This review deals with the stress strain analysis of the normal tibio-femoral joint in its basic position (extension). On the basis of the analysis, a contact pressure between a femoral and tibial cartilage and femoral cartilage and meniscus has been obtained. The geometry of bones (tibia and femur) was described by computer tomography and the shape of cartilage and meniscus was created with the aid of literature [1], [3], [16]. The system was loaded by displacement. Following the Ansys analysis, force representing the load within the knee joint area has been determined. and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Possibility of substituting the affected hip joint with endoprothesis is - for many people all over the world - the only way for returning to the normal life without pains and significant motion limitations. But the age limit requiring the application of replacement becomes lower and lower. The endoprothesis applied to young patients must be replaced several times during their lives and the application and repeated replacements affect the bone so that it may happen that the next application may not be possible any more. For such cases the surface replacement the propose of which is to postpone the need of the first application of the classic total endoprothesis, has been invented. So that the objective of the contribution consists in creating a computing model of the healthy hip joint and the hip joint with the classic total hip replacement and with the surface replacement, in carrying out the stress-strain analyses, and in mutually confronting the results obtained. The problem has been solved as a direct task by means of computational modelling, by the method of finite elements in the ANSYS. The computational model consists of these components: sacral, pelvic and femoral bone, muscles, cup, and femoral compponent. and Obsahuje seznam literatury