Torotrogla merulae Skoracki, Dabert et Ehrnsberger, 2000 and T. rubeculi Skoracki, 2004 have been considered as distinct steno- and monoxenous quill mite species (Acari: Prostigmata: Syringophilidae) parasitizing the thrushes of the genus Turdus Linnaeus and the European robin Erithacus rubecula (Linnaeus), respectively. Morphological and molecular studies on the taxonomical status of these two species provided contradictory results. Well defined differences in morphology were not supported by substantial genetic distance in nucleotide sequences of the DNA barcode (mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, COI, and D2 domain of the nuclear 28S rRNA gene), by the topology of the phylogenetic trees (neighbor-joining, maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood) and the network analyses of the COI haplotype genealogy (median-joining, statistical parsimony) that reveal rubeculi populations nested within merulae haplotypes. Since detected differences between T. merulae and T. rubeculi populations (1.6-2.4% for COI and 0.1% for D2) are comparable to the intraspecific level observed in majority of currently recognized European Torotrogla species and are much lower than the interspecific distances observed in the genus, we postulate their conspecificity. Because main morphological distinctions concern the structures used for feeding, we hypothesize that they are the result of phenotypic plasticity evoked by specific and different environmental conditions prevailing on the host bodies (thickness of the feather quill wall).
The present article follows upon the work of Jan Miroslav Kvût and Jifií Musil concerning ancestors of the Czech composer Antonín Dvofiák and corrects some mistaken conclusions they reached. Attention is devoted primarily to ancestors of Dvofiák’s grandfather on his mother’s side, Josef Zdenûk, whose parents – and therefore other ancestors as well – were wrongly identified by the above-mentioned researchers. It turns out that some of Dvofiák’s ancestors came from Bystfiice (Wistritz), a village in Northern Bohemia near Teplice which at that time had mainly a German population. This is where the earliest determined ancestors of Antonín Dvofiák lived, in the 17th century. Appended to the article is a list of all known ancestors of Dvofiák’s grandfather Josef Zdenûk giving dates of births, deaths, and marriages.
The inhibition of photosynthetic activity by bisulphite was studied in intact leaves of abscisic acid (ABA)-treated and non-treated (control) barley plants. ABA inhibited the photosynthetic process as evidenced by lower values of chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters Fv/Fm (photosystem 2 activity) and Rfd (vitality index, related to the whole photosynthetic activity) compared with ABA-non-treated plants. After bisulphite treatment, the extent of inhibition was smaller in ABA-treated plants than in the control ones indicating a protective effect of ABA. The protective action sites of ABA were the QA reduction and the Calvin cycle. and C. N. N'Soukpoè-Kossi ... [et al.].
For any nontrivial connected graph $F$ and any graph $G$, the {\it $F$-degree} of a vertex $v$ in $G$ is the number of copies of $F$ in $G$ containing $v$. $G$ is called {\it $F$-continuous} if and only if the $F$-degrees of any two adjacent vertices in $G$ differ by at most 1; $G$ is {\it $F$-regular} if the $F$-degrees of all vertices in $G$ are the same. This paper classifies all $P_4$-continuous graphs with girth greater than 3. We show that for any nontrivial connected graph $F$ other than the star $K_{1,k}$, $k \geq 1$, there exists a regular graph that is not $F$-continuous. If $F$ is 2-connected, then there exists a regular $F$-continuous graph that is not $F$-regular.
In this paper, I analyse the post-war development of social rental housing in Norway. During the 20th century, Norwegian municipalities created some of the more means-tested and market-oriented social housing sectors in Europe. Given developmentsin other countries in recent decades, the Norwegian case is therefore highly relevant to the general debate on the residualisation of social housing in Europe. Using the case of Oslo as the main point of departure, I discuss key challenges of residual and market-oriented social rental housing. Drawing on city council debates, local government reports, and previous studies, I argue that the logic of extreme meanstesting creates policy dilemmas connected to contradictory policy goals.