The structural characteristics of the extra-membrane domains and guanidine hydrochloride-induced denaturation of photosystem 2 (PS2) core antenna complexes CP43 and CP47 were investigated using fluorescence emission and circular dichroism (CD) spectra. The extra-membrane domains of CP43 and CP47 possessed a certain degree of secondary and tertiary structure and not a complete random coil conformation. The tertiary structure and the chlorophyll (Chl) a microenvironment of CP47 were more sensitive to guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl) than that of CP43. Changes in energy transfer from β-carotene to Chl a corresponded well to changes in the tertiary structure while their correlation with changes in the secondary structure was rather poor. Unlike most of water-soluble proteins, both CP43 and CP47 are partly resistant to denaturation induced by guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl); the denaturation of CP43 or CP47 is not a two-state process. Those features most probably reflect their character as intrinsic membrane proteins. and Y.-G. Qu ... [et al.].
The interest in developing coherent mid-infrared radiation sources is caused due to their potential use in medicine, spectroscopy, laser remote sensing of the atmosphere, metrology, and in many other fields of interest. One of possible sources of such radiation may be Cr:ZnSe laser. Therefore, this study presents new results of Cr:ZnSe active medium temperature dependence in range 78-380 K of spectral and laser properties. The influence of temperature on absorption, fluorescence and oscillation spectra were investigated in detail. Upon heating the Cr:ZnSe crystal from 78 K to 380 K, the absorption peak maximum has shifted by 65 nm towards shorter wavelengths from 1813 nm to 1748 nm. From the point of view of the generation of Cr:ZnSe laser radiation, the temperature dependence of Cr:ZnSe laser radiation energy and oscillation spectra were studied. The generated laser radiation spectrum was for different temperatures observed in three wavelength bands around 2290, 2360, and 2445 nm. The highest output energy of 3.84 mJ was reached at temperature 78 K. and Zájem o vývoj koherentních zdrojů infračerveného záření je dán jejich potenciálním využitím v medicíně, spektroskopii, laserovém dálkovém snímání atmosféry, metrologii a v mnoha dalších oblastech. Jedním ze zdrojů takového záření může být i Cr:ZnSe laser. Tato studie představuje nové výsledky měření teplotních závislostí spektrálních a laserových vlastností aktivního prostředí Cr:ZnSe v teplotním rozsahu 78-380 K. Podrobně byl zkoumán vliv teploty na absorpční, fluorescenční a oscilační spektra. Při zahřívání krystalu Cr:ZnSe ze 78 K na 380 K se maximum absorpce posunulo o 65 nm směrem ke kratším vlnovým délkám z 1813 nm na 1748 nm. Z hlediska generace laserového záření Cr:ZnSe byla studována teplotní závislost výstupní energie Cr:ZnSe laseru a oscilačních spekter. Generované spektrum laserového záření bylo pro různé teploty pozorováno ve třech pásmech vlnových délek v okolí 2290, 2360 a 2445 nm. Nejvyšší výstupní energie 3,84 mJ byla dosažena při teplotě 78 K.
Pain increased the number of free radicals in the body.
Previously, we studied changes mainly in oxygen and nitroxide
free radicals and described these changes relative to the lipids
and saccharides. In this article we focus on changes relative to
proteins. Assessment of AGE products (advanced glycation
end-products) was carried out by measuring fluorescence.
Patients were divided into two groups: 15 patients with acute
pain and 17 patients with chronic pain. Acute pain was
associated with a variety of surgical procedures and patients
were examined before and after surgical procedures. The group
of patients with chronic pain suffered from various types of
chronic pain, but mainly back pain. In patients with acute pain,
total protein (TP) decreased after surgery, as did the level of AGE
and the AGE/TP ratio. Nonetheless, post-operative pain
increased. In patients with chronic pain, neither total protein,
AGE, or AGE/TP changed, despite significant pain relief being
reported after treatment. Changes in proteins, as biochemical
markers, before and after pain treatment did not show any
significant changes. In patients with acute pain, the recorded
changes only lasted for 3-5 days after the operation. While in
chronic pain, there were no significant changes at all. The
assumption that changes in proteins, as biomarkers, would have
the same importance as changes in lipids and saccharides was
not proven.
Chlorophyll a (Chl a) has an asymmetrical molecular organization, which dictates its orientation and the location of the pigment in the mature photosynthetic apparatus. Although Chl a fluorescence (ChlF) is widely accepted as a proxy for plant photosynthetic performance under countless stress conditions and across species, a mechanistic understanding of this causality is missing. Since water plays a much greater role than solvent for the photosynthetic machinery, elucidating its influence on Chl a may explain the reliable reflection of plant stress response in the ChlF signal. We examine the effect of hydration from well-watered to lethal drought on ChlF imagery results across morphologically diverse species to begin testing the impact of molecular scale hydration of Chl a on ChlF. Our results support a conceptual model where water is an integral part of the photosystems' structure and directly influences Chl a behavior leading to changes in the energy partitioning and ultimately in ChlF., C. R. Guadagno, D. P. Beverly, B. E. Ewers., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
The review deals with the comprehensive analysis of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) induced alterations in photosynthetic processes of higher plants and possible protection mechanisms. Between two photosystems, photosystem 2 (PS2) is main target for UV- B radiation stress. Depending on the mode of treatment, the oxidising side of PS2 and reaction centres are mainly affected by UV-B treatment. As response to UV-B stress plants develop some inherent adaptive mechanisms which decide the extent of the overall damage.
The present research was conducted to assess physiological responses of ‘Malas-e-Saveh’ (Malas) and ‘Shishe-Kab’ (Shishe) pomegranates to water of different salt content and electrical conductivity (1.05, 4.61, and 7.46 dS m-1). Both cultivars showed a reduced trunk length due to salinity. Relative water content and stomatal conductivity of both cultivars were significantly reduced under salt stress, but ion leakage increased. In both cultivars, total chlorophyll (Chl) and carbohydrates decreased with rise in salinity, while proline accumulation increased. With salinity increment, the Chl fluorescence parameters (maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII and effective quantum yield of PSII) declined significantly in both cultivars, with higher reduction observed in Shishe. Generally, more Na+ accumulated in shoots and more Cl- was observed in leaves. Cl- accumulation increased by salinity in leaves of Malas, but it was reduced in Shishe. The K+/Na+ ratio in leaves decreased in both cultivars by salinity increment. Malas was less affected by osmotic effects of NaCl, but it accumulated more Cl- in its leaves. Thus, Malas might be more affected by negative effects of salinity., M. Khayyat, A. Tehranifar, G. H. Davarynejad, M. H. Sayyari-Zahan., and Obsahuje bibliografii