The effects of inclusion of sesamin / episesamin in Baltic Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) diets based on vegetable oils were studied. The study was designed as a dose response study with two control diets, one diet based on fish oil (FO) and one diet based on a mixture of linseed and sunflower oil (6:4 by vol.) (MO). As experimental diets three different levels of inclusion of sesamin / episesamin (hereafter named sesamin) to the MO based diet and one diet based on sesame oil and linseed oil (SesO) (1:1 by vol.) were used. Th e dietary oils were mirrored in the fatty acid profile of the white muscle. Sesamin significantly decreased the levels of 18:3n-3 in the white muscle phospholipid (PL) fraction of all groups fed sesamin, no significant differences were found in the triacylglycerol fraction (TAG). Slightly increased levels of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA) in PL and TAG were found in some of the sesamin fed groups. Sesamin significantly affected the expressi on of peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor α , scavenger receptor type B and hormone sensitive lipase, in agreement wi th previous studies on rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) and Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) hepatocytes published by our group. No significant effects on toxicological response measured as ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity was found. The total cytochrome P450 enzymes were significantly higher in MO 0.29 and SesO group. The amount of α - and γ -tocopherols in liver and the amount of γ -tocopherol in white muscle were significantly lower in fish fed the FO diet compared to the MO diet, but no difference after inclusion of sesamin was found in this study. Increased inclusion of sesamin increased the levels of sesamin and episesamin in the liver, but did not affect the amounts in white muscle., S. Trattner ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Beneficial effects of sesame lignans, especially antioxidative
effects, have been widely reported; however, its potential effects
on autonomic nerves have not yet been investigated. Therefore,
the current study aimed to investigate the effect of sesame
lignans on the autonomic nervous system. The sympathetic nerve
activity in rat skeletal muscle was measured using
electrophysiological approaches, with blood flow determined
using the laser Doppler method. Sesame lignans were
administered intragastrically at 2 and 20 mg/kg, and after
60 min, the sympathetic nerve activity was observed to increase
by 45.2 % and 66.1 %, respectively. A significant increase in
blood flow (39.6 %) was also observed for the 20-mg/kg dose
when measured at 55 min after administration. These
sympathomimetic effects were completely prevented by
subdiaphragmatic vagotomy, and the increase in blood flow was
eliminated in the presence of the β2-adrenergic receptor inhibitor
butoxamine. Thus, it is proposed that sesame lignans can
increase the blood flow of skeletal muscle, possibly by exciting
sympathetic nerve activity through the afferent vagal nerve.