It has been shown that besides positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging; contrast echocardiography can be used for qualitative and quantitative myocardial perfusion assessment. In this review, the properties of ultrasound contrast agents, imaging techniques and acquisition methods are shortly described and the possibilities of perfusion echocardiography are summarized. The main focus is put on the description of three perfusion models: mathematical models, physical models assuming an ideal inflow and physical models including inflow measurement., R. Kolář ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Most people worldwide suffer from dental caries. Only a small part of the population is caries-resistant and the reason for this resistance in unknown. Only a few studies compared the saliva pro-tein composition of persons with carious teeth and persons ith no caries. Our study is the first to relate proteomic analysis of the caries aetiology with gender. In this study, we compared the differences in the abundances of proteins in the saliva between caries-resistant and caries-susceptible females and males by nano-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spec-trometry (Label-Free Quantitative Proteomics). Our results demonstrate that the observed differences in the protein levels might have an influence on anti-caries resistance. A total of 19 potential markers of tooth caries were found, for example proteins S100A8 and annexin A1 with higher expression in the caries-susceptible group in comparison with the caries-free group and mucin-5B, lactoferrin, lysozyme C with higher expression in the caries-free group in
comparison with the caries-susceptible group. The presented study is the first complex proteomic and gender project where the saliva protein content of caries-free and caries-susceptible persons were compared by label-free MS. The newly detected potential protein markers of dental caries can be a good basis for further research and for possible future therapeutic use. and Corresponding author: Lucie Kulhavá
The aim of the present work was to investigate a new mechanism likely contributing to the toxic action of acetaminophen, especially to explore the possible inhibition of glutathione reductase through an acetaminophen-glutathione conjugate (APAP-SG). APAP-SG conjugate was synthesized by organic synthesis and purified by column chromatography. The inhibitory effect of the conjugate on two types of glutathione reductase (from yeasts and rat hepatocytes) was tested spectrophotometrically. We found that the enzyme activity was reduced similarly after the treatment with 2.96 mM acetaminophenglutathione conjugate in both yeast and hepatocyte glutathione reductases (GR); the enzyme activity was inhibited to 52.7±1.5 % (2.4±0.3 mU/ml) in yeast GR (control activity was 5.6±0.3 mU/ml) and to 48.1±8.8 % (2.2±0.2 mU/ml) in rat hepatocytes lysate GR (control activity was 5.2±0.2 mU/ml). In addition, the enzyme activity (from hepatocytes lysate) was decreased to 79±7 %, 67±2 % and 39±7 %, in 0.37, 1.48 and 3.7 mM concentration of the conjugate, respectively. We found that glutathione reductase, the essential enzyme of the antioxidant system, was dose-dependently inhibited by the product of acetaminophen metabolism - the conjugate of acetaminophen and glutathione., T. Roušar ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy