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Creator:
Zeman, Daniel and Droganova, Kira
Publisher:
Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics (UFAL)
Type:
text and corpus
Subject:
semantic dependency and universal dependencies
Language:
Afrikaans , Assyrian Neo-Aramaic , Akkadian , Amharic , Arabic , Belarusian , Breton , Bulgarian , Russia Buriat , Catalan , Czech , Church Slavic , Mandarin Chinese , Coptic , Welsh , Danish , German , Modern Greek (1453-) , English , Estonian , Basque , Faroese , Finnish , French , Irish , Gothic , Ancient Greek (to 1453) , Mbyá Guaraní , Hebrew , Hindi , Croatian , Upper Sorbian , Hungarian , Armenian , Indonesian , Italian , Japanese , Kazakh , Northern Kurdish , Korean , Komi-Zyrian , Karelian , Latin , Latvian , Lithuanian , Literary Chinese , Marathi , Erzya , Dutch , Norwegian , Old Russian , Nigerian Pidgin , Polish , Portuguese , Romanian , Russian , Sanskrit , Slovak , Slovenian , Northern Sami , Spanish , Serbian , Swedish , Tamil , Tagalog , Turkish , Ukrainian , Urdu , Vietnamese , Warlpiri , Wolof , Yoruba , Galician , Bhojpuri , Komi-Permyak , Livvi , Moksha , Scottish Gaelic , Skolt Sami , Icelandic , Albanian , Persian , Akuntsu , Apurinã , Khunsari , Manx , Mundurukú , Nayini , Soi , South Levantine Arabic , and Tupinambá
Description:
Deep Universal Dependencies is a collection of treebanks derived semi-automatically from Universal Dependencies (http://hdl.handle.net/11234/1-3424). It contains additional deep-syntactic and semantic annotations. Version of Deep UD corresponds to the version of UD it is based on. Note however that some UD treebanks have been omitted from Deep UD.
Rights:
Licence Universal Dependencies v2.7 , https://lindat.mff.cuni.cz/repository/xmlui/page/license-ud-2.7 , and PUB
Creator:
Zeman, Daniel and Droganova, Kira
Publisher:
Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics (UFAL)
Type:
text and corpus
Subject:
semantic dependency and universal dependencies
Language:
Afrikaans , Assyrian Neo-Aramaic , Akkadian , Amharic , Arabic , Belarusian , Breton , Bulgarian , Russia Buriat , Catalan , Czech , Church Slavic , Mandarin Chinese , Coptic , Welsh , Danish , German , Modern Greek (1453-) , English , Estonian , Basque , Faroese , Finnish , French , Irish , Gothic , Ancient Greek (to 1453) , Mbyá Guaraní , Hebrew , Hindi , Croatian , Upper Sorbian , Hungarian , Armenian , Indonesian , Italian , Japanese , Kazakh , Northern Kurdish , Korean , Komi-Zyrian , Karelian , Latin , Latvian , Lithuanian , Literary Chinese , Marathi , Erzya , Dutch , Norwegian , Old Russian , Nigerian Pidgin , Polish , Portuguese , Romanian , Russian , Sanskrit , Slovak , Slovenian , Northern Sami , Spanish , Serbian , Swedish , Tamil , Tagalog , Turkish , Ukrainian , Urdu , Vietnamese , Warlpiri , Wolof , Yoruba , Galician , Bhojpuri , Komi-Permyak , Livvi , Moksha , Scottish Gaelic , Skolt Sami , Icelandic , Albanian , Persian , Akuntsu , Apurinã , Khunsari , Manx , Mundurukú , Nayini , Soi , South Levantine Arabic , Tupinambá , Beja , Western Frisian , Urubú-Kaapor , Kangri , K'iche' , Low German , Makuráp , Western Armenian , and Central Siberian Yupik
Description:
Deep Universal Dependencies is a collection of treebanks derived semi-automatically from Universal Dependencies (http://hdl.handle.net/11234/1-3687). It contains additional deep-syntactic and semantic annotations. Version of Deep UD corresponds to the version of UD it is based on. Note however that some UD treebanks have been omitted from Deep UD.
Rights:
Licence Universal Dependencies v2.8 , https://lindat.mff.cuni.cz/repository/xmlui/page/license-ud-2.8 , and PUB
Creator:
Mareček, David , Yu, Zhiwei , Zeman, Daniel , and Žabokrtský, Zdeněk
Publisher:
Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics (UFAL)
Type:
text and corpus
Subject:
part of speech , tagging , semi-supervised , and cross-language
Language:
Belarusian , Bosnian , Bulgarian , Czech , Serbo-Croatian , Croatian , Upper Sorbian , Macedonian , Polish , Russian , Slovak , Slovenian , Serbian , Ukrainian , Latvian , Lithuanian , Afrikaans , Danish , German , English , Faroese , Western Frisian , Swiss German , Icelandic , Limburgan , Luxembourgish , Low German , Dutch , Norwegian Nynorsk , Norwegian , Scots , Swedish , Yiddish , Aragonese , Asturian , Catalan , French , Galician , Haitian , Italian , Latin , Lombard , Neapolitan , Piemontese , Portuguese , Romanian , Spanish , Venetian , Walloon , Breton , Welsh , Scottish Gaelic , Irish , Modern Greek (1453-) , Armenian , Albanian , Dimli (individual language) , Persian , Gilaki , Kurdish , Tajik , Bengali , Bishnupriya , Gujarati , Fiji Hindi , Hindi , Marathi , Nepali (macrolanguage) , Urdu , Amharic , Arabic , Egyptian Arabic , Hebrew , Estonian , Finnish , Hungarian , Basque , Georgian , Chuvash , Azerbaijani , Turkish , Uzbek , Kazakh , Tatar , Yakut , Korean , Mongolian , Telugu , Kannada , Malayalam , Tamil , Newari , Vietnamese , Indonesian , Javanese , Malagasy , Maori , Malay (macrolanguage) , Pampanga , Sundanese , Tagalog , Waray (Philippines) , Swahili (macrolanguage) , Esperanto , Ido , Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) , and Volapük
Description:
Texts in 107 languages from the W2C corpus (http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-097C-0000-0022-6133-9), first 1,000,000 tokens per language, tagged by the delexicalized tagger described in Yu et al. (2016, LREC, Portorož, Slovenia).
