This paper was prepared in 1964 as a thesis for the Tokio ISFNR conference report, but the author couldn’t participate in this conference. This report deals with identical motifs in the European (Czech and Moravian) folklore and in the non-European sources, namely in the Near East ones. It mentions cooperation of folkloristics with comparative linguistics and archeology. Benefit of this cooperation is evident especially in the ancient culture studies, when the folkloristics can utilize the results of the archeological discoveries. A thorough study of those ancient discoveries proves that roots of some European literary traditions may be found already in Mesopotamia (motifs of dragons and demons, etc.).
Net photosynthetic rate (PN) of leaves grown under free-air CO2 enriched condition (FACE, about 200 µmol mol-1 above ambient air) was significantly lower than PN of leaves grown at ambient CO2 concentration (AC) when measured at CO2 concentration of 580 µmol mol-1. This difference was found in rice plants grown at normal nitrogen supply (25 g m-2; NN-plants) but not in plants grown at low nitrogen supply (15 g m-2; LN-plants). Namely, photosynthetic acclimation to FACE was observed in NN-plants but not in LN-plants. Different from the above results measured in a period of continuous sunny days, such photosynthetic acclimation occurred in NN-plants, however, it was also observed in LN-plants when PN was measured before noon of the first sunny day after rain. Hence strong competition for the assimilatory power between nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) assimilations induced by an excessive N supply may lead to the photosynthetic acclimation to FACE in NN-plants. The hypothesis is supported by the following facts: FACE induced significant decrease in both apparent photosynthetic quantum yield (Φc) and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) content in NN-plants but not in LN-plants. and Z.-H. Yong ... [et al.].
Otázku, kde se berou zákony zachování hybnosti, momentu hybnosti, mechanické energie a dalších veličin, lze v rámci klasické mechaniky či teorie pole zodpovědět různými způsoby. Principiálně však zachovávající se veličiny souvisejí s operacemi symetrie daného problému. Tuto souvislost odhaluje pro případ teorií řídících se variačním principem teorém Emmy Noetherové z roku 1918, odvozený klasickým "souřadnicovým" způsobem užívajícím variací, tehdy ve variačním počtu obvyklým. Propracovaný moderní geometrický aparát fibrovaných variet a diferenciálních forem "kopírujících" jejich struktura je mnohem účinnějším prostředkem pro formulaci jak variačních teorií samotných, tak i jejich důsledků právě typu teorému Noetherové. Podstatu geometrického přístupu lze objasnit již na nejjednodušším případu - jednorozměrném pohybu klasické částice v mechanice., The question of the origin of conservation laws for the momentum, angular momentum, mechanical energy and other quantities in classical mechanics and classical field theories can be answered by various ways. Nevertheless, in principle the conserved quantities are connected with the symmetry of a problem under consideration. For variational theories such a connection was disclosed by the Emmy Noether theorem derived in 1918 by a classical "coordinate" procedure using variations, which was typical for the former calculus of variations. The elaborate modern geometrical formalism of fibred manifolds and differential forms adapted to their fibred structure is a much more effective tool not only for variational theories themselves but also for their consequences as the Noether theorem. The merit of the geometrical approach can be explained by the simplest example - a one-dimensional motion of a classical mechanical particle., Lenka Czudková, Jana Musilová, Jitka Strouhalová., and Obsahuje bibliografii