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Start Over Coverage 47-57

2. Jazyková potencialita: studium na bázi hapaxů legomenon

Creator:
Novotná, Renata
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
hapax legomenon, potentiality, suffix, dimminutive, feminine noun, compound, potencialita, sufix, deminutivum, přechýlené slovo, and kompozitum
Language:
Czech
Description:
The paper deals with word forms occurring in the SYN corpus (1.2 billion words) only once, twice or three times, the so-called hapax legomena, which provide a basis for the study of potentiality in language. As the material was very large, only 20 samples were chosen, each containing 3 000 forms, i. e. 60 000 forms overall. Approximately 50 % of word forms were various mistakes, especially typing errors, or words from other languages. Therefore only the remaining 30 000 word forms were selected as the basis for this study. The analysis showed that the most relevant suffixes for hapax legomena are -ovský (e. g. jimmyreedovský), -ák (e. g. medvěďák), -ista (e. g. havlista), -ing/-ink (e. g. gardening, dancink), -ovitý (e. g. kladivovitý), type po vojensku, diminutives derived from abstracts (e.g. minulůstka) and names of women professions (e. g. meduprodavačka). Moreover, compound words with the first parts dlouho- (e. g. dlouhorožec), gala- (e. g. galamenu), jino- (e. g. jinomluva), kino- (e. g. kinofajnšmekr), mega- (e. g. megakatastrofa), nízko- (e. g. nízkohlučný), polo- (e. g. poločitelný), video- (e. g. videokomentář) were typical for new words.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

3. Kamenná struktura E v Mohelně-Plevovcích: nová výzva pro metodiku výzkumu

Creator:
Bartík, Jaroslav, Škrdla, Petr, Rychtaříková, Tereza, Demidenko, Yuri E., and Nejman, Ladislav
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Mohelno, Late Upper Paleolithic, paved structures, spatial distribution, site furniture, and excavation methodology
Language:
Czech
Description:
A salvage excavation was conducted in harsh conditions to recover stone structure E (KSE). In spite of a very short time window available for digging, an area of 20 m2 was completely excavated and the entire structure (KSE) was carefully documented. Spatial distribution of artifacts closely follows the boundary of the paved area. The raw material spectrum is characterized by prevailing rock crystal, supplemented by quartz, plasma, erratic flint, radiolarite, smoky quartz and Krumlovský les-type chert. The artifacts are similar to those recovered from KSA and KSB, including carinated atypical endscraper- cores, bipolar anvil cores, and Sagaidak-Muralovka-type microliths. A detailed analysis of granulite used to construct the pavement structure indicates smoothing, abrasion, pounding marks, and flake removals – they probably served as pads for activities that we have not identified as yet.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

5. On the development and life cycle of Camallanus anabantis (Nematoda: Camallanidac), a parasite of the climbing perch, Anabas testudineus

Creator:
De, Nimai C.
Format:
print
Type:
model:internalpart and TEXT
Subject:
Nematoda, Camallanus, Mesocyclops, Copepoda, Anabas, fishes, development, and life cycle
Language:
English
Description:
The developmental stages and life cycle of the nematode Camallanus anabantis Pcarse, 1933 an intestinal parasite of Anabas testudineus (Bloch) arc described. The copepod Mesocyclops leuckarti (Claus) was used as experimental intermediate host. After being ingested by the copepods the nematode first-stage larvae enter its haemocoel, where they moult twice, 4 d.p.i. and 11 d.p.i., at 21-26°C, respectively to become the infective third-stage larvae. The definitive fish hosts become infected when feeding on copcpods harbouring infective larvae. In the fish host’s intestine the larvae undergo two more moults, the third on day 15 p.i. The fourth moult of “male” larvae occurred on day 68 p.i. and that of “female” larvae on day 86 pi. at water temperatures 24-36°C- A female with eggs and few larvae in the uteri was first observed on day 187 p.i.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

6. Rôzne pohľady na zodpovednosť v zdravotníckom systéme

Creator:
Kaššaiová, Zuzana
Format:
počítač and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
zdravotnícky systém, zodpovednosť, kultúra viny, média, healthcare system, responsibility, culture of guilt, and media
Language:
Czech
Description:
Veda a technológie idú neuveriteľnou rýchlosťou dopredu. Napriek tomu má zdravotnícky systém veľa nedostatkov a medicínske chyby sa stávajú neustále. V posledných rokoch sa pozornosť upriamuje na zlepšenie kvality zdravotnej starostlivosti. Podľa štatistík z národných štúdií v rôznych európskych krajinách, 8 – 10 % chýb je spôsobené ľudským faktorom. V tomto texte som prebrala najzákladnejšie koncepty individuálnej a kolektívnej zodpovednosti a poukazujem na to, že v zdravotníckom systéme sú jednotlivci častokrát súčasťou tímov a nie je možné jednoznačne určiť individuálnu zodpovednosť. Napriek tomu prevladajúca kultúra viny smeruje k sankciovaniu jednotlivca. Domnievam sa, že aktuálnosť témy na Slovensku aj v Českej republike je posilnená zvyšujúcim sa počtom prípadov pochybení, ktoré sú rozoberané v médiách. Preto poukazujem aj na možný dopad médií a kultúry viny na zdravotníckeho profesionála, ktorý pochybí, a zároveň dochádzam k záveru, že obviňovanie jednotlivca nerobí systém bezpečnejším. Naše zameranie by skôr malo smerovať na preukázanie, že jednotlivec môže byť neopatrný. Ale ak sa už stane chyba, apelovať by sme mali na zlepšenie systému a prevenciu pred rovnakými chybami. Iba takto dokážeme premeniť kultúru viny na kultúru bezpečnosti a zlepšiť zdravotnú starostlivosť. and The science and technology are evolving incredibly fast. Despite that, the healthcare system has a lot of insufficiencies and medical failures happen consistently. In recent years the focus has been on increasing the quality of healthcare. According to statistics from national studies from different European countries, 8 to 10 % of mistakes are being caused by the human factor. In this text I discuss the most fundamental concepts of individual and collective guilt and point out that in healthcare system are individuals often part of a team and it is not possible to determine unambiguously the individual responsibility. In spite of this the dominant culture of guilt tends to penalize the individual. In my opinion, the urgency of this topic in Slovakia and The Czech Republic is emphasized by the increasing number of cases of failure which are being discussed in the media. Therefore I point out even possible impact of media and the guilt culture on the medical professional who fail and simultaneously I conclude that blaming the individual does not make the system safer. Our focus should rather be centred on showing that an individual can be incautious. However when the mistake happens we should appeal to improving the system and a prevention of this type of mistakes. Only this way we can change the culture of guilt to a culture of safety and improve the healthcare.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

