Many aspects of surgical treatment of intestinal malrotation in children remain to be debatable. In the opinion of the majority of the specialists, surgical treatment is required after the diagnosis taking into account serious complications of intestinal malrotation. Purpose. The purpose of this research was to conduct an analysis of surgical tactics and operative treatment method for isolated and associated intestinal malrotations in children. Material and methods. We observed 123 children at the age of one day to 15 years with malrotation during the period of 2002 to 2013. Results. We presented the data from observing 123 children at the age of one day to 15 years with various clinical-anatomic forms of intestinal malrotation over from 2002 to 2013. In 62 patients (50.4%), the evidences of the high intestinal obstruction were prevalent, while 61 (49.6%) showed signs of low intestinal obstruction. 116 patients (94,3%) were given operative intervention: radical – 95(81,9%) and palliative – 21 (18,1%). In 56 % of the cases, various simultaneous surgeries were required. There are proposed differential approaches in relation to anatomic form of malrotation and possibility of the fixation of large intestine in the physiological position. Conclusion. The results obtained from the operative treatment are presented. The lethal outcomes could be reduced from 54.7%, among the patients being observed from 2002 to 2010, to 16,7% in patients being operated during 2011 to 2013., Nasriddin Shamsiddinovich Ergashev, Jamoliddin Bahronovich Sattarov, and Literatura
Buddův-Chiariho syndrom je soubor onemocnění s velice heterogenním spektrem příčin vzniku podmíněný blokádou odtoku krve z jater. V tomto kazuistickém sdělení je popsán případ 32leté pacientky se symptomatickou stenózou jaterní žíly idiopatického původu, která byla léčena na našem pracovišti v letech 2014 a 2015. Žena trpěla refrakterním fluidothoraxem, přičemž po neúspěšné diuretické léčbě byla odeslána na angiointervenční oddělení naší nemocnice. Do stenotické pravé jaterní žíly, při hypoplastické střední a levé, byl implantován balonexpandibilní stent. Po 6 měsících bez obtíží se znovu objevila dušnost na podkladě fluidothoraxu, při provedené angiografii byla diagnostikována restenóza ve stentu a byla provedena dilatace balónkem. K dosažení regrese nebylo nutné vytvoření transjugulární portosystémové spojky (TIPS), ale postačilo pouze zavedení balonexpandibilního stentu, což se ukázalo jako dobré řešení pro tento vzácný typ Buddova-Chiariho syndromu., Budd-Chiari syndrome is a group of rare disorders with heterogenous spectrum of causes based on liver outflow blocation. There is a case report of a 32 year old female patient with syptomatic hepatic vein stenosis of idiopathic origin. She was treated in our department in 2014 and 2015. She suffered from refractory hydrothorax and after diuretic therapy was sent to angiointerventional unit of our hospital. The left and middle hepatic veins were hypoplastic. The stenotic right hepatic vein was treated with implantation of balloon expandable stent. After 6 months without symptoms she suffered from shortness of breath with hydro-thorax, on angiography in-stent restenosis was found and balloon dilatation was performed. To maintain regression of symptoms there was no need to perform transjugular portosystemic shunt, placement of balloonexpandable stent was sufficient and it seems to be good solution for this rare type of Budd-Chiari syndrome., Pavla Čabelková, Antonín Krajina, Vendelín Chovanec, Ondřej Renc, Petr Hůlek, Radan Brůha, and Literatura
Autoři referují dva případy náhodně zjištěného duplicitního tumoru pankreatu v ponechané části slinivky po parciální resekci pro adenokarcinom hlavy slinivky. Důvodem odstranění ponechaného zbytku slinivky byla vždy pooperační komplikace. Je diskutována možná četnost těchto duplicitních nádorů slinivky vzhledem k známému pohledu na vznik duktálního adenokarcinomu pankreatu z prekanceróz, tedy pankreatických duktálních intraepiteliálních neoplazií. Současně je hodnocen možný význam těchto němých duplicit v klinické praxi., The authors refer two cases of incidentally founded synchronous pancreatic tumors in the remaining pancreas following partial pancreatic resection for adenocarcinoma of the head of the pancreas. The reasons for removing the retained pancreas were postoperative complications. The frequency of these synchronous tumors is discussed with regards to the newly described development of pancreatic adenocarcinoma from pancreatic ductal intraepithelial neoplasia. The possible clinical importance of these silent synchronous tumors in clinical praxis is discussed., Roman Havlík, Martin Loveček, Dušan Klos, Mohamed Ghothim, Čestmír Neoral, and Lit.: 9
