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2. Effects of voluntary running exercise on skeletal muscle properties in nonobese rats with type 2 diabetes

Creator:
Nakamoto, Isuzu and Ishihara, Akihiko
Format:
počítač and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Goto-Kakizaki rat, oxidative capacity, Pgc-1α mRNA, skeletal muscle, type 2 diabetes, and voluntary running exercise
Language:
English
Description:
The skeletal muscles of animals and humans with type 2 diabetes have decreased oxidative capacity. Aerobic exercise can improve muscle oxidative capacity, but no data are available on the amount of exercise required. We investigated the effects of voluntary running exercise and running distance on the skeletal muscle properties of nonobese rats with type 2 diabetes. Six-week-old male diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats were divided into nonexercised (GK) and exercised (GK-Ex) groups. The rats in the GK-Ex group were permitted voluntary running exercise on wheels for 6 weeks. Age-matched male Wistar rats (WR) were used as nondiabetic controls. Fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels were higher in the GK and GK-Ex groups than in the WR group and lower in the GK-Ex group than in the GK group. Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (Pgc-1α) mRNA levels in the soleus and plantaris muscles were higher in the WR and GK-Ex groups than in the GK group. HbA1c and total cholesterol levels were negatively correlated with running distance and SDH activity and Pgc-1α mRNA levels in the soleus muscle were positively correlated with running distance. The onset and progression of diabetes in nonobese diabetic rats were effectively inhibited by running longer distances.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

4. On comparison of approaches (remarks and illustrations)

Creator:
Sgall, Petr
Format:
print
Type:
model:internalpart and TEXT
Language:
English and Czech
Description:
Různé přístupy к teoretickému popisu jazyka je třeba porovnávat jak co do empirického rozsahu popisného rámce, tak co do kvalit a stupně dodržování jejich principů. Důležité je diskutoval věcně o možnosti spojení jednotlivých dílčích řešení do bezrozporných celků a o možnostech, jak co nejekonomičtěji zachytit jádro (centrum) jazykového systému.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

5. Současné renovace vinohradnických staveb ve vybraných sklepních areálech Znojemska

Creator:
Leisserová, Eliška
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
viniculture buildings, wine-cellar area, the Znojmo region, small vintner, and viticulture
Language:
Czech
Description:
The study follows the process of renovation of viticulture buildings in selected wine-cellar areas in the Znojmo region. This region is a newly settled territory from which the German-speaking citizens were expelled after World War II. For this reason, the tradition of grape-vine growing was severed. The viticulture buildings are renovated especially thanks to local small vintners who with this activity contribute to the revitalization of the local viticulture. The aim of the study is to introduce the struggles and to assess the current condition of the renovated buildings of vernacular the small vintners maintain the historical appearance of renovated buildings and which inspirations are the most crucial for them to repair their buildings. The knowledge is a result of a fieldwork carried out in the wine-growing villages of Božice and Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

6. Theory of evapotraspiration. 2.. Soil and intercepted water evaporation

Creator:
Budagovskyi, Anatolij Ivanovič and Novák, Viliam
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
evapotranspiration, transpiration, evaporation, soil water, water balance, evapotranspirácia, transpirácia, evaporácia, pôdna voda, and bilancia vody
Language:
Slovak
Description:
Evaporation of water from the soil is described and quantified. Formation of the soil dry surface layer is quantitatively described, as a process resulting from the difference between the evaporation and upward soil water flux to the soil evaporating level. The results of evaporation analysis are generalized even for the case of water evaporation from the soil under canopy and interaction between evaporation rate and canopy transpiration is accounted for. Relationships describing evapotranspiration increase due to evaporation of the water intercepted by canopy are presented. Indirect methods of evapotranspiration estimation are discussed, based on the measured temperature profiles and of the air humidity, as well as of the net radiation and the soil heat fluxes. and Príspevok obsahuje kvantitatívny opis výparu vody z pôdy a bilanciu energie počas vyparovania, charakterizovanú rovnicou obsahujúcou turbulentný tok tepla a skupenské teplo vyparovania. Je opísaný proces tvorby suchej vrstvy na povrchu pôdy počas výparu; jeho tvorba závisí od rozdielu medzi rýchlosťou výparu a prítokom vody k horizontu výparu zo spodnej vrstvy pôdy.Výsledky analýzy možno použiť aj na kvantifikáciu výparu z pôdy pod porastom. Uvádzajú sa vzťahy na výpočet zvýšenia rýchlosti evapotranspirácie, spôsobenej intercepciou. Práca obsahuje analýzu nepriamych metód výpočtu evapotranspirácie, ktoré sú založené na meraní profilov teploty a vlhkosti vzduchu nad vyparujúcim povrchom, ako aj radiačnej bilancie a tokov tepla v pôde.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public