7. Short-term rentals, housing markets and COVID-19: theoretical considerations and empirical evidence from four Austrian cities

Creator:
Kadi, Justin, Schneider, Antonia, and Seidl, Roman
Format:
počítač and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
short-term rentals, COVID-19, real estate listings, and rental market
Language:
English
Description:
Prior to the onset of the pandemic, evidence on the conversion of regular rental housing into permanent holiday homes has fuelled concerns that Airbnb and other short-term rentals contribute to the shortage of affordable homes and to the displacement of regular residents in cities with high housing demand. When the pandemic set in, the media was quick to speculate that holiday homes would be returned to the regular rental market. This paper provides some theoretical reflections on the factors that are driving and impeding such a development and presents preliminary results from an ongoing research project that empirically tracesthe impacts of COVID-19 on the rental housing market based on an analysis of real estate listings in four large Austrian cities. We argue that a current shift to the regular rental market is likely, but that the medium- and long-term development is uncertain. Empirically, we demonstrate that such a shift has occurred in all four cities considered. We do not find evidence, however, that the increased rental housing supply has dampened rent levels.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

8. The role of bicarbonate in the activity of photosystem 2

Creator:
van Rensen, J. J. S.
Format:
print
Type:
model:internalpart and TEXT
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
Photosystem 2 (PS 2) reaction centre can be considered as a water-plastoqninone oxido-reductase. Using four photons it transfers four electrons from two molecules of water to plastoquinone (PQ), producing the molecular oxygen and two molecules of double reduced PQ. PS 2 is the site of the antagonistic action of bicarbonate and formáte on PS 2 electron flow; incubation of isolated chloroplasts with formáte results in full inhibition of electron flow actívity, which can be restored by addition of bicarbonate. This bicarbonate effect is located at the Dl protein and affects the electron flow between the primary quinone and the PQ pool. Bicarbonate is probably involved in stabilizatíon of tíie semireduced secondary quinone Qb, and in the protonation reactions at this site. Under physiological conditions bicarbonate is boimd to thylakoid membranes. Addition of formáte to thylakoids appears to release CO2. The bicarbonate effect is not only observed in isolated chloroplasts, but also in intact organisms as green algae and leaves. Bicarbonate Controls PS 2 electron flow in order to cope with stress conditions leading to, for instance, photoinhibition or to the high rates of photorespiration.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

9. Zeleň v štruktúre sídla: vyhradená a veřejná zeleň a jej konkrétna podoba v obci Podhradie (okres Martin, Slovensko)

Creator:
L'udmila, Hladká and Křížová, Markéta
Format:
print
Type:
model:internalpart and TEXT
Language:
Czech
Description:
In the present day, people increasingly talk about the afforestation of cities and towns as a means of improving the environment. The problem of the gradual incorporation of verdure to the settlement and of its role in the past is being analysed in the present article on the example of the changes in time of the verdure in the areas used jointly by the inhabitants of the village of Podhradie. In the named locality these were, namely, areas that were often reserved and enclosed, with a particular land-scaping arrangement (school garden and cemetery) and, on the other hand, the public space (including the so called „dance circle“ i.e. the public area used for dance festivals etc.). The composition of the botanical species differed in the particular cases, because of its use (for example in the school garden that serves for practical education dominate the fruit trees and vegetables), economic causes (while designing the public park it was possible to utilize the advantageous offer from the local services) or the time horizont of the planting (for example, the older part of the wood species on the „dance circle“ is composed of plum trees, the newer part mainly of lindens, poplars and birches). The last example demonstrates the changes in the structure of verdure in concordance with shiftings in perceiving its function. While until about the eighteenth century the economic reasons stood behind the planting of primarily the utility trees, since then it has been increasingly regarded also to the aesthetic point of view. The regular bus line that since 1950 has connected Podhradie to the regional centre Martin where many of the local inhabitants found work enabled the spreading of the urban style ofarranging the environment and also thepossibility to buy new types of plants. Decorative wood species were implemented in the composition of the local verdure and influenced the appearance of the village.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public