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Start Over Creator Pelouch, V.

3. Molecular aspects of regulation of cardiac contraction

Creator:
Pelouch, V.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
contractility of myocardium, isomyosins, contractile proteins, regulatory proteins, modulatory proteins, collagen, extracellular matrix proteins, and cardiac hypoxia
Language:
English
Description:
Contractility of the myocardium is determined by the interaction of contractile (actin and myosin) and regulatory (troponin and tropomyosin) proteins in the presence of calcium ions and chemical energy. The formation of the actomyosin complex is affected by the modulatory (C-, F-, M-proteins, actinins) and interstitial proteins (different types of collagens, glycoproteins, glycosaminoglycans, elastins). Cardiac hypoxia is accompanied by qualitative and quantitative changes in both collagenous (change in the proportion of different extracellular matrix proteins) and non-collagenous proteins (formation of different isomyosins and isoforms of actins or regulatory proteins). This remodelling of cardiac musculature influences significantly the process of contraction and relaxation in the hypoxic myocardium.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

4. Ontogenetic differences in cardiopulmonary adaptation to chronic hypoxia

Creator:
Ošťádal, B., Kolář, F., Pelouch, V., and Widimský, J.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
ontogeny, rat, adaptation, chronic hypoxia, right ventricle, and pulmonary hypertension
Language:
English
Description:
Cardiopulmonary adaptation to chronic hypoxia was compared in rats exposed to simulated high altitude (barochamber, 8 h per day, 5 days a week, stepwise up to 7000 m, a total of 24 exposures) either from the 4th day or the 12th week of postnatal life. Pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular (RV) enlargement were comparable in both age groups. Whereas in young hypoxic animals the individual values of RV weight increased linearly with a rise of RV pressure (r=0.72), no significant correlation was found in adult rats. Chronic hypoxia increased the concentration of cardiac collagenous proteins; this effect was more pronounced in adult animals. On the other hand, the collagen l/lll ratio was markedly lower in young rats suggesting increased synthesis of collagen III in this age group. A protective effect of adaptation, i.e. increased cardiac resistance to acute hypoxic injury, was similar in both age groups and persisted even 4 months after removal of animals from the hypoxic atmosphere.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

5. Phospholipid composition in the rat heart exposed to pressure overload from birth

Creator:
mrnka, L., Nováková, O., Pelouch, V., and Novák, F.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
myocardium, pressure overload, aorta banding, hypertrophy, postnatal development, phospholipids, and plasmalogens
Language:
English
Description:
A pressure overload was induced in 2-day-old male rats by abdominal aortic constriction, and the phospholipid composition of the left ventricle (LV) and the right ventricle (RV) were determined. Sixty days after the surgery, body weights was lower and LV weight were higher in aorta-constricted (AC) rats in comparison with sham- operated animals. Increased ventricular/body weight ratios indicated a significant degree of hypertrophy of LV and smaller hypertrophy of RV. The concentrations of total phospholipids (PL), choline phosphoglycerides (PC), ethanolamine phosphoglycerides (PE), diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG) and phosphatidylinositol (PI) were decreased in both ventricles of AC rats. The concentrations of sphingomyelin (SM) and plasmalogen PE (PLPE) increased in LV only. The changes in phospholipid composition in the developing pressure-overloaded myocardium may contribute to altered membrane functions connected with heart hypertrophy.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

6. Phospholipid Composition of Myocardium in Children with Normoxemic and Hypoxemic Congenital Heart Diseases

Creator:
Hamplová, B., Pelouch, V., Nováková, O., Škovránek, J., Hučín, B., and Novák, F.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Phospholipids, Human myocardium, Congenital heart disease, Ventricle, and Atrium
Language:
English
Description:
Samples of myocardial tissue were obtained during cardiac surgery from children operated for different types of normoxemic and hypoxemic congenital heart diseases. The phospholipid composition was analyzed by thin layer chromatography. The concentration of total phospholipids (PL), phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) was found lower in atrial tissue of both normoxemic and hypoxemic groups in comparison with the ventricles. When comparing the difference between hypoxemic and normoxemic defects, hypoxemia was found to increase the concentration of total PL, PE and phosphatidylserine in ventricles and total PL and PE in the atria. The increased level of particular phospholipid species may represent adaptive mechanisms to hypoxemia in children with congenital heart diseases.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

7. Protein profiling of human atrial and ventricular musculature: the effect of normoxaemia and hypoxaemia in congenital heart diseases

Creator:
Pelouch, V., Milerová, M., Ošťádal, B., Šamánek, M., and Hučín, B.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
protein profiling of cardiac muscle, contractile proteins, collagenous proteins, ATPase of atrial and ventricular myosin, congenital heart disease, tetralogy of Fallot, ventricular septal defect, and atrial septal defect
Language:
English
Description:
Samples of myocardial tissue were obtained during surgical intervention from children operated for different types of congenital heart disease (tetralogy of Fallot, ventricular and atrial septal defect). Sarcoplasmic, contractile and collagenous proteins were isolated by stepwise extraction from the both right ventricular and atrial musculature. It has been found that: a) the concentration of contractile proteins is significantly higher in the ventricles, b) the concentration of collagenous proteins is significantly higher in the atrium, c) the concentration of sarcoplasmic proteins was not different, d) in children with chronic hypoxia the above atrio-ventricular differences persisted. Moreover, the proportion of the soluble collagenous fraction in the atria was significantly increased.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

8. Protein profiling of the myocardium exposed to pressure overload from birth

Creator:
Černohorský, J., Pelouch, V., Milerová, M., and Ošťádal, B.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
myocardium, pressure overload, aorta banding, types of collagen, myosin light chains, protein profile, collagenous proteins, and non-collagenous proteins
Language:
English
Description:
Aortic banding induced in 2-day-old (A2) and 6-day-old (A6) male rats increased the left ventricular (LV) weight after 60 days; right ventricular (RV) enlargement occurred in the A2 group only. The concentration of collagenous proteins in the LV was elevated in both experimental groups (more in the A2 rats) at the expenses of sarcoplasmic proteins. Aortic banding also affected the proportion of collagen types (lower collagen I, higher collagen 111, V) and myosin light chains (higher LC1/LC2) in the LV. Similar changes of proteins in the RV were less pronounced.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

9. The inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme attenuates the effects of chronic hypoxia on pulmonary blood vessels in the rat

Creator:
Herget, J., Pelouch, V., Kolář, F., and Ošťádal, B.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
pulmonary hypertension, collagen, chronic hypoxia, angiotensin II, and angiotensin converting enzyme
Language:
English
Description:
The effect of chronic administration of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor on the development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension was studied in rats. Male Wistar rats were exposed for 3 weeks to isobaric hypoxia (10 % O2) and treated with 10 mg/kg b.w. of Ramipril daily. The haemodynamic properties of the pulmonary vasculature were then measured in isolated blood-perfused lung preparation. Ramipril administration during the sojourn in hypoxia resulted in lower baseline perfusion pressure and lower slope of perfusion pressure-flow relationship compared to non-treated hypoxic rats. Partitioning of the distribution of pulmonary vascular resistance across the vascular bed by the occlusion technique showed that it was mainly due to a decrease of arterial and venous vascular resistances to blood flow. It is suggested that Ramipril attenuates the process of morphological reconstruction of pulmonary vasculature by chronic hypoxia rather than the level of vascular smooth muscle tone.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public