Rights:
Creative Commons - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) , http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ , and PUB
Creator:
Mareček, David , Yu, Zhiwei , Zeman, Daniel , and Žabokrtský, Zdeněk
Publisher:
Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics (UFAL)
Type:
text and corpus
Subject:
part of speech , tagging , semi-supervised , and cross-language
Language:
Belarusian , Bosnian , Bulgarian , Czech , Serbo-Croatian , Croatian , Upper Sorbian , Macedonian , Polish , Russian , Slovak , Slovenian , Serbian , Ukrainian , Latvian , Lithuanian , Afrikaans , Danish , German , English , Faroese , Western Frisian , Swiss German , Icelandic , Limburgan , Luxembourgish , Low German , Dutch , Norwegian Nynorsk , Norwegian , Scots , Swedish , Yiddish , Aragonese , Asturian , Catalan , French , Galician , Haitian , Italian , Latin , Lombard , Neapolitan , Piemontese , Portuguese , Romanian , Spanish , Venetian , Walloon , Breton , Welsh , Scottish Gaelic , Irish , Modern Greek (1453-) , Armenian , Albanian , Dimli (individual language) , Persian , Gilaki , Kurdish , Tajik , Bengali , Bishnupriya , Gujarati , Fiji Hindi , Hindi , Marathi , Nepali (macrolanguage) , Urdu , Amharic , Arabic , Egyptian Arabic , Hebrew , Estonian , Finnish , Hungarian , Basque , Georgian , Chuvash , Azerbaijani , Turkish , Uzbek , Kazakh , Tatar , Yakut , Korean , Mongolian , Telugu , Kannada , Malayalam , Tamil , Newari , Vietnamese , Indonesian , Javanese , Malagasy , Maori , Malay (macrolanguage) , Pampanga , Sundanese , Tagalog , Waray (Philippines) , Swahili (macrolanguage) , Esperanto , Ido , Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) , and Volapük
Description:
Texts in 107 languages from the W2C corpus (http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-097C-0000-0022-6133-9), first 1,000,000 tokens per language, tagged by the delexicalized tagger described in Yu et al. (2016, LREC, Portorož, Slovenia).
Changes in version 1.1:
1. Universal Dependencies tagset instead of the older and smaller Google Universal POS tagset.
2. SVM classifier trained on Universal Dependencies 1.2 instead of HamleDT 2.0.
3. Balto-Slavic languages, Germanic languages and Romance languages were tagged by classifier trained only on the respective group of languages. Other languages were tagged by a classifier trained on all available languages. The "c7" combination from version 1.0 is no longer used.
Rights:
Creative Commons - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) , http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ , and PUB
Creator:
Pilika, Dhimitër,
Type:
text and studie
Subject:
Filologie , albanistika , archivy , knihovny , vztahy česko-albánské , Albánie , přehledná zpracování světových dějin (chronologicky) , and dějiny vědy, umění, kultury a techniky, kulturní vztahy
Language:
Albanian
Rights:
unknown
Creator:
Macůrek, Josef,
Type:
text and studie
Subject:
Dějiny Evropy , Skanderbeg, , vztahy česko-albánské , Albánie , světové dějiny středověku (do r. 1492) , politické dějiny, politici , and české země 1419-1471
Language:
Albanian
Rights:
unknown
Creator:
Rosa, Rudolf
Publisher:
Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics (UFAL)
Type:
text and corpus
Subject:
Wikipedia , text corpora , and monolingual corpus
Language:
Abkhazian , Achinese , Adyghe , Afrikaans , Akan , Tosk Albanian , Amharic , Old English (ca. 450-1100) , Arabic , Official Aramaic (700-300 BCE) , Aragonese , Egyptian Arabic , Assamese , Asturian , Atikamekw , Avaric , Aymara , South Azerbaijani , Azerbaijani , Bashkir , Bambara , Bavarian , Central Bikol , Belarusian , Bengali , Bislama , Banjar , Tibetan , Bosnian , Bishnupriya , Breton , Buginese , Bulgarian , Russia Buriat , Catalan , Min Dong Chinese , Cebuano , Czech , Chamorro , Chechen , Cherokee , Church Slavic , Chuvash , Cheyenne , Central Kurdish , Cornish , Corsican , Cree , Crimean Tatar , Kashubian , Welsh , Danish , German , Dinka , Dimli (individual language) , Dhivehi , Lower Sorbian , Dzongkha , Modern Greek (1453-) , English , Esperanto , Estonian , Basque , Ewe , Extremaduran , Faroese , Persian , Fijian , Finnish , French , Arpitan , Northern Frisian , Western Frisian , Fulah , Friulian , Gagauz , Gan Chinese , Scottish Gaelic , Irish , Galician , Gilaki , Manx , Goan Konkani , Gothic , Guarani , Gujarati , Hakka Chinese , Haitian , Hausa , Hawaiian , Serbo-Croatian , Hebrew , Herero , Fiji Hindi , Hindi , Hiri Motu , Croatian , Upper Sorbian , Hungarian , Armenian , Igbo , Ido , Inuktitut , Interlingue , Iloko , Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) , Indonesian , Inupiaq , Icelandic , Italian , Jamaican Creole English , Javanese , Lojban , Japanese , Kara-Kalpak , Kabyle , Kalaallisut , Kannada , Kashmiri , Georgian , Kanuri , Kazakh , Kabardian , Kabiyè , Khmer , Kikuyu , Kinyarwanda , Kirghiz , Komi-Permyak , Komi , Kongo , Korean , Karachay-Balkar , Kölsch , Kurdish , Ladino , Lao , Latin , Latvian , Lak , Lezghian , Ligurian , Limburgan , Lingala , Lithuanian , Lombard , Northern Luri , Latgalian , Luxembourgish , Ganda , Literary Chinese , Marshallese , Maithili , Malayalam , Marathi , Moksha , Eastern Mari , Minangkabau , Macedonian , Malagasy , Maltese , Mongolian , Maori , Western Mari , Malay (macrolanguage) , Creek , Mirandese , Burmese , Erzya , Mazanderani , Min Nan Chinese , Neapolitan , Nauru , Navajo , Ndonga , Low German , Nepali (macrolanguage) , Newari , Dutch , Norwegian Nynorsk , Norwegian , Novial , Pedi , Nyanja , Occitan (post 1500) , Livvi , Oriya (macrolanguage) , Oromo , Ossetian , Pangasinan , Pampanga , Panjabi , Papiamento , Picard , Pennsylvania German , Pfaelzisch , Pitcairn-Norfolk , Pali , Piemontese , Western Panjabi , Pontic , Polish , Portuguese , Pushto , Quechua , Vlax Romani , Romansh , Romanian , Rusyn , Rundi , Macedo-Romanian , Russian , Sango , Yakut , Sanskrit , Sicilian , Scots , Samogitian , Sinhala , Slovak , Slovenian , Northern Sami , Samoan , Shona , Sindhi , Somali , Southern Sotho , Spanish , Albanian , Sardinian , Sranan Tongo , Serbian , Swati , Saterfriesisch , Sundanese , Swahili (macrolanguage) , Swedish , Silesian , Tahitian , Tamil , Tatar , Tulu , Telugu , Tama (Colombia) , Tetum , Tajik , Tagalog , Thai , Tigrinya , Tonga (Tonga Islands) , Tok Pisin , Tswana , Tsonga , Turkmen , Tumbuka , Turkish , Twi , Tuvinian , Udmurt , Uighur , Ukrainian , Urdu , Uzbek , Venetian , Venda , Veps , Vietnamese , Vlaams , Volapük , Võro , Waray (Philippines) , Walloon , Wolof , Wu Chinese , Kalmyk , Xhosa , Mingrelian , Yiddish , Yoruba , Yue Chinese , Zeeuws , Zhuang , Chinese , Zulu , and Dotyali
Description:
Wikipedia plain text data obtained from Wikipedia dumps with WikiExtractor in February 2018.