Cíl práce: Zhodnotit bezpečnost a účinnost léčby bazálním inzulinem glargin v režimu bazál/bolus v podmínkách běžné klinické praxe v České republice. Soubor a metodika: Projekt LINDA byl neintervenční, multicentrický (n = 255), národní observační projekt, který probíhal v podmínkách běžné klinické praxe. Do sledování bylo zařazeno celkem 4 998 pacientů s diabetes mellitus 1. a 2. typu (DM1T, DM2T) s převážně inzulinovou terapií (99,7 %), po následném zahájení léčby inzulinem glargin v režimu bazál/bolus. Pacienti byli sledováni po dobu 6 měsíců od zahájení této terapie. Primárním cílem projektu bylo sledování četnosti výskytu závažných hypoglykemických příhod při léčbě bazálním inzulinovým analogem glargin (Lantus?) v podmínkách běžné klinické praxe. Sekundárními sledovanými parametry byla změna glykovaného hemoglobinu (HbA1c), glykemie nalačno (FPG), změna tělesné hmotnosti, změna dávek inzulinu, změna počtu hypoglykemických příhod ve srovnání s předchozí léčbou a sledování četnosti nežádoucích účinků. Výsledky: Závažné hypoglykemie byly pozorovány během léčby inzulinem glargin u 0,8 % pacientů. Při srovnání výskytu hypoglykemií s předchozí terapií bylo prokázáno klinicky a statisticky významné snížení jejich četnosti. Procento pacientů s hypoglykemickou příhodou (17,6 %), závažnou (0,8 %) a závažnou noční hypoglykemií (0,3 %) bylo za poslední měsíc léčby s inzulinem glargin v režimu bazál/bolus konzistentně menší ve srovnání s posledním měsícem léčby před zahájením této terapie (42,5 %; 17,6 %; 13,8 % pacientů). U pacientů s DM1T došlo k poklesu všech hypoglykemií z hodnoty 37,80 ? 15,95 příhod/pacient/rok na 8,76 ? 4,38 příhod/pacient/rok (p < 0,001), závažných hypoglykemií z hodnoty 5,64 ? 3,27 příhod/pacient/rok na 0,0396 ? 0,012 příhod/pacient/rok (p < 0,001) a závažných nočních hypoglykemií z hodnoty 3,84 ? 2,04 příhod/pacient/rok na 0,0096 ? 0,003 příhod/pacient/rok (p < 0,001). U pacientů s DM2T poklesla četnost všech hypoglykemií z hodnoty 12,48 ? 7,57 příhod/pacient/rok na 1,68 ? 0,78 příhod/pacient/rok (p < 0,001), závažných hypoglykemií z hodnoty 2,04 ? 0,94 příhod/pacient/rok na 0,0132 ? 0,005 příhod/pacient/rok (p < 0,001) a závažných nočních hypoglykemií z hodnoty 1,32 ? 0,77 příhod/pacient/rok na 0,0048 ? 0,0008 příhod/pacient/rok (p < 0,001). Bylo prokázáno statisticky významné zlepšení metabolické kompenzace při užití inzulinu glargin. U DM1T došlo ke snížení hladiny glykovaného hemoglobinu (HbA1c) z hodnoty 7,74 ? 1,71 % na 6,43 ? 1,39 % (∆ -1,31 ? 0,32 %; p < 0,001) a u DM2T z hodnoty 8,13 ? 1,56 % na 6,72 ? 1,40 % (∆ -1,41 ? 0,28 %; p < 0,001). Statisticky významně (p < 0,001) se zvýšil počet pacientů s hodnotami HbA1c < 5,4 %. Statisticky významný byl také pokles glykemie nalačno (FBG) a hodnot 6bodového glykemického profilu, a to u obou typů diabetu (p < 0,001). Změna terapie a následná léčba inzulinem glargin byla lékaři a pacienty vnímána pozitivně. Závěr: Za podmínek běžné klinické praxe zahájení léčby inzulinem glargin v režimu bazál/bolus u pacientů s předchozí inzulinovou terapií vedlo ke snížení četnosti výskytu hypoglykemických příhod včetně závažných a závažných nočních hypoglykemií a ke zlepšení metabolické kompenzace pacientů s diabetem (snížení glykovaného hemoglobinu, glykemie nalačno a hodnot 6bodového glykemického profilu). Byla zaznamenána větší spokojenost se stávající léčbou ze strany pacientů a lékařů. Klíčová slova: diabetes mellitus – inzulin glargin- observační projekt – režim bazál/bolus, Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of basal insulin glargine using a basal-bolus regimen in a common clinical practice setting in the Czech Republic. Patients and methods: The LINDA project was a non-interventional, multicenter (n = 255), national, observational project. A total of 4,998 patients with Type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM, T2DM) with predominantly insulin therapy (99,7 %), after switch on insulin glargine at basal-bolus regimen, were enrolled in this project. The patients were followed up for 6 months after initiation of the therapy with insulin glargine. The primary objective of the project was to investigate the incidence of severe hypoglycemic episodes during the treatment with basal insulin analogue glargine (Lantus?) in a common clinical practice setting. The secondary endpoints were changes in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), body weight, insulin dose, change of number of hypoglycemic episodes in comparison the previous therapy and the frequency of adverse effects. Results: Severe hypoglycaemia were observed during treatment with insulin glargine at 0.8 % patients. When comparing the incidence of hypoglycemia with the previous therapy, we demonstrated a clinically and statistically significant reduction in their frequencies. The percentage of patients with hypoglycemic episodes (17.6 %), severe hypoglycemia (0.8 %) and severe nocturnal hypoglycemia (0.3 %) over the last month of treatment with insulin glargine using the basal-bolus regimen was consistently lower compared to the last month of treatment before initiation of this therapy (42.5 %, 17.6 %, and 13.8 % of the patients, respectively). In patients with T1DM, the incidence of hypoglycemia decreased from 37.80 ? 