The family of block spaces with variable exponents is introduced. We obtain some fundamental properties of the family of block spaces with variable exponents. They are Banach lattices and they are generalizations of the Lebesgue spaces with variable exponents. Moreover, the block space with variable exponents is a pre-dual of the corresponding Morrey space with variable exponents. The main result of this paper is on the boundedness of the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator on the block space with variable exponents. We find that the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator is bounded on the block space with variable exponents whenever the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator is bounded on the corresponding Lebesgue space with variable exponents.