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132. Annual and seasonal discharge prediction in the middle Danube River basin based on a modified TIPS (Tendency, Intermittency, Periodicity, Stochasticity) methodology

Creator:
Stojković, Milan, Plavšić, Jasna, and Prohaska, Stevan
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
stochastic modelling, annual and seasonal hydrological predictions, TIPS method, and The middle Danube River basin
Language:
Slovak
Description:
The short-term predictions of annual and seasonal discharge derived by a modified TIPS (Tendency, Intermittency, Periodicity and Stochasticity) methodology are presented in this paper. The TIPS method (Yevjevich, 1984) is modified in such a way that annual time scale is used instead of daily. The reason of extracting a seasonal component from discharge time series represents an attempt to identify the long-term stochastic behaviour. The methodology is applied for modelling annual discharges at six gauging stations in the middle Danube River basin using the observed data in the common period from 1931 to 2012. The model performance measures suggest that the modelled time series are matched reasonably well. The model is then used for the short-time predictions for three annual step ahead (2013–2015). The annual discharge predictions of larger river basins for moderate hydrological conditions show reasonable matching with records expressed as the relative error from –8% to +3%. Irrespective of this, wet and dry periods for the aforementioned river basins show significant departures from annual observations. Also, the smaller river basins display greater deviations up to 26% of the observed annual discharges, whereas the accuracy of annual predictions do not strictly depend on the prevailing hydrological conditions.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

133. Anthropogenic impact on selected oxbow lakes in the Elbe River floodplain

Creator:
Chalupová, Dagmar and Janský, Bohumír
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
oxbow lake, Elbe, flood, water quality, pollution, plankton, heavy metals, sediment, slepé rameno, Labe, povodeň, kvalita vody, znečištění, and těžké kovy
Language:
Slovak
Description:
From the year 2000, the environmental state and the impact of human activities on fluvial lakes in the central part of the Czech section of the Elbe River is evaluated. For that reason, three oxbow lakes were chosen: Lake Labiště pod Opočínkem (east of Pardubice), Lake Doleháj (near Kolín), and Lake Obříství (near Mělník). All of them are situated within an area with a well-developed chemical industry and the nearby lowlands are one of the most intensively farmed areas of the Czech Republic. In spite of the identical origin during the river canalization, major differences were found. E.g. very low oxygen saturation in Opočínek (mean saturation 46 %) was determined. Nutrient concentrations and their seasonal dynamics (nitrites, nitrates, ammoniated ions, and phosphates) differed in each lake as well. The lowest concentrations of heavy metals (Ag, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in sediment were found in the Doleháj. In samples from Obříství after a big flood in September 2002, the Index of Geoaccumulation increased only for Pb and decreased for Hg. This result indicated that the pollution has probably not been occurred during such floods. and Od roku 2000 jsou v oblasti středního Labe hodnoceny přírodní podmínky starých labských ramen a posuzován vliv antropogenní činnosti na ně. Z toho důvodu byly pro výzkum vybrány následující tři slepé opuštěné meandry: Labiště pod Opočínkem (východně od Pardubic), Doleháj (v blízkosti Kolína) a jezero Obříství (v blízkosti Mělníka). Všechna tato fluviální jezera leží v oblasti s velmi rozvinutým chemickým průmyslem, přilehlé nížiny jsou též jedny z nejintenzivněji obdělávaných zemědělských ploch v České republice. Ačkoliv jezera vznikla stejným způsobem při regulacích řeky, byly mezi nimi zjištěny značné rozdíly. Například lokalita Opočínek vykazovala značně nízké hodnoty nasycení vody kyslíkem (průměrné nasycení 46 %). Koncentrace živin a jejich sezónní dynamika (dusitany, dusičnany, amonné ionty a fosforečnany) se též v každém případě lišila. Nejnižší koncentrace těžkých kovů (Ag, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb a Zn) v sedimentu byly zaznamenány v Doleháji. Ve vzorcích z lokality Obříství po velké povodni v roce 2002 se zvýšil geoakumulační index jen v případě Pb, naopak hodnota u Hg poklesla. Výsledky proukázaly nepřítomnost výrazného znečištění po této povodni.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

135. Antiangiogénna terapia v onkológii

Creator:
Kružliak, Peter, Benkovičová, Jana, and Šlapák, Ján
Type:
model:article, article, Text, přehledy, and TEXT
Subject:
lidé, patologická angiogeneze--terapie, and inhibitory angiogeneze--farmakokinetika--škodlivé účinky
Language:
Czech, Slovak, and English
Description:
V súčasnosti jednu z nových vzrušujúcich perspektív v onkológii predstavuje antiangiogénna liečba. Ide o liečbu zameranú na potlačenie uvoľňovania proangiogénnych faktorov, ktoré sa produkujú v bunke alebo voči receptorom pre angiogénne faktory na bunkách endotelu. Tento článok vysvetľuje princípy a aktuálne otázky antiangiogénnej terapie., Antiangiogenic therapy currently represents one of the new exciting prospects in oncology. It is a treatment that is focused on suppression of the release of proangiogenic factors produced in the cell or directed against the receptors for angiogenic factors on endothelial cells. This paper explains the principles and current issues of antiangiogenic therapy., Peter Kružliak, Jana Benkovičová, Ján Šlapák, and Lit.: 9
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

