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1. A redefinition of Blissia with description of a new species from northwestern Canada (Collembola: Isotomidae)

Creator:
Fjellberg, Arne and Potapov, Mikhail B.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Collembola, Blissia robusta, new species, redefinition of genus, and Canada
Language:
English
Description:
The formerly monotypic genus Blissia is given a wider definition, in order to include a second new species, Blissia robusta, from the Ogilvie Mts, Yukon Territory, northwestern Canada. Some additional characters separating the genera Blissia and Tetracanthella are described.
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2. Acceptance of two native myrmecophilous species, Platyarthrus hoffmannseggii (Isopoda: Oniscidea) and Cyphoderus albinus (Collembola: Cyphoderidae) by the introduced invasive garden ant Lasius neglectus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Belgium

Creator:
Dekoninck, Wouter, Lock, Koen, and Janssens, Frans
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Isopoda, Oniscidea, Collembola, Cyphoderidae, Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Lasius neglectus, myrmecophilous species, invasive species, acceptance, Cyphoderus albinus, and Platyarthrus hoffmannseggii
Language:
English
Description:
The myrmecophilous isopod Platyarthrus hoffmannseggii Brandt, 1833 and the myrmecophilous springtail Cyphoderus albinus Nicolet, 1842 are commonly found in nests of a wide range of ant species in Belgium. Here we report the first record of both myrmecophiles in nests of the invasive garden ant Lasius neglectus in the Citadelpark of Ghent, Belgium. Platyarthrus hoffmannseggii was found in two of the Lasius neglectus nests studied. In one of the two C. albinus was also discovered. In the localities where the invasive garden ant Lasius neglectus was introduced, as is also the case in the Citadelpark in Ghent, it out-competes all native ant species. This ant has a dramatic effect on the local native ant fauna. However, some of the myrmecophilous species associated with the native ant-fauna are less threatened as they are accepted by this invasive garden ant.
Rights:
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3. Activity and dormancy in relation to body water and cold tolerance in a winter-active springtail (Collembola)

Creator:
William and Zettel, Juerg
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Collembola, Hypogastruridae, winter activity, summer dormancy, body water balance, osmotically inactive water, cold hardiness, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, and thermal hysteresis
Language:
English
Description:
Ceratophysella sigillata (Collembola, Hypogastruridae) has a life cycle which may extend for >2 years in a temperate climate. It exists in two main morphs, a winter-active morph and a summer-dormant morph in central European forests. The winter-active morph often occurs in large aggregations, wandering on leaf litter and snow surfaces and climbing on tree trunks. The summer-dormant morph is found in the upper soil layers of the forest floor. The cryobiology of the two morphs, sampled from a population near Bern in Switzerland, was examined using Differential Scanning Calorimetry to elucidate the roles of body water and the cold tolerance of individual springtails. Mean (SD) live weights were 62 ± 16 and 17 ± 6 µg for winter and summer individuals, respectively. Winter-active springtails, which were two feeding instars older than summer-dormant individuals, were significantly heavier (by up to 4 times), but contained less water (48% of fresh weight [or 0.9 g g-1 dry weight]) compared with summer-dormant animals (70% of fresh weight [or 2.5 g g-1 dry weight]). Summer-dormant animals had a slightly greater supercooling capacity (mean (SD) -16 ± 6°C) compared with winter-active individuals (-12 ± 3°C), and they also contained significantly larger amounts of both total body water and osmotically inactive (unfrozen) water. In the summer morph, the unfrozen fraction was 26%, compared to 11% in the winter morph. The ratio of osmotically inactive to osmotically active (freezable) water was 1 : 1.7 (summer) and 1 : 3.3 (winter); thus unfrozen water constituted 59% of the total body water during summer compared with only 30% in winter. Small, but significant, levels of thermal hysteresis were detected in the winter-active morph (0.15°C) and in summer-dormant forms (0.05°C), which would not confer protection from freezing. However, the presence of antifreeze proteins may prevent ice crystal growth when feeding on algae with associated ice crystals during winter. It is hypothesised that in summer animals a small decrease in freezable water results in a large increase in haemolymph osmolality, thereby reducing the vapour pressure gradient between the springtail and the surrounding air. A similar decrease in freezable water in winter animals will not have such a large effect. The transfer of free water into the osmotically inactive state is a possible mechanism for increasing drought survival in the summer-dormant morph. The ecophysiological differences between the summer and winter forms of C. sigillata are discussed in relation to its population ecology and survival.
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4. Chill injury at alternating temperatures in Orchesella cincta (Collembola: Entomobryidae) and Pyrrhocoris apterus (Heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae)

