Described are the principles of calculation, the methodology and the results of laboratory tests of grazing incidence mirrors used in solar X-ray telescopes installed in rockets "Vertikal 8" (1979), "Vertikal 9" (1981) and "Vertikal 11" (1983) launched as part of the
Intercosmos programme. The X-ray grazing incidence mirrors were developed in the Astronomical Institute of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences using galvanoplastic replica technology and tested in the Lebedev Institute of Physics of the USSR Academy of Sciences according to a chart design with one of the investigated mirrors acting as a collimator. The advantages and drawbacks
of this test method of X-ray mirrors are analysed.
Preliminary results of an extended program of examination of the Ondřejov and Sonneberg plate collectons for possible optical counterparts to gamma-ray bursters are presented. One optical image was found on 3 different plates at the same position suggesting it may be related to gamma-ray burster 1979 March
25 B. Results of both archival and time-correlated searches are discussed for GRBS as well as for the Perseus Flasher.
The microscopic optical X-ray system of the paraboloid-paraboloid type is based on a galvanoplastic replics. The study describes the production procedure and the first tests in optical and X-ray light. Briefly discussed are the results obtained as well as the possibility of using mirrors of this type for mappng X-ray plasma during nuclear fusion.
A calculation of pararmeters, method of manufacturing procedure and results of testing are described for the Wolter 1 X-ray mirror system. It consists of 2 nested pairs of mirrors: the outer pair has input diameter 24 cm and nickel coating, the inner pair - 13 cm and gold coating. The focal distance is 41,9 cm, the length of each paraboloid and hyperboloid - 24 cm. Geometrical parameters of the mirrors were chosen to obtain maximum effective area under the limits for overall dimensions.The mirrors were manufactured in the Astronomical Institute of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences
jointly with some other Czechoslovak institutes. The mirrors were made as galvanic replicas with metallic reflecting surface and plastic base. The system was intended for use in the X-ray telescope RT-4M, developed in the P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R.
The different replics technologies were developed and used for manufacturing X-ray grazing incidence mirrors. Five of he mirrors were tested in the X-ray long test facilitiy at MPI Garching in 1984. The results are presented and briefly discussed.