The problems of society reflected in psychological way of thinking can be captured in the publications of thinkers working at the Charles University in Prague since its foundation in the 14th century. The authors consider the second half of the 19th century to be the period of the establishment of scientific psychology as an independent discipline. At the Charles University in Prague, the founding personalities taught at the Faculties of Philosophy and Medicine. The psychological seminar at the Faculty of Arts of Charles University was founded in 1921 and was led by František Krejčí. After World War II, the psychological seminar and a psychological institute coexisted at the Faculty of Arts side by side. In 1950, the two workplaces were merged and in 1951, a separate department of psychology was established. At the time of normalization, the Prague department was divided into four departments in 1975, following the example of the Faculty of Psychology of Moscow State University. In 1980, the department was reunited and its structure is basically preserved to this day. and Problémy společnosti reflektované psychologickým způsobem myšlení lze zachytit v publikacích myslitelů působících na Univerzitě Karlově v Praze už od jejího založení ve 14. století. Za období vzniku vědecké psychologie jako samostatné disciplíny je považována druhá polovina 19. století. Na pražské Univerzitě Karlově zakladatelské osobnosti učí na fakultě filozofické a lékařské. Psychologický seminář na Filozofické fakultě Univerzity Karlovy byl založen roku 1921 a vedl ho František Krejčí. Po 2. světové válce vedle sebe na Filozofické fakultě paralelně existovaly psychologický seminář a psychologický ústav. V roce 1950 byla obě pracoviště sloučena a v roce 1951 vznikla samostatná katedra psychologie. V době normalizace dochází v roce 1975 k rozdělení pražské katedry po vzoru Fakulty psychologie Moskevské státní univerzity na čtyři katedry. V roce 1980 byla katedra opět sjednocena a její struktura zůstává v zásadě zachovaná do současné doby.
Hillslope hydrology in agricultural landscapes is complex due to a variety of hydropedological processes and field management possibilities. The aim was to test if there are any differences in soil properties and water regime along the hillslope and to compare vineyard rows (vine) with inter-rows (grass) area for those properties. The study determined that there are significant differences in the contents of soil particle fractions, pH, and humus content along the slope (P < 0.0001), with lower confidence level in bulk density (P < 0.05). Differences between row and inter-row space were significant for the pH, humus, and silt content, but for sand and clay content, and bulk density differences were not determined. The study determined differences in soil water content among five slope positions (P < 0.0001), and between row and inter-row vineyard space (all with P < 0.05). Where in the upper slope positions (e. g., P1) soil water content was higher than on lower slope positions. Higher soil water content was observed at higher slope positions, associated with clay content. However, it can be concluded that the retention of moisture on the slope is more influenced by local-scale soil properties (primarily soil texture) and variability of the crop (row/inter-row) than the position on the slope.