Haloperidol when applied intraperitoneally to cold-exposed febrile rabbits induces a strong hypothermic effect. This effect is due to the downward shift of the threshold central temperature for induction of cold thermogenesis and vasomotion. The shift occurs during the early phase of the fever and is less prominent during the late phase of the fever. The hypothermic effect of high doses of haloperidol can eliminate the increase of body temperature in febrile individuals.
Delirantní stavy jsou nejčastější neuropsychiatrickou patologií u hospitalizovaných pacientů vyššího věku. Delirium ve stáří představuje akutní, život ohrožující stav. Nerozpoznané a neléčené delirium zvyšuje úmrtnost, prodlužuje hospitalizaci, vede ke ztrátě funkčních schopností a podle některých studií zvyšuje incidenci demence v následujících 5 letech. Proto je třeba, aby lékaři delirium včas rozpoznali a léčili. Článek podává přehled o současném stavu znalostí epidemiologie a etiopatogeneze deliria a možností léčby a prevence této závažné komplikace., Delirium represents the most common neuropsychiatric pathology in hospitalized old patients. Delirium is understood as acute, life threatening event. Missed diagnosis and non-treatment of delirium increase mortality, risk of complications and functional deterioration, prolong length of hospital stay and, according to some studies increase the incidence Of dementia during the 5 years following delirium. Therefore, it is necessary for physicians to gain knowledge and skills to diagnose and treat delirium. The aim of this paper is to review current knowledge about epidemiology and aetiopathogenesis of delirium and to explore possibilities in treatment and prevention of this serious condition., Eva Topinková, Lit: 37, and Souhrn: eng
Glucose was found to exert an In vitro regulatory effect on prolactin secretion. Its role in the modulation of stimulated secretion of prolactin in man is, however, not clear. To evaluate the effect of hyperglycaemia on prolactin release, three stimulatory tests with different mechanisms of stimulation were employed. Healthy male subjects served as volunteers during submaximal exercise, TRH test (0.2 mg i.v.) and administration of haloperidol (2 mg i.v.). Glucose (100 g in 400 ml) or an equal volume of water was given 30 min before the tests. Blood for glucose and prolactin analysis was taken via an indwelling catheter. The plasma prolactin concentration increased in response to each of the stimuli applied. However, the prolactin increase during hyperglycaemia did not differ from values obtained in tests performed in normoglycaemia after water administration. These results indicate that prolactin release in healthy man is not modulated by hyperglycaemia.