The period of Normalization in Czechoslovakia is often perceived as a grey „Eastern iceberg“ where life stood still and uniformity governed. My analysis of sexological discourse, particularly of texts focused on perversity, juxtaposes the normalized ethos of the period with deviant sexual subjectivities. I analyze papers and debates presented at annual sexological conferences in the 1970s and 1980s. Sexuality, especially in its non -normal/deviant forms, was revealed as unstable, a quality sought to be „rectified“ through gender which was perceived as binary. The family was interrogated as a source of deviance and also as a place of redress. While sexological writings in general tend to biologize sexuality, my analysis shows that sexologists attributed social genealogy to deviance, a finding that attests to rigid social conditions during Normalization., Kateřina Lišková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Firstly, this article outlines the main points made by Peter Winch in his breakthrough book The Idea of a Social Science. Its Fundamentals thesis, inspired by Wittgenstein and his accounts on the relation between language and reality, is the assumption that social sciences engage in philosophical endeavor, because the problems they deal with are not empirical, but conceptual. Following Wittgensteinian line of thought he comes up with the idea that all social action can be explained as rule following and therefore it should be approached by conceptual means other than those used by natural sciences. Secondly, this article explores the impact that The Idea of a Social Science had on the discussion about the nature of social sciences. It outlines it‘s main critiques which deal with (1) Winch’s conception of philosophy (2) the notion of rule following and (3) descriptive nature of Winch‘s approach. Finally, Winch‘s critique of positivism in social sciences is identified as his main and lasting contribution to social thought., Tomáš Dvořák., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Pirátské strany jsou novým fenoménem v politice. První pirátská strana byla založena v roce 2006 ve Švédsku. Cílem tohoto článku je reflexe problematiky pirátských stran, shrnutí odborné diskuze, představení hlavních požadavků pirátských stran, přiblížení sympatizantů a voličů pirátských stran a také pokus o vysvětlení vzestupu pirátských stran. Pirátské strany lze považovat za druh liberálních stran, které se profilují v otázce svobodného internetu, komunikace a přístupu k veřejným informacím. Jejich vznik souvisí s rozvojem informační společnosti a informačních technologií, které přes nesporná pozitiva s sebou nesou podle pirátských stran riziko zneužití ve vztahu ke svobodě a soukromí jednotlivců., Pirate parties are new phenomena in politics. The first pirate party was established in Sweden in 2006 and inspi - red rise of pirate parties across the world. The aim of this article is to review discussion on pirate parties, describe major pirate issues and pirate parties’ sympathizers as well as to attempt to explain the rise of pirate parties. Pirate parties may be conceived as a sort of liberal parties, which are focused on free internet, communication and unrestrained access to public information. The rise of pirate parties is related to developments of information society and information technologies, which – in spite of clear advantages – pose a risk: they might be abused against individual freedom and privacy., and Miloš Brunclík.
The present article introduces a new operationalization of preference theory in the Czech Republic; and tests if fertility differs in terms of life-style preferences using data from a survey of men and women in post-reproductive period (aged 40 +) of the life cycle. This study has three main parts. First, it introduces and discusses a new operationalization of life-style preferences that can be applied for both men and women. Secondly, this paper presents the distribution of life-style preferences among males and females in the Czech population. In the final part, the authors test whether this new typology is a good predictor of Czech fertility levels, and highlight the differences in fertility between men and women by lifestyle preferences., Beatrice Chromková Manea a Ladislav Rabušic., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Následující text představuje výsledky sociologického šetření, které provedlo Centrum pro výzkum veřejného mínění Sociologického ústavu AV ČR, v.v.i., (CVVM) ve dnech 31. 8. – 7. 9. 2009. Toto rozsáhlé terénní šetření mapovalo postoje a mínění veřejnosti k vybraným tématům a otázkám, které se dotýkaly dvacátého výročí listopadové revoluce v roce 1989. Průzkumu se zúčastnilo 1046 respondentů starších patnácti let., The following text presents the results of sociological survey, conducted by Center for Public Opinion Research, Institute of Sociology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, in september 2009. This extensive field survey mapped attitudes and public opinion on selected topics and issues that touch the twentieth anniversary of the November revolution in 1989., and Daniel Kunštát.
This article presents a method for computer-assisted text analysis, which has been employed by the author in a number of studies. The inductive methodology is based on a frequency count analysis of the co-occurrence of words; and a visualization of the results of this text analysis in a two dimensional space. The main advantage of this text analysis technique is its potential for (a) exploring large amounts of textual data without any pre-coded or theoretically laden vocabularies or thesauri; and (b) the extraction of discursive patterns often only detectable in an a posteriori expert analysis. An example is used to demonstrate the use of this computer assisted text analysis method through an analysis of the transcripts of biographical interviews exploring life in Czech socialist society. The analysis presented uncovers both shared and distinctive discursive patterns found in the narratives of the interviewees who come from two distinct social groups., Martin Hájek., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
The present study focuses on the participation of women in labor strikes in Austrian Silesia at the turn of the niniteenth century in the light of the most important source: the statistics of the labor strikes that was published in the years 1894-1914. The article presents some interesting data and also discusses the methodology of using such source., Stanislav Knob., and Obsahuje bibliografii