We present here a bibliometric analysis of publications on photosynthesis research from 1992 to 2009 in the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded) Web of Science. This has allowed us to examine the growing trends and the key topics on this subject. We have assessed the document type, language of the publications, publication output, subject category, journal distribution, countries and territories of these publications, institutions involved, hot topics and highly cited papers. The top 30 countries/territories were ranked according to their total number of articles (TA), single country articles (SCA), internationally collaborative articles (ICA), first author articles (FAA) and corresponding author articles (CAA). Research directions on the subject of photosynthesis were also investigated and evaluated by statistically analyzing the distribution of author keywords in the database. Our analysis indicates that “water”, “stress”, “carbon dioxide”, “nitrogen” and “climate change” are hot topics of research on photosynthesis during this period., J. J. Yu ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii
In the submitted reflection essay, I contemplate the rural environment in the region of Moravian Záhoří from the point of view of an ethnologist. The significant value of this regions concerns the landscape character of this agricultural region in a low hilly area adjacent to the western Carpathians and only rarely disturbed by modern industrial elements. The natural communication network with a plethora of small sacral monuments interconnects the individual villages, which have not undergone an essential development. If new residential districts are built at the outskirts
of the villages, at least the village core preserves some traditional values. In most locations in the region we can perceive the surviving urbanism of village greens and neighbouring farmsteads which have kept their volume corresponding to the first half of the 20th century. The farmsteads built from fired materials in large dimensions suffice without significant changes even today and they even exceed spatial demands in some cases. Therefore some parts of houses remain lifeless whereby the use of farm wings and buildings themselves seems to be a big problem. We encounter surviving architectural details of facades only in a few cases because these were wiped by younger reconstructions, or covered by modern layers. In spite of all modernization steps which were made during the 20th century and which continue at present as well, we can consider the region of Moravian Záhoří to be an exceptional region with preserved landscape and urban elements, which would be worthy a bigger tourist but especially professional interest of different disciplines. The primary precondition in this context is to find a relation to positive values surviving from the past on the side of inhabitants and representatives of particular villages.
Housing regime’ is a term that is used relatively often in (macrosocial) research comparing housing policies and systems. However, there is no generally accepted definition of this term. In this paper I shall first scrutinise previous uses of the concept, starting with a discussion of the most famous regime concept – the welfare regime. The discussion paves the way for a redefinition of a ‘housing regime’: the set of fundamental principles according to which housing provision operates in some defined area (municipality, region, state) at a particular point in time. Such principles are thought to be embodied in the institutional arrangements that relate to housing provision, in the political interventions that address housing issues, and as in the discourses through which housing issues are customarily understood. This definition is compatible with the path-dependence approach that has been adopted here and with the aspects of reality that researchers want to capture using the ‘regime’ concept.
This essay examines, in ten clearly formulated propositions, the causes and the long-term impact of the Munich Agreement of September 1938. This complex theme is approached through not purely national lenses. The term ''betrayal'' as a dominant label of the actions of the two West European democratic powers is thus questioned. The author claims that the British and French unwillingness to go to war because of Czechoslovakia’s border regions is, in the light of previous historical developments, understandable and, in a way, even rational. He also points out certain defi ciencies in the Czechoslovak treatment of its German minority. At the same time, Czechoslovakia’s political leaders were playing a strange game with their people in September 1938, alternately stirring up and moderating their patriotic feelings - depending on where the behind-the-scenes negotiations on Czechoslovak border regions were heading at a given moment. Also the alleged Soviet preparedness to come to Czechoslovakia’s assistance in September 1938 is more than questionable; Stalin intended to intervene only in a European war, not to help lonesome Czechoslovakia. Nonetheless, Munich has had, and unfortunately continues to have, a fundamental infl uence on the Czech ''mental map'' of Europe. The lesson according to which the West should not be trusted and it would therefore be advisable to look for protection and alliance in the East still lives on in minds of a number of Czech politicians and of a not negligible segment of the public. On the other hand, the ''lessons of Munich,'' according to which it is not advisable to make concessions to any aggression or blackmailing, became a part of policies of Western statesmen confronting expansionist dictatorships, and the other life of Munich thus continued to complicate the use of ''negotiations'' as a method of dealing with international crises by Western politicians in the Cold War and beyond. and Přeložil Jiří Mareš
A technique based on the analysis of banding patterns obtained by SDS-PAGE Western-blotting of an oocyst wall antigen obtained from faeces has been evaluated to subtype Cryptosporidium parvum Tyzzer, 1912. This technique appears to have sufficient stability to recognise multiple types of this parasite. A similar Western-blotting technique has also been used to assess antibody responses to cryptosporidial antigens in human sera. Two systems were developed: one against three antigens of apparent molecular weights 6, 14 and 17 kDa; the second against oocyst wall antigens of apparent molecular weights 57, 69, 75, 89, 128, 151 and 173 kDa. Antibodies to three antigens of apparent molecular weights 6, 14 and 17 kDa were most successful as diagnostic markers in that they were found in >88% of convalescent phase sera from confirmed cryptosporidiosis patients and were uncommon (>7%) in control subjects. Faecal samples from human and animal sporadic cases yielded a wide range of cryptosporidial antigen banding patterns. Samples from patients in a water-borne outbreak in South Devon (England) in 1995 also yielded a wide range of banding patterns including members within individual household family groups. These results are in contrast with those from samples collected from other defined geographical areas, including some from a second water-borne outbreak where much more homogeneous banding patterns were obtained. Sera collected for other purposes from apparently uninfected individuals 9 months after the South Devon 1995 outbreak were examined. Antibodies to the three antigens of molecular weights 6, 14 and 17 kDa were detected in 32-49% of individuals resident in the outbreak water supply area, and in 15-21%) of those resident in an adjacent water supply area. The significance of these findings is discussed in relation to data obtained from epidemiological field studies.