Creator:
Hanč, Zdeněk and Nedvěd, Oldřich
Format:
print, text, and regular print
Type:
article, bibliography, conference publication, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Third European Workshop of Invertebrate Ecophysiology (1998 : Birmingham, Česko), zoologie, fyziologie živočichů, ekofyziologie, hmyz, Collembola, Orchesella cincta, ploštice, Pyrrhocoris apterus, přežívání, mortalita, teplotní stresy, mráz, 591.5, 061.3, and 595.2/.7
Language:
English
Description:
Survival and Lt50 after exposures at constant low temperature were compared to the values obtained at alternating temperatures in two active (summer acclimated) temperate terrestrial arthropods. The experimental regimes used interruptions - daily transfers from the lower temperature to various higher temperatures for two hours or to one high temperature for Various durations. In both species the alternating conditions improved survival, implying reparation of the chill injury. In the collembolan Orchesella cincta, there was a maximum Lt50 when the higher exposure temperature was equal to the temperature of rearing (19°C). In the bug Pyrrhocoris apterus, Lt50 increased strongly with increasing higher temperature from 0 to 15°C, and was subsequently constant over the entire physiological range suitable for development (to 35°C). Exposure at 0°C was harmful if continuously applied, but survival increased, relative to a constant exposure at -5°C, if the temperature alternated between -5 and 0°C., Zdeněk Hanč, Oldřich Nedvěd, and Lit
Rights:
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5. Collembola (Entognatha) from East Africa

Creator:
Weiner, Wanda M. and Najt, Judith
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Collembola, Hypogastruridae, Odontellidae, Neanuridae, Onychiuridae, Isotomidae, East Africa, identification keys, new species, and redescription
Language:
English
Description:
Materials of Hypogastruridae, Odontellidae, Neanuridae, Onychiuridae and Isotomidae from East Africa were studied. Several new species are described: Acherontiella kowalskiorum sp. n., Furculanurida grandcolasorum sp. n., Stachorutes dallaii sp, n., and Paleonura cassagnaui sp, n. Friesea vrorovi Tshelnokov, 1977 and Tullbergia kilimanjarica (Delamare Deboutteville, 1953) are redescribed. Stachorutes arlei (Thibaud & Massoud, 1980) is a new combination. Identification keys for Friesea Dalla Torre, 1895 with 2 + 2 eyes and Stachorutes Dallai, 1973 are given.
Rights:
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6. Conspectus of Australian Brachystomellidae (Collembola) with description of new species of Rapoportella and redescription of Cassagnella anomala

Creator:
Greenslade, Penelope
Format:
print, počítač, and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
morfologie (biologie), morphology (biology), Austrálie, Australia, Collembola, Brachystomellidae, distribution, key to genera, Rapoportella edwardi sp. n., S-chaetae, cuticular plates, drying climate, conservation values, ecosystem function, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
As part of a modern review of all Australian Collembola families, a key is provided to the nine genera of Brachystomellidae currently known from Australia, their morphology is compared, their distribution within and outside Australia is noted and the high diversity of genera in southern regions emphasised. Three Australian genera are endemic, five are also found in South America, South Africa and/or New Zealand and one has a cosmopolitan distribution. The distribution, ecology and habitat preferences of Australian genera are compared. Two genera, Cassagnella Najt & Massoud and Rapoportella Ellis & Bellinger, are newly diagnosed and additions to the description of C. anomala Womersley are given. Australian Cassagnella species appear restricted to southern, humid regions and C. anomala possesses some characters that indicate it is adapted to living in habitats that are periodically flooded. A new species, Rapoportella edwardi sp. n. is described in the rarer genus from drier eucalypt forests. The effect of agricultural practices on an introduced species of Brachystomella is noted and its indicator value emphasised. Possible threats to the endemic genera and species are noted., Penelope Greenslade., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
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7. Intertidal respiration of Anurida maritima (Collembola: Neanuridae)

