Introduction: Obstruction of the appendiceal lumen is the primary cause of appendicitis. The most common causes of luminal obstruction are fecaliths and lymphoid follicle hyperplasia. Additionally, bacterial infections or enteric and systemic viral diseases can cause a reaction of the lymphoid follicle. Case presentation: An 11-year-old boy with active phase of chickenpox presented on our Pediatric surgery emergency department under the impression of acute appendicitis. An appendectomy was performed on the same day. An inflamed and edematous retrocecal appendix was removed during surgery. Histological investigation of the appendix revealed transmural acute inflammation, with diffuse proliferation of inflammatory cells, with characteristic intranuclear inclusion surrounded by a clear halo. The PCR analysis of peripheral blood and appendix tissue specimen revealed positive VZV DNA. Conclusion: We have shown that varicella-zoster virus infection of the appendix is associated with acute appendicitis and possibly also with severity of the disease., Zenon Pogorelić, Mihovil Biočić, Ivo Jurić, Klaudio Pjer Milunović, Ivana Mrklić, and Literatura 11
The author reported clinical characteristic features and risk factors for acute intestinal infections in 225 children (140 boys and 85 girls, mean age 1.5 years old). 90 (40%) patients aged up to 12 months, 101 (44.9%) were from 1 to 2 years old, and 34 (15.1%) were more than 2 years old. Most children were hospitalized in the first week of illness and had moderate severe course of disease. Severe forms of illness reliably more often were noted in children being on artificial feeding. Toxicdystrophic condition, severe forms and perinatal encephalopathy were prevailed in boys. Factorial analysis revealed 20 most significant factors with factorization fullness 70.8%. The most significant factors were F1( factor of hyperthermia duration) with 8.5% effect, F2 (factor of pain syndrome) 5.8%, F3 (factor of normal enzymatic activity of colon bacillus) 4.9%, F4 (etiological factor) 4.6%, as well as F5( factor of opportunistic flora of the intestine) 4.4%, respectively., Mukarram Shadjalilova, and Literatura
Cíl studie: stanovení parametrů oxidačního stresu a statutu antioxidačního systému v průběhu akutní pankreatitidy Typ studie: observační, strukturálně vyvážená studie případů a kontrol Materiál a metody: Do studie bylo zařazeno 13 pacientů s akutní pankreatitidou (AP) a dále na základě věku a pohlaví spárované dvě kontrolní skupiny, a to skupina zdravých osob (KON) a osob, které prodělaly v minulých 2-3 letech akutní pankreatitidu (PAP). Pacientům s AP byly odebírány vzorky celkem 4, nejprve během prvních 24 hodin od objevení příznaků, poté po 72 hodinách, třetí odběr byl prováděn 5. den a poslední odběr 10. den onemocnění. U všech pacientů byly stanovovány kromě základních klinických a biochemických parametrů aktivity antioxidačních enzymů, koncentrace některých antioxidantů (redukovaný glutation (GSH), vitamin A a E) a parametry oxidačního stresu (konjugované dieny v precipitovaných LDL (CD/LDL) a oxidované LDL(ox-LDL)). Ke statistickému zpracování výsledků byl použit program STATISTICA (Stat Soft, CZ). Výsledky: Výsledky naší studie potvrzují zvýšený oxidační stres u pacientů s AP, a to zvýšenými hladinami CD/LDL u všech odběrů AP ve srovnání s CON (p < 0,05) a vzrůstajícími hladinami ox-LDL v průběhu AP s maximem 5. den AP. Pozorovali jsme rovněž změny v antioxidačním systému u AP pacientů; u těchto pacientů jsme zjistili snížené aktivity glutationperoxidázy a arylesterázové i laktonázové paraoxonázy během všech odběrů a dále pak snížené hladiny sérových antioxidantů – albuminu, vitaminu A a vitaminu E při porovnání s kontrolní skupinou. Závěr: Ve studii byl pozorován zvýšený oxidační stres a porušený antioxidační systém v časné fázi AP s gradací mezi třetím a pátým dnem AP., Objective: to assess oxidative stress and antioxidant status in acute pancreatitis and their natural course over the 10-day period. Design: observation, matched case-control study Material and methods: Into our study 13 patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) were included together with 13 sex- and agehealthy controls (CON) and 13 sex- and age- matched controls enrolled from persons that suffered from AP 2 – 3 years ago (PAP). We observed the antioxidant status of AP patients during the disease and the samplings were taken four times – on the first 24 hours of disease (AP1), after 72 hours from disease onset (AP3), on the 5th (AP5) and on the 10th day (AP10). In all studied groups markers of oxidative stress (level of conjugated dienes in precipitated LDL, oxidized LDL) and levels of antioxidants were assessed. We measured activities of superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) and glutathione reductase (GR) in erythrocytes and arylesterase (PON1-A) and lactonase (PON1-L) activities of paraoxonase in serum and concentrations of reduced glutathione (GSH) in erythrocytes and concentrations of vitamins E and A in serum. Results: In our study we confirmed increased oxidative stress in AP, with higher levels of CD/LDL in all AP samplings compared to CON (p < 0.05) and with increasing levels of ox-LDL during the AP with the maximum on the 5th day. We have shown altered status of antioxidant system; the activities of both PON1 activities as well as activity of GPX1 were depressed in all AP samplings in comparison to CON. We have also observed decreased levels of serum antioxidants – albumin, vitamin A and vitamin E in AP Conclusion: High oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant status was observed during early phase of AP with the gradation between 3rd and 5th day of AP., Vávrová L., Kodydková J., Macášek J., Ulrych J., Žák A., and Literatura 24
We report the case of a 22-year old male, a self-confessed recreational drug user who developed cardiogenic shock because of severe destruction of the aortic valve by rapidly progressive aortic valve endocarditis. The disease progression was acute; in a matter of days, the clinical manifestations were life-threatening necessitating urgent aortic valve replacement surgery. Cultivation revealed Streptococcus viridans as the microbial agent. Subsequent recovery with antibiotic treatment was without complication. This case report shows that immediately performed transoesophageal echocardiography and early consultation with a cardiac surgeon has fundamental importance in diagnosis and management of acute infective endocarditis in haemodynamically instable patients., Malkia S. Swedi, Pudil Radek, Jiří Manďák, and Literatura 17