For many years, the legal protection of personal data prohibited the analysis of individual census data in the Czech Republic; thus, this is the first article to provide a detailed analysis of data on religion. Employing individual data for the whole population, the authors confirm several trends in the recent religious development of the country, including general out-churching, the expansion of certain smaller denominations, and, especially, an increase in the number of people declaring themselves religious, but unwilling to claim allegiance to any particular church. Of even greater importance is the observation that almost half the population refused to declare their religiosity (or the absence thereof) in the last (2011) census. The article focuses especially on this group, providing an attempt to characterise them socio-demographically. The "non-fillers" stand somewhere between believers and unbelievers who completed the census and share certain characteristics with both groups. It can be assumed that a (slight) majority of this group consists of unbelievers as well as an (also rather small) minority of church members, both of which groups chose not to express their non/religiosity via the census. However, such "non-fillers" differ significantly from the religious population – both with and without denomination. At the same time, refusing to declare a personal religious affiliation is often connected with the refusal to complete other census items, which might be seen as a sign of the distrust of, or resistance to, the state as the most important collective body. From this point of view, the increase in secularisation and other changes in Czech religiosity could be considered to represent expressions of a wider divergence from all types of social bodies including state authorities.
The present essay covers the topic of the first post-war census in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It focuses on the reasons why the census was postponed for so long, and explains why the implementation of the census was so deeply politicized. Last but not least, it sketches out other complications in preparing and executing this census. The crucial reason why the census was blocked for such a long time can be found in the different standpoints of the three constituent nationalities in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the international community's unclear stance to this issue. and Stať se zabývá problematikou prvního poválečného sčítání v Bosně a Hercegovině. Především se pokouší o analýzu příčin dlouhodobého odkladu sčítání, zdůvodnění politizace censu a v neposlední řadě nastiňuje i další komplikace, které jeho přípravu a realizaci provázely. Za stěžejní důvod, proč byl census tak dlouho blokován, lze označit rozdílná stanoviska tří konstitutivních národů Bosny a Hercegoviny a neujasněný postoj mezinárodního společenství k této otázce.