Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for many diseases. It could be associated with sarcopenia. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine whether smoking is an isolated risk factor for sarcopenia. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Science Direct for articles addressing the relationship between cigarette smoking and sarcopenia. A total of 12 studies containing information on 22,515 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Odds ratio (OR) was calculated for each study group and for all studies together. An OR was also calculated separately for each sex. We used a fixed-effect model in overall estimation and in males, because results of small studies were significantly different from the results of large studies in those cases and in females where the estimation showed only moderate heterogeneity we used a random-effect model. According to proposes of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews. The resulting OR in the fixed-effect model was 1.12 (95 % CI 1.03-1.21), OR for each sex was in the fixed-effect model 1.20 (95 % CI 1.06-1.35) in males and in the randomeffect model 1.21 (95 % CI 0.92-1.59) in females. The results of this meta-analysis indicate that cigarette smoking as an isolated factor may contribute to the development of sarcopenia. However, the results of the individual studies were largely inconsistent due to different approaches of measuring the main variables which affected the results., M. Steffl, R. W. Bohannon, M. Petr, E. Kohlikova, I. Homerova., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Pomocí infračervené spektrometrie s Fourierovou transformací (FTIR), hmotností detekce v proudové trubici s vybranými ionty (SIFT-MS) a plynové chromatografie ve spojení s hmotností spektrometrií (GC-MS) bylo analyzováno složení cigaretového kouře, kouře z vodní dýmky a doutníku. Bylo kvalitativně porovnáno zastoupení jednotlivých komponent v závislosti na typu vzorku. Jsou diskutovány možnosti použitých analytických metod. Přehled konkrétních látek je doplněn fakty o jejich původu a škodlivém účinku., Various advanced spectroscopy techniques have been used for qualitative analysis and comparison of cigarette, cigar and water pipe smoke compositions. Additionally, a potential of these analytical methods is discussed with respect to such an analytical task. The list of identified compounds is presented together with some facts about their origin and toxicity., Vojtěch Pazdera, Michal Fousek, Martin Ferus, Kseniya Dryahina, Patrik Španěl, Violetta Shestivska, Svatopluk Civiš., and Obsahuje bibliografii