V tomto příspěvku shrneme současný vývoj v oblasti generace ultrakrátkých pulzů volných elektronů urychlených na vysoké energie, které budou v budoucnu sloužit ke studiu a zobrazování dynamiky elektronických excitací v pevných látkách a nanostrukturách. Za tímto účelem byly vyvinuty dvě optické metody využívající koherentní interakce mezi optickým polem a elektrony ve vakuu., In this contribution we review the recent progress in the field of ultrashort high-energy electron pulse generation for applications in time-resolved imaging of electronic dynamics in bulk solids and nanostructures. For this purpose, two novel experimental techniques have been developed based on the coherent interaction between optical fields and electrons in vacuum., Martin Kozák., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
The majority of matter in our universe exists at high pressures and high temperature, such as found in the deep interior of planets and stars, beyond those experienced the surface of the Earth. Recent development in high pressure techniques enabled simulation of these conditions in laboratoire and thus investigaton of matter at extreme (high pressures and temperatures) conditions. A static compression technique utilizing a diamond anvil-cell (DAC) is today a well-established technique yielding a wealth of information on the behaviour of highle-compressed materials. It soon became clear that matter can adopt complex structures and can exhibit exotic physical properties under pressure. The DAC is a powerful tool, spread across multiple research disciplines from material science searching for novel materials to planetary sciences shedding light on the most remote parts of our planet., Zuzana Konôpková., and Obsahuje seznam literatury