The data come from all Wikipedias for which dumps could be downloaded at [https://dumps.wikimedia.org/]. This amounts to 297 Wikipedias, usually corresponding to individual languages and identified by their ISO codes. Several special Wikipedias are included, most notably "simple" (Simple English Wikipedia) and "incubator" (tiny hatching Wikipedias in various languages).
For a list of all the Wikipedias, see [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias].
The script which can be used to get new version of the data is included, but note that Wikipedia limits the download speed for downloading a lot of the dumps, so it takes a few days to download all of them (but one or a few can be downloaded fast).
Also, the format of the dumps changes time to time, so the script will probably eventually stop working one day.
The WikiExtractor tool [http://medialab.di.unipi.it/wiki/Wikipedia_Extractor] used to extract text from the Wikipedia dumps is not mine, I only modified it slightly to produce plaintext outputs [https://github.com/ptakopysk/wikiextractor].
Rights:
Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-SA 3.0) , http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ , and PUB
Format:
text/html
Type:
corpus
Language:
Albanian
Description:
ca. 100.000 tokens; linked with relational database; XML-encoding in progress
Rights:
http://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/texte2.htm#Estart
Creator:
Zeman, Daniel , Nivre, Joakim , Abrams, Mitchell , Ackermann, Elia , Aepli, Noëmi , Aghaei, Hamid , Agić, Željko , Ahmadi, Amir , Ahrenberg, Lars , Ajede, Chika Kennedy , Aleksandravičiūtė, Gabrielė , Alfina, Ika , Algom, Avner , Andersen, Erik , Antonsen, Lene , Aplonova, Katya , Aquino, Angelina , Aragon, Carolina , Aranes, Glyd , Aranzabe, Maria Jesus , Arıcan, Bilge Nas , Arnardóttir, Þórunn , Arutie, Gashaw , Arwidarasti, Jessica Naraiswari , Asahara, Masayuki , Aslan, Deniz Baran , Asmazoğlu, Cengiz , Ateyah, Luma , Atmaca, Furkan , Attia, Mohammed , Atutxa, Aitziber , Augustinus, Liesbeth , Badmaeva, Elena , Balasubramani, Keerthana , Ballesteros, Miguel , Banerjee, Esha , Bank, Sebastian , Barbu Mititelu, Verginica , Barkarson, Starkaður , Basile, Rodolfo , Basmov, Victoria , Batchelor, Colin , Bauer, John , Bedir, Seyyit Talha , Bengoetxea, Kepa , Ben Moshe, Yifat , Berk, Gözde , Berzak, Yevgeni , Bhat, Irshad Ahmad , Bhat, Riyaz Ahmad , Biagetti, Erica , Bick, Eckhard , Bielinskienė, Agnė , Bjarnadóttir, Kristín , Blokland, Rogier , Bobicev, Victoria , Boizou, Loïc , Borges Völker, Emanuel , Börstell, Carl , Bosco, Cristina , Bouma, Gosse , Bowman, Sam , Boyd, Adriane , Braggaar, Anouck , Brokaitė, Kristina , Burchardt, Aljoscha , Candito, Marie , Caron, Bernard , Caron, Gauthier , Cassidy, Lauren , Cavalcanti, Tatiana , Cebiroğlu Eryiğit, Gülşen , Cecchini, Flavio Massimiliano , Celano, Giuseppe G. A. , Čéplö, Slavomír , Cesur, Neslihan , Cetin, Savas , Çetinoğlu, Özlem , Chalub, Fabricio , Chauhan, Shweta , Chi, Ethan , Chika, Taishi , Cho, Yongseok , Choi, Jinho , Chun, Jayeol , Chung, Juyeon , Cignarella, Alessandra T. , Cinková, Silvie , Collomb, Aurélie , Çöltekin, Çağrı , Connor, Miriam , Corbetta, Daniela , Courtin, Marine , Cristescu, Mihaela , Daniel, Philemon , Davidson, Elizabeth , Dehouck, Mathieu , de Laurentiis, Martina , de Marneffe, Marie-Catherine , de Paiva, Valeria , Derin, Mehmet Oguz , de Souza, Elvis , Diaz de Ilarraza, Arantza , Dickerson, Carly , Dinakaramani, Arawinda , Di Nuovo, Elisa , Dione, Bamba , Dirix, Peter , Dobrovoljc, Kaja , Dozat, Timothy , Droganova, Kira , Dwivedi, Puneet , Eckhoff, Hanne , Eiche, Sandra , Eli, Marhaba , Elkahky, Ali , Ephrem, Binyam , Erina, Olga , Erjavec, Tomaž , Etienne, Aline , Evelyn, Wograine , Facundes, Sidney , Farkas, Richárd , Favero, Federica , Ferdaousi, Jannatul , Fernanda, Marília , Fernandez Alcalde, Hector , Foster, Jennifer , Freitas, Cláudia , Fujita, Kazunori , Gajdošová, Katarína , Galbraith, Daniel , Gamba, Federica , Garcia, Marcos , Gärdenfors, Moa , Garza, Sebastian , Gerardi, Fabrício Ferraz , Gerdes, Kim , Ginter, Filip , Godoy, Gustavo , Goenaga, Iakes , Gojenola, Koldo , Gökırmak, Memduh , Goldberg, Yoav , Gómez Guinovart, Xavier , González Saavedra, Berta , Griciūtė, Bernadeta , Grioni, Matias , Grobol, Loïc , Grūzītis, Normunds , Guillaume, Bruno , Guillot-Barbance, Céline , Güngör, Tunga , Habash, Nizar , Hafsteinsson, Hinrik , Hajič, Jan , Hajič jr., Jan , Hämäläinen, Mika , Hà Mỹ, Linh , Han, Na-Rae , Hanifmuti, Muhammad Yudistira , Harada, Takahiro , Hardwick, Sam , Harris, Kim , Haug, Dag , Heinecke, Johannes , Hellwig, Oliver , Hennig, Felix , Hladká, Barbora , Hlaváčová, Jaroslava , Hociung, Florinel , Hohle, Petter , Hwang, Jena , Ikeda, Takumi , Ingason, Anton Karl , Ion, Radu , Irimia, Elena , Ishola, Ọlájídé , Ito, Kaoru , Jannat, Siratun , Jelínek, Tomáš , Jha, Apoorva , Johannsen, Anders , Jónsdóttir, Hildur , Jørgensen, Fredrik , Juutinen, Markus , K, Sarveswaran , Kaşıkara, Hüner , Kaasen, Andre , Kabaeva, Nadezhda , Kahane, Sylvain , Kanayama, Hiroshi , Kanerva, Jenna , Kara, Neslihan , Karahóǧa, Ritván , Katz, Boris , Kayadelen, Tolga , Kenney, Jessica , Kettnerová, Václava , Kirchner, Jesse , Klementieva, Elena , Klyachko, Elena , Köhn, Arne , Köksal, Abdullatif , Kopacewicz, Kamil , Korkiakangas, Timo , Köse, Mehmet , Kotsyba, Natalia , Kovalevskaitė, Jolanta , Krek, Simon , Krishnamurthy, Parameswari , Kübler, Sandra , Kuyrukçu, Oğuzhan , Kuzgun, Aslı , Kwak, Sookyoung , Laippala, Veronika , Lam, Lucia , Lambertino, Lorenzo , Lando, Tatiana , Larasati, Septina Dian , Lavrentiev, Alexei , Lee, John , Lê Hồng, Phương , Lenci, Alessandro , Lertpradit, Saran , Leung, Herman , Levina, Maria , Li, Cheuk Ying , Li, Josie , Li, Keying , Li, Yuan , Lim, KyungTae , Lima Padovani, Bruna , Lindén, Krister , Ljubešić, Nikola , Loginova, Olga , Lusito, Stefano , Luthfi, Andry , Luukko, Mikko , Lyashevskaya, Olga , Lynn, Teresa , Macketanz, Vivien , Mahamdi, Menel , Maillard, Jean , Makazhanov, Aibek , Mandl, Michael , Manning, Christopher , Manurung, Ruli , Marşan, Büşra , Mărănduc, Cătălina , Mareček, David , Marheinecke, Katrin , Markantonatou, Stella , Martínez Alonso, Héctor , Martín Rodríguez, Lorena , Martins, André , Mašek, Jan , Matsuda, Hiroshi , Matsumoto, Yuji , Mazzei, Alessandro , McDonald, Ryan , McGuinness, Sarah , Mendonça, Gustavo , Merzhevich, Tatiana , Miekka, Niko , Mischenkova, Karina , Misirpashayeva, Margarita , Missilä, Anna , Mititelu, Cătălin , Mitrofan, Maria , Miyao, Yusuke , Mojiri Foroushani, AmirHossein , Molnár, Judit , Moloodi, Amirsaeid , Montemagni, Simonetta , More, Amir , Moreno Romero, Laura , Moretti, Giovanni , Mori, Keiko Sophie , Mori, Shinsuke , Morioka, Tomohiko , Moro, Shigeki , Mortensen, Bjartur , Moskalevskyi, Bohdan , Muischnek, Kadri , Munro, Robert , Murawaki, Yugo , Müürisep, Kaili , Nainwani, Pinkey , Nakhlé, Mariam , Navarro Horñiacek, Juan Ignacio , Nedoluzhko, Anna , Nešpore-Bērzkalne, Gunta , Nevaci, Manuela , Nguyễn Thị, Lương , Nguyễn Thị Minh, Huyền , Nikaido, Yoshihiro , Nikolaev, Vitaly , Nitisaroj, Rattima , Nourian, Alireza , Nurmi, Hanna , Ojala, Stina , Ojha, Atul Kr. , Olúòkun, Adédayọ̀ , Omura, Mai , Onwuegbuzia, Emeka , Ordan, Noam , Osenova, Petya , Östling, Robert , Øvrelid, Lilja , Özateş, Şaziye Betül , Özçelik, Merve , Özgür, Arzucan , Öztürk Başaran, Balkız , Paccosi, Teresa , Palmero Aprosio, Alessio , Park, Hyunji Hayley , Partanen, Niko , Pascual, Elena , Passarotti, Marco , Patejuk, Agnieszka , Paulino-Passos, Guilherme , Pedonese, Giulia , Peljak-Łapińska, Angelika , Peng, Siyao , Perez, Cenel-Augusto , Perkova, Natalia , Perrier, Guy , Petrov, Slav , Petrova, Daria , Peverelli, Andrea , Phelan, Jason , Piitulainen, Jussi , Pirinen, Tommi A , Pitler, Emily , Plank, Barbara , Poibeau, Thierry , Ponomareva, Larisa , Popel, Martin , Pretkalniņa, Lauma , Prévost, Sophie , Prokopidis, Prokopis , Przepiórkowski, Adam , Puolakainen, Tiina , Pyysalo, Sampo , Qi, Peng , Rääbis, Andriela , Rademaker, Alexandre , Rahoman, Mizanur , Rama, Taraka , Ramasamy, Loganathan , Ramisch, Carlos , Rashel, Fam , Rasooli, Mohammad Sadegh , Ravishankar, Vinit , Real, Livy , Rebeja, Petru , Reddy, Siva , Regnault, Mathilde , Rehm, Georg , Riabov, Ivan , Rießler, Michael , Rimkutė, Erika , Rinaldi, Larissa , Rituma, Laura , Rizqiyah, Putri , Rocha, Luisa , Rögnvaldsson, Eiríkur , Romanenko, Mykhailo , Rosa, Rudolf , Roșca, Valentin , Rovati, Davide , Rozonoyer, Ben , Rudina, Olga , Rueter, Jack , Rúnarsson, Kristján , Sadde, Shoval , Safari, Pegah , Sagot, Benoît , Sahala, Aleksi , Saleh, Shadi , Salomoni, Alessio , Samardžić, Tanja , Samson, Stephanie , Sanguinetti, Manuela , Sanıyar, Ezgi , Särg, Dage , Saulīte, Baiba , Sawanakunanon, Yanin , Saxena, Shefali , Scannell, Kevin , Scarlata, Salvatore , Schneider, Nathan , Schuster, Sebastian , Schwartz, Lane , Seddah, Djamé , Seeker, Wolfgang , Seraji, Mojgan , Shahzadi, Syeda , Shen, Mo , Shimada, Atsuko , Shirasu, Hiroyuki , Shishkina, Yana , Shohibussirri, Muh , Sichinava, Dmitry , Siewert, Janine , Sigurðsson, Einar Freyr , Silveira, Aline , Silveira, Natalia , Simi, Maria , Simionescu, Radu , Simkó, Katalin , Šimková, Mária , Simov, Kiril , Skachedubova, Maria , Smith, Aaron , Soares-Bastos, Isabela , Sourov, Shafi , Spadine, Carolyn , Sprugnoli, Rachele , Stamou, Vivian , Steingrímsson, Steinþór , Stella, Antonio , Straka, Milan , Strickland, Emmett , Strnadová, Jana , Suhr, Alane , Sulestio, Yogi Lesmana , Sulubacak, Umut , Suzuki, Shingo , Swanson, Daniel , Szántó, Zsolt , Taguchi, Chihiro , Taji, Dima , Takahashi, Yuta , Tamburini, Fabio , Tan, Mary Ann C. , Tanaka, Takaaki , Tanaya, Dipta , Tavoni, Mirko , Tella, Samson , Tellier, Isabelle , Testori, Marinella , Thomas, Guillaume , Tonelli, Sara , Torga, Liisi , Toska, Marsida , Trosterud, Trond , Trukhina, Anna , Tsarfaty, Reut , Türk, Utku , Tyers, Francis , Uematsu, Sumire , Untilov, Roman , Urešová, Zdeňka , Uria, Larraitz , Uszkoreit, Hans , Utka, Andrius , Vagnoni, Elena , Vajjala, Sowmya , van der Goot, Rob , Vanhove, Martine , van Niekerk, Daniel , van Noord, Gertjan , Varga, Viktor , Vedenina, Uliana , Villemonte de la Clergerie, Eric , Vincze, Veronika , Vlasova, Natalia , Wakasa, Aya , Wallenberg, Joel C. , Wallin, Lars , Walsh, Abigail , Wang, Jing Xian , Washington, Jonathan North , Wendt, Maximilan , Widmer, Paul , Wigderson, Shira , Wijono, Sri Hartati , Williams, Seyi , Wirén, Mats , Wittern, Christian , Woldemariam, Tsegay , Wong, Tak-sum , Wróblewska, Alina , Yako, Mary , Yamashita, Kayo , Yamazaki, Naoki , Yan, Chunxiao , Yasuoka, Koichi , Yavrumyan, Marat M. , Yenice, Arife Betül , Yıldız, Olcay Taner , Yu, Zhuoran , Yuliawati, Arlisa , Žabokrtský, Zdeněk , Zahra, Shorouq , Zeldes, Amir , Zhou, He , Zhu, Hanzhi , Zhuravleva, Anna , and Ziane, Rayan
Publisher:
Universal Dependencies Consortium
Type:
text and corpus
Subject:
treebank , dependency , syntax , morphology , harmonized annotation , interset , universal tagset , and stanford dependencies
Language:
Ancient Greek (to 1453) , Arabic , Basque , Bulgarian , Croatian , Czech , Danish , Dutch , English , Estonian , Finnish , French , German , Gothic , Modern Greek (1453-) , Hebrew , Hindi , Hungarian , Indonesian , Irish , Italian , Japanese , Latin , Norwegian , Church Slavic , Persian , Polish , Portuguese , Romanian , Slovenian , Spanish , Swedish , Tamil , Catalan , Chinese , Galician , Kazakh , Latvian , Russian , Turkish , Coptic , Sanskrit , Slovak , Ukrainian , Uighur , Vietnamese , Belarusian , Korean , Lithuanian , Urdu , Russia Buriat , Northern Kurdish , Northern Sami , Upper Sorbian , Afrikaans , Yue Chinese , Marathi , Serbian , Swedish Sign Language , Telugu , Amharic , Armenian , Breton , Faroese , Komi-Zyrian , Nigerian Pidgin , Old French (842-ca. 1400) , Tagalog , Thai , Warlpiri , Yoruba , Akkadian , Bambara , Erzya , Maltese , Welsh , Wolof , Assyrian Neo-Aramaic , Literary Chinese , Old Russian , Karelian , Mbyá Guaraní , Bhojpuri , Komi-Permyak , Livvi , Moksha , Scottish Gaelic , Skolt Sami , Swiss German , Albanian , Icelandic , Akuntsu , Apurinã , Chukot , Khunsari , Manx , Mundurukú , Nayini , Old Turkish , Soi , South Levantine Arabic , Tupinambá , Beja , Western Frisian , Guajajára , Urubú-Kaapor , Kangri , K'iche' , Low German , Makuráp , Central Siberian Yupik , Western Armenian , Bengali , Javanese , Karo (Brazil) , Ligurian , Neapolitan , Tatar , Xibe , Yakut , Ancient Hebrew , Cebuano , Guarani , Hittite , Madi , Emerillon , and Umbrian
Description:
Universal Dependencies is a project that seeks to develop cross-linguistically consistent treebank annotation for many languages, with the goal of facilitating multilingual parser development, cross-lingual learning, and parsing research from a language typology perspective. The annotation scheme is based on (universal) Stanford dependencies (de Marneffe et al., 2006, 2008, 2014), Google universal part-of-speech tags (Petrov et al., 2012), and the Interset interlingua for morphosyntactic tagsets (Zeman, 2008).
