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Start Over Coverage 36-40

1. Empruthotrema quindecima sp. n. (Monogcnea: Monocotylidae) from the nasal fossae of Taeniura lymma (Dasyatididae) from Heron Island and Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia

Creator:
Chisholm, Leslie A. and Whittington, Ian D.
Format:
print
Type:
model:internalpart and TEXT
Subject:
Monogenea, Australia, Taeniura lymma, Dasyatididae, Empruthotrema quindecima sp. п., Merizocotylinae, and Monocotylidae
Language:
English
Description:
Empruthotrema quindecima sp. n. (Monogcnea: Monocotylidae) is described from the nasal fossae of the blue-spotted fantail ray Taeniura lymma (Forsskâl, 1775) collected from the reef flats of Heron Island and Lizard Island located at the southern and northern sections, respectively, of the Great Barrier Reef in Queensland, Australia. Empruthotrema quindecima has 15 marginal loculi on the haptor which distinguishes it from the other five members of the genus which have either 13 or 14 marginal loculi. The generic diagnosis of Empruthotrema Johnston ct Ticgs, 1922 is amended to accommodate the new species, a key to species is provided and the evolution of the different configurations of the haptoral loculi within the genus is discussed.
Rights:
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2. How do microsporidia invade cells?

Creator:
Franzen, Caspar
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Microsporidia, Encephalitozoon, cell invasion, parasitophorous vacuole, phagocytosis, and endocytosis
Language:
English
Description:
Microsporidia are obligate intracellular eukaryotic parasites that utilize a unique mechanism to infect host cells. One of the main characteristics of all microsporidia is that they produce spores containing an extrusion apparatus that consists of a coiled polar tube ending in an anchoring disc at the apical part of the spore. With appropriate conditions inside a suitable host, the polar tube is discharged through the thin anterior end of the spore, thereby penetrating a new host cell for inoculating the infective sporoplasm into the new host cell. This method of invading new host cells is one of the most sophisticated infection mechanisms in biology and ensures that the microsporidia enter the host cell unrecognized and protected from the host defence reactions. Recent studies have shown that microsporidia gain access to host cells by phagocytosis as well. However, after phagocytosis, the special infection mechanism of the microsporidia is used to escape from the maturing phagosomes and to infect the cytoplasm of the cells. Gaining access to cells by endocytosis, and escaping destruction in the phago-/endo-/lysosome by egressing quickly from the phagocytic vacuole to multiply outside the lysosome, is a common phenomenon in biology that has been evolved several times during evolution. How this is put into execution by the microsporidia is an inimitable principle by which an obligate intracellular organism has managed this problem. The extrusion apparatus of the microsporidia has obviously ensured the success of this phylum during evolution, resulting in a group of obligate intracellular organisms, capable of infecting almost any type of host and cell.
Rights:
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4. Pseudorhabdosynochus yucatanensis sp. n. (Monogenea: Diplectanidae) from the gills of the red grouper Epinephelus morio (Pisces: Serranidae) of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico

Creator:
Vidal-Martinez, Victor M., Aguirre-Macedo, Leopoldina, and Mendoza-Franco, Edgar
Format:
print
Type:
model:internalpart and TEXT
Subject:
Monogenea, distribution, prevalence, abundance, red grouper, Yucatan Peninsula, and southeastern Mexico
Language:
English
Description:
Pseudarhahdttsynachus yucatanensis sp. n. (Diplectanidae) is described from the gills of the red grouper, Epinephelus maria (Valenciennes, 1824) (Serranidae), from the coast of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. This new species is characterized by having both the ventral and the dorsal squamodiscs composed of 10-12 rows of rods, with 0-1 innermost row forming a closed circle. Furthermore, the vagina of P. yucatanensis has a non-sclerotized ampulla with a fine, sclerotized duct leading to a sclerot-ized seminal receptacle. Prevalence (percentage of infected fish) and abundance (mean number of worms per examined fish) were estimated for P. yucatanensis from 8 localities along the coast of Yucatan. Prevalence varies from 38% to 100%, while abundance was between 1.2 ± 0.6 and 43.2 ± 17.8 worms per ftsh. The lack of linear relationship between the host length and the number of monogcneans per fish (regression F, = 0.56. p = 0.45) was probably due to the fact that the sample was restricted to juvenile hosts.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public