137. Applicability of three complementary relationship models for estimating actual evapotranspiration in urban area

Creator:
Nakamichi, Takeshi and Moroizumi, Toshitsugu
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
CARE model, AA model, MAA model, potential evapotranspiration, urban, and rural
Language:
Slovak
Description:
The characteristics of evapotranspiration estimated by the complementary relationship actual evapotranspiration (CRAE), the advection-aridity (AA), and the modified advection-aridity (MAA) models were investigated in six pairs of rural and urban areas of Japan in order to evaluate the applicability of the three models the urban area. The main results are as follows: 1) The MAA model could apply to estimating the actual evapotranspiration in the urban area. 2) The actual evapotranspirations estimated by the three models were much less in the urban area than in the rural. 3) The difference among the estimated values of evapotranspiration in the urban areas was significant, depending on each model, while the difference among the values in the rural areas was relatively small. 4) All three models underestimated the actual evapotranspiration in the urban areas from humid surfaces where water and green spaces exist. 5) Each model could take the effect of urbanization into account.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

138. Application and comparison of NSGA-II and MOPSO in multi-objective optimization of water resources systems

Creator:
Hojjati, Ali, Monadi, Mohsen, Faridhosseini, Alireza, and Mohammadi, Mirali
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
NSGA-II, MOPSO, multi-objective optimization, flood control, and hydropower
Language:
Slovak
Description:
Optimal operation of reservoir systems is the most important issue in water resources management. It presents a large variety of multi-objective problems that require powerful optimization tools in order to fully characterize the existing trade-offs. Many optimization methods have been applied based on mathematical programming and evolutionary computation (especially heuristic methods) with various degrees of success more recently. This paper presents an implementation and comparison of multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) for the optimal operation of two reservoirs constructed on Ozan River catchment in order to maximize income from power generation and flood control capacity using MATLAB software. The alternative solutions were based on Pareto dominance. The results demonstrated superior capacity of the NSGA-II to optimize the operation of the reservoir system, and it provides better coverage of the true Pareto front than MOPSO.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

139. Application and recalibration of soil water retention pedotransfer functions in a tropical upstream catchment: case study in Bengawan Solo, Indonesia

Creator:
Rustanto, Andry, J. Booij, Martijn, Wösten, Henk, and Y. Hoekstra, Arjen
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
soil-water retention, pedotransfer function recalibration, tropical upstream catchment, and Java Island
Language:
Slovak
Description:
Hydrological models often require input data on soil-water retention (SWR), but obtaining such data is laborious and costly so that SWR in many places remains unknown. To fill the gap, a prediction of SWR using a pedotransfer function (PTF) is one of the alternatives. This study aims to select the most suitable existing PTFs in order to predict SWR for the case of the upper Bengawan Solo (UBS) catchment on Java, Indonesia. Ten point PTFs and two continuous PTFs, which were developed from tropical soils elsewhere, have been applied directly and recalibrated based on a small soil sample set in UBS. Scatter plots and statistical indices of mean error (ME), root mean square error (RMSE), model efficiency (EF) and Pearson’s correlation (r) showed that recalibration using the Shuffled Complex Evolution-University of Arizona (SCE-UA) algorithm can help to improve the prediction of PTFs significantly compared to direct application of PTFs. This study is the first showing that improving SWR-PTFs by recalibration for a new catchment based on around 50 soil samples provides an effective parsimonious alternative to developing a SWR-PTF from specifically collected soil datasets, which typically needs around 100 soil samples or more.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

140. Application of a hydrological-hydraulic modelling cascade in lowlands for investigating water and sediment fluxes in catchment, channel and reach

Creator:
Kiesel, Jens, Schmalz, Britta, Brown, Gary L., and Fohrer, Nicola
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
SWAT, HEC-RAS, AdH, SEDLIB, hydrology, sediment transport, and multiple scales
Language:
Slovak
Description:
This study shows a comprehensive simulation of water and sediment fluxes from the catchment to the reach scale. We describe the application of a modelling cascade in a well researched study catchment through connecting stateof-the-art public domain models in ArcGIS. Three models are used consecutively: (1) the hydrological model SWAT to evaluate water balances, sediment input from fields and tile drains as a function of catchment characteristics; (2) the onedimensional hydraulic model HEC-RAS to depict channel erosion and sedimentation along a 9 km channel onedimensionally; and (3) the two-dimensional hydraulic model AdH for simulating detailed substrate changes in a 230 m long reach section over the course of one year. Model performance for the water fluxes is very good, sediment fluxes and substrate changes are simulated with good agreement to observed data. Improvement of tile drain sediment load, simulation of different substrate deposition events and carrying out data sensitivity tests are suggested as future work. Main advantages that can be deduced from this study are separate representation of field, drain and bank erosion processes; shown adaptability to lowland catchments and transferability to other catchments; usability of the model’s output for habitat assessments.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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