Creator:
Rüssbeck, Raimund, Biefang, Marc, Baumgärtl, Horst, and Zinkler, Dietmar
Format:
print, text, and regular print
Type:
article, bibliography, conference publication, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
zoologie, fyziologie živočichů, ekofyziologie, Collembola, Anurida maritima, dýchání, hypoxie, adaptace na stres, regulace dýchání, 591.5, 061.3, and 595.2/.7
Language:
English
Description:
The intertidal collembolan Anurida maritima can endure periods of twice-daily submergence by seawater. The air-breathing terrestrial apterygote insect has developed specific adaptations to prevent respiratory failure during hypoxic stress. When submerged, the animal is initially enclosed by an air-bubble. This bubble lasts three times longer than the small amount of stored oxygen would allow. The air bubble acts not only as an oxygen store but also as a compressible gas gill. This was demonstrated by an O2-needle electrode technique which allowed recordings of pO2 changes in the watery medium close to the animal. Oxygen uptake in A. maritima follows an aerial mode of respiration during the first three hours of submergence. Oxygen consumption rate at decreasing ambient O2 partial pressures showed oxyregulating behaviour during severe hypoxia., Dietmar Zinkler, Raimund Rüssbeck, Marc Biefang, Horst Baumgärtl, and Lit
Rights:
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8. Jumping technique and climbing behaviour of the collembolan Ceratophysella sigillata (Collembola: Hypogastruridae)

Creator:
Zettel, Jürg, Zettel, Ursula, and Egger, Beatrice
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Collembola, Hypogastruridae, Ceratophysella sigillata, jumping, orientation, climbing behaviour, migration, eversible vesicles, and polymorphism
Language:
English
Description:
Ceratophysella sigillata uses protrusible vesicles on its antennae and posterior end as sticky landing devices to avoid tumbling upon landing. This technique facilitates its orientated movement during winter migration. It allows the animal to use directional jumps without rebounding even when climbing tree trunks. The antennal vesicles are present only in the surface active morphs of C. sigillata, and only these individuals jump readily. The vesicles are everted only when the animal has time to prepare the jump. In an escape leap, they are not protruded and therefore the animal tumbles upon landing.
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9. Nitrogen turnover of Sinella coeca (Collembola: Entomobryidae)

Creator:
Bakonyi, Gábor
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Collembola, Entomobryidae, Sinella coeca, digestion, nitrogen isotope, and nitrogen turnover
Language:
English
Description:
Adult collembolans we:re fed with two different food types. Leaves of Taraxacum officinale and Dactylis glomerata were given as food sources in two physical forms: either as intact leaves or as powder. Foods were labelled with 15N. The 15N uptake curves were measured. Turnover rates and turnover times were calculated. Results show that Taraxacum leaves are preferred to Dactylis leaves. The physical condition of the leaves influenced the nitrogen turnover of the animals to a large extent. Fragmentation of Dactylis leaves enhanced nitrogen utilization by roughly two-fold and decreased turnover time by nearly half. Consumption of Taraxacum leaves has synergic effect on the nitrogen utilization of Dactylis leaves. Simultaneous consumption of Taraxacum and Dactylis enhanced the nitrogen uptake rate from Dactylis leaves compared to the treatment where Dactylis was the only food source.
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10. Review of the genus Paronychiurus (Collembola: Onychiuridae) and description of two new species

Creator:
Pomorski, Romuald J.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Collembola, Onychiuridae, Paronychiurus, North America, new species, diagnosis, and key
Language:
English
Description:
A new diagnosis of Paronychiurus Bagnall, 1948 is given. P. ramosus (Folsom, 1917) and P. eous (Christiansen & Bellinger, 1980) comb. nov. are redescribed on the basis of the types and new specimens. Two new species are described: P. probus sp. n., P. hubbardi sp. n. A key to the species in this genus is presented.
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