15.95 episodes/patient/year to 8.76 ? 4.38 episodes/patient/year (p < 0.001) for all hypoglycemic episodes; from 5.64 ? 3.27 episodes/patient/year to 0.0396 ? 0.012 episodes/patient/year (p < 0.001) for severe hypoglycemia; and from 3.84 ? 2.04 episodes/patient/year to 0.0096 ? 0.003 episodes/patient/year (p < 0.001) for severe nocturnal hypoglycemia. In patients with T2DM, the incidence of hypoglycemia decreased from 12.48 ? 7.57 episodes/patient/year to 1.68 ? 0.78 episodes/patient/year (p < 0.001) for all hypoglycemic episodes; from 2.04 ? 0.94 episodes/patient/year to 0.0132 ? 0.005 episodes/patient/year (p < 0.001) for severe hypoglycemia; and from 1.32 ? 0.77 episodes/patient/year to 0.0048 ? 0.0008 episodes/patient/year (p < 0.001) for severe nocturnal hypoglycemia. A statistically significant improvement in the metabolic control was demonstrated when using insulin glargine. The glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) decreased from 7.74 ? 1.71 % to 6.43 ? 1.39 % (∆ -1.31 ? 0.32 %, p < 0.001) in patients with T1DM, and from 8.13 ? 1.56 % to 6.72 ? 1.40 % (∆ -1.41 ? 0.28 %, p < 0.001) in patients with T2DM. A statistically significant (p < 0.001) increase in the number of patients with HbA1c < 5.4 % was further demonstrated. The decrease in fasting blood glucose (FBG) and 6-point blood sugar profile was also statistically significant in both types of diabetes (p < 0.001). Changes in therapy and subsequent treatment with insulin glargine were perceived positively by both physicians and patients. Conclusion: In the common clinical practice setting, the initiation of treatment with insulin glargine using the basal-bolus regime in patients with previous insulin therapy resulted in a reduction in the incidence of hypoglycemic events, including severe hypoglycemia and severe nocturnal hypoglycemia, and improved metabolic control in patients with diabetes (reduced glycated hemoglobin, fasting glucose values and 6-point blood glucose profile). Greater satisfaction with the current treatment was reported by both patients and physicians. Key words: basal-bolus regimen – diabetes mellitus – insulin glargine – observational project, and Denisa Janíčková Žďarská, Jan Brož, Bohumila Křivská, Zdeněk Rušavý, Milan Kvapil
The Purpose of the study: define the indications and contraindications to, combined operation in locally invasive tumor of the rectum. The Material and methods of the study: we have analysed results combined operation in cancer of the rectum with germination in genital organs, performed in department of coloproctology in National Oncological Scientific centre during 20052009 years. Under observation were 118 women at age from 21 to 68 years. This before 45 years 26 patients, from 46 to 59 years 54 patients, 60 and above years. The Results and their discussion: Postoperative complications suppurativeinflammatory character appeared beside 36 patients (30,5%), most of all after abdomeno perineal extirpation of rectum (35,5%) and abdominoanal resection of the rectum (33,3%). In lesser extend after front resection of the rectum and after operation Hartman (28,5% and 22,7%). The General lethality has formed 3,4%, have died after combined operation 4 patients from 118 operated patients. The Conclusion: thereby, brought data evident that such important factors, as frequency of the origin relapse (28%), 5year probability of survival (37,1%), under combined interference and operation of the standard volume in the cancer of the rectum practically the same., H. B. Bobokulov, A. M. Hakimov, and Literatura
