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11. Tolerance mechanisms in Cassia alata exposed to cadmium toxicity - potential use for phytoremediation

Creator:
Silva, J. R. R., Fernandes, A. R., Silva Junior, M. L., Santos, C. R. C., and Lobato, A. K. S.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
těžké kovy, heavy metals, kadmium, fytoremediace, cadmium, phytoremediation, detoxifikace, výměna plynu, reaktivní formy kyslíku, remediace, detoxification, gas exchange, reactive oxygen species, remediation, Cassia alata, 2, and 581
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
Cadmium is often detected in areas contaminated by heavy metals and the incidence of this element in dangerous concentrations has been increasing due to anthropogenic activities. The aim of this research was to determine Cd concentrations in tissues, quantify compounds, pigments and enzymes, and to evaluate the gas exchange. Our aim was also to identify components that can modify and contribute to tolerance of Cassia alata against Cd toxicity. We used five Cd concentrations (0, 22, 44, 88, and 132 μM) to validate our hypothesis. The Cd concentrations in tissues of C. alata plants increased significantly, compared with the control treatment, in the following graduated sequence: root > leaf > stem. Progressive enhancement in glutathione (GSH) was verified in plants treated with all Cd concentrations used, when compared with treatment without Cd. Antioxidant enzyme activities presented similar patterns with progressive enhancements, being a desirable characteristic for plants with a potential to hyperaccumulate Cd. Our results suggest that C. alata plants can be used for phytoremediation programs. Their defense mechanism is based on Cd accumulation in roots, coupled with increase in GSH and the efficient activity of antioxidant enzymes that contribute to minimize the oxidative stress and consequently improve the protection of the metabolic machinery., J. R. R. Silva, A. R. Fernandes, M. L. Silva Junior, C. R. C. Santos, A. K. S. Lobato., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

12. Trace elements have beneficial, as well as detrimental effects on bone homeostasis

Creator:
Ivana Žofková, Davis, M., and Jaroslav Blahoš
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, bor, kadmium, měď, železo, olovo, hořčík, mangan, selen, zinek, boron, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, selenium, zinc, bone mineral density, bone quality, fluoride, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The protective role of nutrition factors such as calcium, vitamin D and vitamin K for the integrity of the skeleton is well understood. In addition, integrity of the skeleton is positively influenced by certain trace elements (e.g. zinc, copper, manganese, magnesium, iron, selenium, boron and fluoride) and negatively by others (lead, cadmium, cobalt). Deficiency or excess of these elements influence bone mass and bone quality in adulthood as well as in childhood and adolescence. However, some protective elements may become toxic under certain condition s, depending on dosage (serum concentration), duration of treatment and interactions among individual elements. We review the beneficial and toxic effects of key elements on bone homeostasis., I. Zofkova, M. Davis, J. Blahos., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public