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Start Over Subject oviposition site selection

1. Initial preference of oviposition sites: discrimination between living and dead plant material in Sympecma fusca and Coenagrion caerulescens (Odonata: Lestidae, Coenagrionidae)

Creator:
Martens, Andreas
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Odonata, Zygoptera, Lestidae, Coenagrionidae, Sympecma fusca, Coenagrion caerulescens, reproductive behaviour, oviposition site selection, and aggregation behaviour
Language:
English
Description:
Sympecma fusca and Coenagrion caerulescens mainly deposit their eggs into floating dead parts of emergent plants. In their initial choice of oviposition site (selection of landing site) S. fusca does not distinguish between fresh and dead plant material, whereas C. caerulescens significantly prefers dead material. In S. fusca, the missing discrimination of the plant condition in the choice of the landing site is explained by its oviposition period in the beginning of the vegetation period when the green plant material is rare. C. caerulescens reproduces in summer and finds dead and living plants side by side. I suggest that in the latter species an early recognition of dead material is advantageous because of the reduction of the expense in searching.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

2. Molehills as important larval habitats for the grizzled skipper, Pyrgus malvae (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae), in calcareous grasslands

Creator:
Streitberger, Merle and Fartmann, Thomas
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, zoologie, entomologie, Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Pyrgus malvae, butterfly, disturbance, ecosystem engineer, molehill, Agrimonia eupatoria, habitat requirement, larval ecology, microclimate, oviposition site selection, calcareous grassland, vegetation structure, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
Small-scale soil disturbance, such as animal mounds created by subterraneous ecosystem engineers are important microhabitats for species of conservation concern. There are many studies on the effects of ecosystem engineers on plant species diversity and soil properties, but the influence of such organisms on other taxa, such as insects, are rarely analyzed. In this paper, we demonstrate for the first time the role of molehills produced by the European Mole (Talpa europaea) (Linnaeus, 1758) as a larval habitat for a threatened butterfly species within central European calcareous grasslands. We selected the grizzled skipper (Pyrgus malvae) (Linnaeus, 1758) as a study species as previous studies revealed that it prefers warm and open microhabitats for oviposition. Our study clearly showed that host plants occurring on or in the close vicinity of molehills were regularly occupied by immature stages of P. malvae. Occupied host plants at these disturbed sites were characterized by a more open vegetation structure with a higher proportion of bare ground or stones and a lower cover of the herb layer compared with available host plants (control samples). Among molehills those were preferred that had the highest cover of host plants, especially Agrimonia eupatoria. Molehills are important larval habitats for P. malvae in calcareous grasslands on deeper soils. At these sites succession occurs rapidly and the amount of bare ground is usually low, even when they are managed. In contrast to other known breeding sites in calcareous grasslands, molehills with a high cover of host plants provide ideal conditions for the successful larval development of P. malvae: (i) sufficient food during the larval period and (ii) warm microclimatic conditions., Merle Streitberger, Thomas Fartmann., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public