In her contribution, the author deals with a complexview of the role of Sokol during the World War I. She uses both archive sources as well as available literature. She confronts the Sokol activity with philosophy of Miroslav Tyrš, co-founder of Sokol, who promoted the ideal of military service and the work of an individual for the improvement of the whole. Sokol members were active in both the Czechoslovak Legions (in France, Russia and Italy) and domestic resistance movement (financial support of so-called Maffie, intelligence activity). Because of military hospitals established in Sokol gymnasiums, the club activity was demonstrated rather on the social-cultural or charity level (assistance in military hospitals, cooperation with charity organization České srdce [Czech Heart]). On 28 October 1918 and shortly after this date, Sokol members helped keep order in the street and secure non-violent retreat of foreign forces from the territory.
The aim of this article is to take a closer look at the life-work of the first Czechoslovak professoress Milada Paulová, which was a study of the Czech and Yugoslav resistance in the period of the First World War. The article outlines the question of alignment in the Czech historical sciences in interwar Czechoslovakia. The next subject is the divergence of opinion between the old and the young academic generations - is modern and contemporary history journalism or science? and Článek zahrnuje poznámkový aparát pod čarou