Rights:
Licence Universal Dependencies v2.10 , https://lindat.mff.cuni.cz/repository/xmlui/page/license-ud-2.10 , and PUB
Creator:
Zeman, Daniel , Nivre, Joakim , Abrams, Mitchell , Ackermann, Elia , Aepli, Noëmi , Aghaei, Hamid , Agić, Željko , Ahmadi, Amir , Ahrenberg, Lars , Ajede, Chika Kennedy , Akkurt, Salih Furkan , Aleksandravičiūtė, Gabrielė , Alfina, Ika , Algom, Avner , Alzetta, Chiara , Andersen, Erik , Antonsen, Lene , Aplonova, Katya , Aquino, Angelina , Aragon, Carolina , Aranes, Glyd , Aranzabe, Maria Jesus , Arıcan, Bilge Nas , Arnardóttir, Þórunn , Arutie, Gashaw , Arwidarasti, Jessica Naraiswari , Asahara, Masayuki , Ásgeirsdóttir, Katla , Aslan, Deniz Baran , Asmazoğlu, Cengiz , Ateyah, Luma , Atmaca, Furkan , Attia, Mohammed , Atutxa, Aitziber , Augustinus, Liesbeth , Badmaeva, Elena , Balasubramani, Keerthana , Ballesteros, Miguel , Banerjee, Esha , Bank, Sebastian , Barbu Mititelu, Verginica , Barkarson, Starkaður , Basile, Rodolfo , Basmov, Victoria , Batchelor, Colin , Bauer, John , Bedir, Seyyit Talha , Belieni, Juan , Bengoetxea, Kepa , Ben Moshe, Yifat , Berk, Gözde , Berzak, Yevgeni , Bhat, Irshad Ahmad , Bhat, Riyaz Ahmad , Biagetti, Erica , Bick, Eckhard , Bielinskienė, Agnė , Bjarnadóttir, Kristín , Blokland, Rogier , Bobicev, Victoria , Boizou, Loïc , Borges Völker, Emanuel , Börstell, Carl , Bosco, Cristina , Bouma, Gosse , Bowman, Sam , Boyd, Adriane , Braggaar, Anouck , Brokaitė, Kristina , Burchardt, Aljoscha , Candito, Marie , Caron, Bernard , Caron, Gauthier , Cassidy, Lauren , Castro, Maria Clara , Cavalcanti, Tatiana , Cebiroğlu Eryiğit, Gülşen , Cecchini, Flavio Massimiliano , Celano, Giuseppe G. A. , Čéplö, Slavomír , Cesur, Neslihan , Cetin, Savas , Çetinoğlu, Özlem , Chalub, Fabricio , Chamila, Liyanage , Chauhan, Shweta , Chi, Ethan , Chika, Taishi , Cho, Yongseok , Choi, Jinho , Chun, Jayeol , Chung, Juyeon , Cignarella, Alessandra T. , Cinková, Silvie , Collomb, Aurélie , Çöltekin, Çağrı , Connor, Miriam , Corbetta, Daniela , Courtin, Marine , Cristescu, Mihaela , Daniel, Philemon , Davidson, Elizabeth , de Alencar, Leonel Figueiredo , Dehouck, Mathieu , de Laurentiis, Martina , de Marneffe, Marie-Catherine , de Paiva, Valeria , Derin, Mehmet Oguz , de Souza, Elvis , Diaz de Ilarraza, Arantza , Dickerson, Carly , Dinakaramani, Arawinda , Di Nuovo, Elisa , Dione, Bamba , Dirix, Peter , Dobrovoljc, Kaja , Dozat, Timothy , Droganova, Kira , Dwivedi, Puneet , Ebert, Christian , Eckhoff, Hanne , Eiche, Sandra , Eli, Marhaba , Elkahky, Ali , Ephrem, Binyam , Erina, Olga , Erjavec, Tomaž , Etienne, Aline , Evelyn, Wograine , Facundes, Sidney , Farkas, Richárd , Favero, Federica , Ferdaousi, Jannatul , Fernanda, Marília , Fernandez Alcalde, Hector , Foster, Jennifer , Freitas, Cláudia , Fujita, Kazunori , Gajdošová, Katarína , Galbraith, Daniel , Gamba, Federica , Garcia, Marcos , Gärdenfors, Moa , Garza, Sebastian , Gerardi, Fabrício Ferraz , Gerdes, Kim , Ginter, Filip , Godoy, Gustavo , Goenaga, Iakes , Gojenola, Koldo , Gökırmak, Memduh , Goldberg, Yoav , Gómez Guinovart, Xavier , González Saavedra, Berta , Griciūtė, Bernadeta , Grioni, Matias , Grobol, Loïc , Grūzītis, Normunds , Guillaume, Bruno , Guillot-Barbance, Céline , Güngör, Tunga , Habash, Nizar , Hafsteinsson, Hinrik , Hajič, Jan , Hajič jr., Jan , Hämäläinen, Mika , Hà Mỹ, Linh , Han, Na-Rae , Hanifmuti, Muhammad Yudistira , Harada, Takahiro , Hardwick, Sam , Harris, Kim , Haug, Dag , Heinecke, Johannes , Hellwig, Oliver , Hennig, Felix , Hladká, Barbora , Hlaváčová, Jaroslava , Hociung, Florinel , Hohle, Petter , Huerta Mendez, Marivel , Hwang, Jena , Ikeda, Takumi , Ingason, Anton Karl , Ion, Radu , Irimia, Elena , Ishola, Ọlájídé , Islamaj, Artan , Ito, Kaoru , Jannat, Siratun , Jelínek, Tomáš , Jha, Apoorva , Jiang, Katharine , Johannsen, Anders , Jónsdóttir, Hildur , Jørgensen, Fredrik , Juutinen, Markus , Kaşıkara, Hüner , Kaasen, Andre , Kabaeva, Nadezhda , Kahane, Sylvain , Kanayama, Hiroshi , Kanerva, Jenna , Kara, Neslihan , Karahóǧa, Ritván , Katz, Boris , Kayadelen, Tolga , Kengatharaiyer, Sarveswaran , Kenney, Jessica , Kettnerová, Václava , Kirchner, Jesse , Klementieva, Elena , Klyachko, Elena , Köhn, Arne , Köksal, Abdullatif , Kopacewicz, Kamil , Korkiakangas, Timo , Köse, Mehmet , Koshevoy, Alexey , Kotsyba, Natalia , Kovalevskaitė, Jolanta , Krek, Simon , Krishnamurthy, Parameswari , Kübler, Sandra , Kuqi, Adrian , Kuyrukçu, Oğuzhan , Kuzgun, Aslı , Kwak, Sookyoung , Laippala, Veronika , Lam, Lucia , Lambertino, Lorenzo , Lando, Tatiana , Larasati, Septina Dian , Lavrentiev, Alexei , Lee, John , Lê Hồng, Phương , Lenci, Alessandro , Lertpradit, Saran , Leung, Herman , Levina, Maria , Li, Cheuk Ying , Li, Josie , Li, Keying , Li, Yixuan , Li, Yuan , Lim, KyungTae , Lima Padovani, Bruna , Lindén, Krister , Ljubešić, Nikola , Loginova, Olga , Lusito, Stefano , Luthfi, Andry , Luukko, Mikko , Lyashevskaya, Olga , Lynn, Teresa , Macketanz, Vivien , Mahamdi, Menel , Maillard, Jean , Makarchuk, Ilya , Makazhanov, Aibek , Mandl, Michael , Manning, Christopher , Manurung, Ruli , Marşan, Büşra , Mărănduc, Cătălina , Mareček, David , Marheinecke, Katrin , Markantonatou, Stella , Martínez Alonso, Héctor , Martín Rodríguez, Lorena , Martins, André , Mašek, Jan , Matsuda, Hiroshi , Matsumoto, Yuji , Mazzei, Alessandro , McDonald, Ryan , McGuinness, Sarah , Mendonça, Gustavo , Merzhevich, Tatiana , Miekka, Niko , Mischenkova, Karina , Misirpashayeva, Margarita , Missilä, Anna , Mititelu, Cătălin , Mitrofan, Maria , Miyao, Yusuke , Mojiri Foroushani, AmirHossein , Molnár, Judit , Moloodi, Amirsaeid , Montemagni, Simonetta , More, Amir , Moreno Romero, Laura , Moretti, Giovanni , Mori, Keiko Sophie , Mori, Shinsuke , Morioka, Tomohiko , Moro, Shigeki , Mortensen, Bjartur , Moskalevskyi, Bohdan , Muischnek, Kadri , Munro, Robert , Murawaki, Yugo , Müürisep, Kaili , Nainwani, Pinkey , Nakhlé, Mariam , Navarro Horñiacek, Juan Ignacio , Nedoluzhko, Anna , Nešpore-Bērzkalne, Gunta , Nevaci, Manuela , Nguyễn Thị, Lương , Nguyễn Thị Minh, Huyền , Nikaido, Yoshihiro , Nikolaev, Vitaly , Nitisaroj, Rattima , Nourian, Alireza , Nurmi, Hanna , Ojala, Stina , Ojha, Atul Kr. , Óladóttir, Hulda , Olúòkun, Adédayọ̀ , Omura, Mai , Onwuegbuzia, Emeka , Ordan, Noam , Osenova, Petya , Östling, Robert , Øvrelid, Lilja , Özateş, Şaziye Betül , Özçelik, Merve , Özgür, Arzucan , Öztürk Başaran, Balkız , Paccosi, Teresa , Palmero Aprosio, Alessio , Panova, Anastasia , Park, Hyunji Hayley , Partanen, Niko , Pascual, Elena , Passarotti, Marco , Patejuk, Agnieszka , Paulino-Passos, Guilherme , Pedonese, Giulia , Peljak-Łapińska, Angelika , Peng, Siyao , Perez, Cenel-Augusto , Perkova, Natalia , Perrier, Guy , Petrov, Slav , Petrova, Daria , Peverelli, Andrea , Phelan, Jason , Piitulainen, Jussi , Pintucci, Rodrigo , Pirinen, Tommi A , Pitler, Emily , Plamada, Magdalena , Plank, Barbara , Poibeau, Thierry , Ponomareva, Larisa , Popel, Martin , Pretkalniņa, Lauma , Prévost, Sophie , Prokopidis, Prokopis , Przepiórkowski, Adam , Pugh, Robert , Puolakainen, Tiina , Pyysalo, Sampo , Qi, Peng , Rääbis, Andriela , Rademaker, Alexandre , Rahoman, Mizanur , Rama, Taraka , Ramasamy, Loganathan , Ramisch, Carlos , Rashel, Fam , Rasooli, Mohammad Sadegh , Ravishankar, Vinit , Real, Livy , Rebeja, Petru , Reddy, Siva , Regnault, Mathilde , Rehm, Georg , Riabov, Ivan , Rießler, Michael , Rimkutė, Erika , Rinaldi, Larissa , Rituma, Laura , Rizqiyah, Putri , Rocha, Luisa , Rögnvaldsson, Eiríkur , Roksandic, Ivan , Romanenko, Mykhailo , Rosa, Rudolf , Roșca, Valentin , Rovati, Davide , Rozonoyer, Ben , Rudina, Olga , Rueter, Jack , Rúnarsson, Kristján , Sadde, Shoval , Safari, Pegah , Sagot, Benoît , Sahala, Aleksi , Saleh, Shadi , Salomoni, Alessio , Samardžić, Tanja , Samson, Stephanie , Sanguinetti, Manuela , Sanıyar, Ezgi , Särg, Dage , Sartor, Marta , Sasaki, Mitsuya , Saulīte, Baiba , Sawanakunanon, Yanin , Saxena, Shefali , Scannell, Kevin , Scarlata, Salvatore , Schneider, Nathan , Schuster, Sebastian , Schwartz, Lane , Seddah, Djamé , Seeker, Wolfgang , Seraji, Mojgan , Shahzadi, Syeda , Shen, Mo , Shimada, Atsuko , Shirasu, Hiroyuki , Shishkina, Yana , Shohibussirri, Muh , Shvedova, Maria , Siewert, Janine , Sigurðsson, Einar Freyr , Silva, João Ricardo , Silveira, Aline , Silveira, Natalia , Simi, Maria , Simionescu, Radu , Simkó, Katalin , Šimková, Mária , Símonarson, Haukur Barri , Simov, Kiril , Sitchinava, Dmitri , Skachedubova, Maria , Smith, Aaron , Soares-Bastos, Isabela , Sonnenhauser, Barbara , Sourov, Shafi , Spadine, Carolyn , Sprugnoli, Rachele , Stamou, Vivian , Steingrímsson, Steinþór , Stella, Antonio , Stephen, Abishek , Straka, Milan , Strickland, Emmett , Strnadová, Jana , Suhr, Alane , Sulestio, Yogi Lesmana , Sulubacak, Umut , Suzuki, Shingo , Swanson, Daniel , Szántó, Zsolt , Taguchi, Chihiro , Taji, Dima , Takahashi, Yuta , Tamburini, Fabio , Tan, Mary Ann C. , Tanaka, Takaaki , Tanaya, Dipta , Tavoni, Mirko , Tella, Samson , Tellier, Isabelle , Testori, Marinella , Thomas, Guillaume , Tonelli, Sara , Torga, Liisi , Toska, Marsida , Trosterud, Trond , Trukhina, Anna , Tsarfaty, Reut , Türk, Utku , Tyers, Francis , Þórðarson, Sveinbjörn , Þorsteinsson, Vilhjálmur , Uematsu, Sumire , Untilov, Roman , Urešová, Zdeňka , Uria, Larraitz , Uszkoreit, Hans , Utka, Andrius , Vagnoni, Elena , Vajjala, Sowmya , van der Goot, Rob , Vanhove, Martine , van Niekerk, Daniel , van Noord, Gertjan , Varga, Viktor , Vedenina, Uliana , Venturi, Giulia , Villemonte de la Clergerie, Eric , Vincze, Veronika , Vlasova, Natalia , Wakasa, Aya , Wallenberg, Joel C. , Wallin, Lars , Walsh, Abigail , Wang, Jing Xian , Washington, Jonathan North , Wendt, Maximilan , Widmer, Paul , Wigderson, Shira , Wijono, Sri Hartati , Wille, Vanessa Berwanger , Williams, Seyi , Wirén, Mats , Wittern, Christian , Woldemariam, Tsegay , Wong, Tak-sum , Wróblewska, Alina , Yako, Mary , Yamashita, Kayo , Yamazaki, Naoki , Yan, Chunxiao , Yasuoka, Koichi , Yavrumyan, Marat M. , Yenice, Arife Betül , Yıldız, Olcay Taner , Yu, Zhuoran , Yuliawati, Arlisa , Žabokrtský, Zdeněk , Zahra, Shorouq , Zeldes, Amir , Zhou, He , Zhu, Hanzhi , Zhuravleva, Anna , and Ziane, Rayan
Publisher:
Universal Dependencies Consortium
Type:
text and corpus
Subject:
treebank , dependency , syntax , morphology , harmonized annotation , interset , universal tagset , and stanford dependencies
Language:
Ancient Greek (to 1453) , Arabic , Basque , Bulgarian , Croatian , Czech , Danish , Dutch , English , Estonian , Finnish , French , German , Gothic , Modern Greek (1453-) , Hebrew , Hindi , Hungarian , Indonesian , Irish , Italian , Japanese , Latin , Norwegian , Church Slavic , Persian , Polish , Portuguese , Romanian , Slovenian , Spanish , Swedish , Tamil , Catalan , Chinese , Galician , Kazakh , Latvian , Russian , Turkish , Coptic , Sanskrit , Slovak , Ukrainian , Uighur , Vietnamese , Belarusian , Korean , Lithuanian , Urdu , Russia Buriat , Northern Kurdish , Northern Sami , Upper Sorbian , Afrikaans , Yue Chinese , Marathi , Serbian , Swedish Sign Language , Telugu , Amharic , Armenian , Breton , Faroese , Komi-Zyrian , Nigerian Pidgin , Old French (842-ca. 1400) , Tagalog , Thai , Warlpiri , Yoruba , Akkadian , Bambara , Erzya , Maltese , Welsh , Wolof , Assyrian Neo-Aramaic , Literary Chinese , Old Russian , Karelian , Mbyá Guaraní , Bhojpuri , Komi-Permyak , Livvi , Moksha , Scottish Gaelic , Skolt Sami , Swiss German , Albanian , Icelandic , Akuntsu , Apurinã , Chukot , Khunsari , Manx , Mundurukú , Nayini , Old Turkish , Soi , South Levantine Arabic , Tupinambá , Beja , Western Frisian , Guajajára , Urubú-Kaapor , Kangri , K'iche' , Low German , Makuráp , Central Siberian Yupik , Western Armenian , Bengali , Javanese , Karo (Brazil) , Ligurian , Neapolitan , Tatar , Xibe , Yakut , Ancient Hebrew , Cebuano , Guarani , Hittite , Madi , Emerillon , Umbrian , Abaza , Gheg Albanian , Malayalam , Nhengatu , Sinhala , Zacatlán-Ahuacatlán-Tepetzintla Nahuatl , Xavánte , and Saya
Description:
Universal Dependencies is a project that seeks to develop cross-linguistically consistent treebank annotation for many languages, with the goal of facilitating multilingual parser development, cross-lingual learning, and parsing research from a language typology perspective. The annotation scheme is based on (universal) Stanford dependencies (de Marneffe et al., 2006, 2008, 2014), Google universal part-of-speech tags (Petrov et al., 2012), and the Interset interlingua for morphosyntactic tagsets (Zeman, 2008).
Rights:
Licence Universal Dependencies v2.11 , https://lindat.mff.cuni.cz/repository/xmlui/page/license-ud-2.11 , and PUB