The Material of the study has formed 78 sick, found on stationary treatment in Republican Scientific Centre Coloproktologii since 1992 on 2010. As it is seen, from table, from 78 sick mans was 58(74,3%), womans 20(25,7%). 19(24,3), sick were at age from 15 before 20 years, 49(60,2%) at age from 21 before 40 years and 13 (16,6%) sick from 41 before 60 years. The Main complaint sick at arrival were a stubborn constipations, which noted beside 70 (89,7%) sick, including absence of the independent chair existed beside 55(70,5%), but beside 54(69,2%) sick were noted periodic stomachache, growing on measure of the absence of the chair. The Ballooned belly existed beside all 78 (100%) sick moreover beside 20(25,6%) of them flatulence was constant. The Sickness and retching existed beside 24(30,7%), weakness, reduction to capacity to work beside 52(66,6%), increasing of the temperature of the body beside 10(12,8%), paradoxical diarrhoeas beside 6(7,6%) sick. Endoskopicheskiy method (rectoromonoscopy, colonoscopy) turned out to be else less informations 51,8% coincidences of the diagnosis. So we biopsy on Svensonu executed beside all sick, entered with suspicion on disease Girshprunga. In our observations from 78 sick beside 42(53,8,1%) were aboveanalni, beside 20(25,6%) sick rectalis, beside 13(16,6%)rectosigmoideys , beside 2(2,5%) leftside and beside 1(1,2%) sick subtotalis form hipoganglios. At biopsies on Svensonu on observations, from 78 sick, beside 44(56,4%) is revealled hipoganglios, but beside 35(44,8%) аganglios rectum. As can be seen from presented tables, from 78 sick beside 68(87,2%) us is executed onemoments radical operation, 10(12,8%) sick is as far as possible made resection hipoor aganglionarnaya of the zone, decompensate part of the large intestine and is formed colostomy. In all events at operations. The Remote results executed radical operation on cause disease Girshprunga traced from 1 before 10 years beside 57(73%) sick. The Results of the surgical treatment were valued on scale Vezika: good, satisfactory and unsatisfactory. In our observations beside 46(80,7%) sick results came in well, beside 10(17,5%) satisfactory and beside 1(1,8%) sick was an unsatisfactory result., Mirzahmedov M. M., Ahmedov M. A., Sapaev D. A., and Literatura
Importance: Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma remains a topical issue of Clinical Oncology. More than 80% of cases hepatocellular carcinoma develops in the presence of liver cirrhosis. These patients are doomed, many clinics they held only symptomatic treatment and life expectancy of patients is not more than 6 months. The main reason for the refusal of surgeons and Chemotherapeutists of treatment is associated cirrhosis. Purpose: To improve results of surgical treatment of liver cancer developed on cirrhosis Materials and methods: We analyzed the immediate results of treatment of 12 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma developed on a background of liver cirrhosis. From the large size of the tumor and associated liver cirrhosis, these patients the first stage of oil produced by hepatic artery chemoembolization of the affected lobe of the liver tumor. After 2 3 weeks performed liver resection. Results: After analyzing the results, we concluded: chemoembolization reduces tumor volume and weight, increases the physiological regeneration of hepatocytes unaffected tumor fraction, improves functional performance of the liver and does not affect the frequency and severity of postoperative complications., Juraev M.D., Nematov O.N., Yusupbekov A.A., and Literatura
The Purpose of this study is to demonstrate the effectiveness of combined treatment for III AB stage of nonsmallcell lung cancer. Nonsmallcell lung cancer spread form treatment is disputable. Operation is not final solution. The combined treatment is being tested (in clinical trials) in this study. This article argues that a combination of treatment is a better option than that of a specific treatment. However, there is a need to find new effective options for combined treatment., Akhat Bukenov, Elena Gizbrekht, Ergaly Shauenov, Bekzhan Orazbayev, Kalmurat Razzakov, and Literatura
Aim of investigation: to study immediate and remote results of standard and extended lymphodissection in patients with rectal cancer. Material and methods: 132 patients with rectal cancer were performed radical surgery with lymphodissection in D2 and D3 volume according to a height of tumor location. In immediate postoperated period there were noted complications in 4 patients that made up 3,03%. Observation time was 5 years. Tumor recurrence was reported in 5 patients (3,8%). In remote period metastases were revealed in 8 patients (6,6%). 5year total survival rate was 78,5±4,2% at stage II. 5year total survival rate was 56,4±3,7% at stage III. Comparing the results of standard and extended lymphodissection it was noted statistically authentic increase of 5 year survival rate in patients at stage III. Obtained data allow to come to the conclusion about reasonability of performance of different variants of lymphodissection for patients with rectal cancer at stages II and III., Navruzov S. N., Abdujapparov S. B., Akbarov E. T., Navruzov B. S., Islamov H. D., and Literatura