The theme of the text is whether the construction of mosques in Germany (for example in Duisburg) of the source to the process of emancipation of religious communities. It is a relationship between „traditional“ religious concepts of creations of sacred space and modern changes in European societies. At many places in Germany (for example in Cologne) was building of mosques a hard task and generated negative reactions inside the non-Muslim society. The architectural design of mosques participates in construction of public space. For both sides, the architecture of these buildings illustrates a complicated integration process. The choice of forms of buildings inspired by the cultural background of immigrants or the current general trends in architecture expresses the level of integration of Muslim communities into Western societies. An important part is question of preservation and transformation of the European Muslims´identity., Martin Klapetek., and Obsahuje poznámky a seznam literatury
At first glance, the Israeli right might be regarded as a sort of monolith. Characterized by intransigence vis-à-vis the great powers (initially the British) and the Arabsalike and with iconic strongmen at the helm, both the post-independence Herut party and its interwar predecessor(s) clearly demonstrated to the outside world what Zionist maximalism stood for, particularly in terms of its political and terriotiral demands. on a closer look, however, many of the sought after parallels between the interwar Zionist right and the post-independence Israeli right are more imagined than real. in fact, not only were the particular groupings made up of different sets of players (often in opposition to each other), but their very worldviews differed, sometimes fundamentally. After all, the paramilitary groups from which the Israeli right developed had self-distanced themselves from any sort of reliance on political means or international guarantees, rejecting the very notions which had stood at the core of interwar Revisionism, the alleged forefather of the Israeli right., Jan Zouplna., and Obsahuje bibliografii