Thyroid nodules: pathophysiological insight on oncogenesis and novel diagnostic techniques

Title:

Thyroid nodules: pathophysiological insight on oncogenesis and novel diagnostic techniques

Creator:

Krátký, J., Vítková, H., Bartáková, J., Zdeněk Telička, Antošová, M., Zdeňka Límanová, and Jan Jiskra

Identifier:

https://cdk.lib.cas.cz/client/handle/uuid:a4f82708-9d7b-4091-96fa-734d545f4599
uuid:a4f82708-9d7b-4091-96fa-734d545f4599
issn:0862-8408

Subject:

Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, rakovina štítné žlázy, těhotenství, thyroid cancer, pregnancy, thyroid nodule, thyroid autoimmunity, hypothyroidism, BRAF mutation, RAS mutation, Thyroid ultrasound, microcalcifications, thyroid elastrography, 14, and 612

Type:

article, články, model:article, and TEXT

Format:

print, bez média, and svazek

Description:

Thyroid nodules are a very frequent pathology among common population. Despite the vast majority of them are of benign origin, the incidence of thyroid cancer is currently rather rising. Although there are several risk factors of thyroid cancer and several clinical, ultrasound, biochemical and molecular diagnostic markers, the exact mechanisms of thyroid oncogenesis and the linkage between thyroid nodule ultrasound appearance and its biological character remain unclear. While ionizing radiation is the only one well-known risk factor for thyroid cancer, the significance of some others remains unclear. The aim of our review was to discuss some not completely known pathophysiological mechanisms involved in thyroid oncogenesis as hypothyroidism, mutations of genes regulating cell proliferation, thyroid autoimmunity and pregnancy and to describe pathophysiological background of some ultrasound markers of thyroid cancer (size, echogenicity, vascularization, calcifications and stiffness). Better knowledge in this field is crucial for development of novel diagnostic techniques and therapeutic approaches. For exampl e, the analysis of BRAF, RAS and other mutations in cytological samples may help to distinction between follicular thyroid carcinoma and follicular thyroid adenoma and may signific antly decrease the number of unnecessary surgery among patients with thyroid nodules. Alternatively, the different malign cells growth, angiogenesis, destructions of thyroid follicles, reparative changes, growth retardation, fibrosis and increased interstitial fluid pressure implicate the typical ultrasound appearance of papillary thyroid cancer (hypoechogenicity, irregular vascularization, microcalcifications, stiffness) which is essential to catch the suspicious nodules on the basis of their ultrasound appearance among large amount of benign nodules., J. Krátký, H. Vítková, J. Bartáková, Z. Telička, M. Antošová, Z. Límanová, J. Jiskra., and Obsahuje bibliografii

Language:

English

Rights:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
policy:public

Source:

Physiological research | 2014 Volume:63 | Number:Suppl 2

Harvested from:

CDK

Metadata only:

false