modelling as well as the annual modulation of S1) or artificial (GPS satellites’ orbiting period, dynamic changes of satellites’ constellation and network geometry, multipath, residual tropospheric and ionospheric errors etc.). Since the phase of K1 for all 130 sites is very inconsistent the local effects could be also taken into account as one of the possible reasons. The paper describes the idea of the data processing and analysis, presents the results of vertical (Up component) oscillations in main tidal frequency bands, but also includes the discussion on the possible explanation of existence of short period oscillations in GPS precise solutions., Janusz Bogusz and Jan Hefty., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Using synthetic data we study the possibility of determining 1-D velocity models of the upper crust from P- and S-wave arrival times in the case of a narrow depth interval of seismic sources and sparse distribution of stations. The test is tailored to a similar real situation in one subregion of the western part of the Corinth Gulf, Greece. Two kinds of models are studied: (i) models composed of layers with constant velocity gradients, and (ii) models composed of homogeneous layers. To derive the structural models from arrival times, the Neighbourhood Algorithm of Sambridge (1999) is used, combined with the grid search for source locations. Weighted P- and S-wave arrival time residuals are used as the misfit function. Accurate and perturbed synthetic arrival times are used. The velocities at medium depths, with a fast velocity increase, are well determined in both models for the accurate data. However, the determination of velocity is less certain in the uppermost 5 km for the gradient model, and in the deepest layer for the model composed of homogeneous layers for the perturbed data. The presence or absence of hypocentres in the uppermost or in the second layer influences notably the obtained velocity in these layers in both models., Jaromír Janský, Vladimír Plicka and Oldřich Novotný., and Obsahuje bibliografii
This study presents data about the effect of parent material on the intensity of processes that lead to the formation of a cambic subsurface horizon. The study was performed in the Voděradské bučiny National Nature Reserve with granite bedrock and in Humpolec with paragneiss bedrock. Representative soil profiles in the southeastern part of Bohemia were characterised on a macroscale level based on macromorphological description, particle size distribution, chemical, physical and soil organic matter properties. On the basis of the values of organic carbon and bulk density, the stock of soil organic matter was calculated in the upper 25 cm of soils. A more detailed characteristic of soil cover employed micromorphological and X-ray diffraction analyses. The results revealed differences in the formation of the cambic horizon on different types of parent material. The main soil forming process responsible for the cambic horizon is more intensive at localities with paragneiss bedrock., Anna Žigová, Martin Šťastný and Radka Kodešová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The articles gives a summary of measurement units that are used for diagnostic measurements of fluid boilers combustion channels. During the verification process VŠB-TU Ostrava designed and tested various types of probes for temperature and velocity measurements, off-take of both gaseous samples of waste gases and solid particles samples. Taken results gives more detailed information about fluid lyer behaviour for various fluid bed boiler types. Moreover they can be of use in case of boiler modifications or boiler operation improvements. This article is based on the project GA 617 50 11 solving - "Combine combustion of coal and biomass in fluid bed boilers"., Bohumír Čech, Zdeněk Kadlec and Jan Matoušek., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Permo-Carboniferous and Cretaceous sediments cover the main tectonostratigraphic units of the crystalline basement in NE Bohemia. Within the activities of “Research Centre for Advanced remedial Technologies and Processes” the Czech Geological Survey revises the boreholes and geophysical investigations in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin and adjacent areas. One part of the research is a compilation of pre-Cretaceous relief of the basement including the crystalline basement and Permo-Carboniferous relief. The digital elevation model uses all boreholes from the Czech Geological Survey-Geofond database, previous geophysical interpretation and the recent surface of the individual geological units defined from detailed geological mapping. The final model reflects well the evolution and recent position of several tectonic blocks and subsequent reprocessing of the information about basement rocks enables compilation of the ´solid´ geological map., Zuzana Skácelová, Bedřich Mlčoch and Zuzana Tasáryová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Correlation of boreholes and geophysical data provides the framework for 3D modelling of the crystalline basement and the Permo-Carboniferous volcano-sedimentary strata in the Mnichovo Hradiště Basin. The knowledge of depth of the individual interfaces acquired from boreholes database and interpretation of the seismic profiles enabled construction of 3D models. The Stráž crystalline block has bounded the Mnichovo Hradiště Basin on the north, its elongation is in NNW-SSE direction and maximal depth has reached near Sobotka. Its second deepest part known as Mcely or Sukorady sub-basin has been detected southeast of Mladá Boleslav. The negative gravity anomaly in the Mimoň- Český Dub- Turnov- Mnichovo Hradiště area indicated presence of „light“ granitic rocks in the crystalline complex. Moreover, the highest volume of rhyolite ignimbrites with a thickness of up to 180 m is concentrated in Permo-Carboniferous volcano-sedimentary strata in this negative gravity anomaly area, which can be related to a rather deep Late Paleozoic volcanic source (up to a depth of about 10 km)., Zuzana Skácelová, Bedřich Mlčoch and Zuzana Tasáryová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
During the General Assembly of the European Geosciences Union in April 2008, the new Earth Gravitational Model 2008 (EGM08) was released with fully-normalized coefficients in the spherical harmonic expansion of the Earth's gravitational potential complete to degree and order 2159. EGM08 is based on inverse modeling methods that rely on data observed both on the Earth's surface and in space. Forward modeling equations based on Newtonian integrals can be converted into series forms that are compatible with the spherical harmonic description of the geopotential. Namely gravitational potentials of ocean water (fluid masses below the geoid) and topographical masses (solid masses above the geoid) can be formulated and evaluated numerically through spherical harmonic expansions. The potential constituents as well as their radial derivatives can be used for a step known in geodesy and geophysics as gravity field reduction or stripping. Reducing EGM08 for these constituents can help to analyze the internal structure of the Earth (geophysics) as well as to derive the Earth's gravitational field harmonic outside the geoid (geodesy)., Pavel Novák., and Obsahuje bibliografii