Some geometrical methods, the so called Triangular Schemes and Principles, are introduced and investigated for weak congruences of algebras. They are analogues of the corresponding notions for congruences. Particular versions of Triangular Schemes are equivalent to weak congruence modularity and to weak congruence distributivity. For algebras in congruence permutable varieties, stronger properties—Triangular Principles—are equivalent to weak congruence modularity and distributivity.
Eighteen open problems posed during FSTA 2010 (Liptovský Ján, Slovakia) are presented. These problems concern copulas, triangular norms and related aggregation functions. Some open problems concerning effect algebras are also included.
The paper applies some properties of the monotonous operators on the complete lattices to problems of the existence and the construction of the solutions to some fuzzy relational equations, inequations, and their systems, taking a complete lattice for the codomain lattice. The existing solutions are extremal - the least or the greatest, thus we prove some extremal problems related to fuzzy sets (in)equations. Also, some properties of upper-continuous lattices are proved and applied to systems of fuzzy sets (in)equations, in a special case of a meet-continuous complete codomain lattice.