The effect of n-3 fatty acids on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity

Title:

The effect of n-3 fatty acids on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity

Creator:

Flachs, P., Rossmeisl, M., and Jan Kopecký

Identifier:

https://cdk.lib.cas.cz/client/handle/uuid:8504e1c4-0ce6-414e-8adf-2efb57a18764
uuid:8504e1c4-0ce6-414e-8adf-2efb57a18764

Subject:

Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, diabetes mellitus, obezita, záněty, omega-3 mastné kyseliny, obesity, inflammations, omega-3 fatty acids, metabolic syndrome, 14, and 612

Type:

article, články, model:article, and TEXT

Format:

print

Description:

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) as well as cardiovascular disease (CVD) represent major complications of obesity and associated metabolic disorders (metabolic sy ndrome). This review focuses on the effects of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3) on insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis, which are improved by omega-3 in many animal models of metabolic syndrome, but remain frequently unaffected in humans. Here we focus on: (i) mechanistic aspects of omega-3 action, reflecting also our experiments in dietar y obese mice; and (ii) recent studies analysing omega-3’s effects in various categories of human subjects. Most animal experiments document beneficial effects of omega-3 on insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism even under conditions of established obesity and insulin resistance. Besides positive results obtained in both cross- sectional and prospective cohort studies on healthy human populations, also some intervention studies in prediabetic subjects document amelioration of impaired glucose homeostasis by omega-3. However, the use of omega-3 to reduce a risk of new-onset diabetes in prediabetic subjects still remains to be further characterized. The results of a majority of clinical trials performed in T2D patients suggest that omega-3 have none or marginal effects on metabolic control, while effectively reducing hypertriglyceridemia in these pati ents. Despite most of the recent randomized clinical trials do not support the role of omega-3 in secondary prevention of CVD, this issue remains still controversial. Combined interventions using omega-3 and antidiabetic or hypolipidemic drugs should be further explored and considered for treatment of patients with T2D and other diseases., P. Flachs, M. Rossmeisl, J. Kopecky., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy

Language:

English

Rights:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
policy:public

Source:

Physiological research | 2014 Volume:63 | Number:Suppl 1

Harvested from:

CDK

Metadata only:

false