The article describes the establishment and development of Puhoi, a small village in New Zealand known as „Bohemian settlement”, from an anthropological point of view. Puhoi was established in 1863 by settlers who came to New Zealand from Bohemia and who presented themselves as „Bohemians”, however there has been a diversity of opinions on their ethnicity. In this article, we look for the answer to the question of the settlers’ identity and we follow its changes during the process of acculturation in relation to indigenous Maori population as well as during the process of continuing integration into New Zealand’s society. Further, the article examines the surviving tradition together with contemporary marks of distinctiveness and poses a question if Puhoi can still be viewed as unique and different within New Zealand’s culture.
The first Noble Colleges were founded in the 17th and 18th centuries by Jesuits and Piarists as an extension of existing secondary schools with the aim of providing education for the sons of impoverished gentlefolk. In the context of the Counter-Reformation these institutions placed especial emphasis on religious education and the formation of moral and ethical values in their pupils. They were intended chiefly for Catholics of noble birth and Catholic converts who would otherwise have received no education because their parents could not afford it or had died young. After the accession of Marie Theresa and the introduction of new legislation (Articles 74/1715 and 70/1723), the state took charge of these establishments, and with them their scholars, their welfare and their upbringing. Religious education and rote-learning of a narrow curriculum was now supplemented by foreign languages (German, Hungarian and French) and other subjects (calligraphy, arithmetic and geography). In the latter half of the 18th century the Viennese court set up a number of noble academies, including several in Hungary where young Hungarian noblemen could acquire an education commensurate with their social standing. Under Marie Theresa’s system of royal scholarships many poor students from the middle and lower nobility were able to receive an education. During her reign scholarship places in the academies and noble colleges became an instrument of social policy used by senior civil servants as rewards for services rendered, thus ensuring a new generation of public officials indebted and loyal to the Viennese Court., Ingrid Kušniráková., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Pathway of protochlorophyilide (Pchlide) biosynthesis, properties of Pchlide in vitro and in vivo, its in vivo localization, structure, localization and properties of the enzyme NADPH-Pchlide oxidoreductase, and phototransfonnation and dark reduction of Pchlide to chlorophyllide are reviewed.