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1. Comparison of the Galleria baiting technique and a direct extraction method for recovering Steinernema (Nematoda: Rhabditida) infective-stage juveniles from soil

Creator:
Sturhan, Dieter and Mráček, Zdeněk
Format:
print
Type:
model:internalpart and TEXT
Subject:
entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema, baiting, extraction, methods, soil, and Czech Republic
Language:
English
Description:
Forty soil samples from forests and other biotopes in Germany and the Czech Republic were studied for the presence of entomopathogenic nematodes using the Galleria bait method at the same time as a sieving-decanting method for direct extraction of infective-stage juveniles. Five Steinernema species were recovered trom the samples from Germany and four species from the samples from Czechia. All five species were recovered with both methods, but the baiting technique was generally less effective and mixtures of species were frequently undetected. The direct extraction method provided quantitative estimates of infective-stage juvenile density but no information on their infcclivity or on morphological characters of adults, and nematode cultures could not be established.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

2. Criteria for set point estimation in the volume clamp method of blood pressure measurement

Creator:
Peňáz, J.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
blood pressure determination, methods, monitors, and vascular unloading technique
Language:
English
Description:
When blood pressure is measured in the finger using the volume clamp method the value at which the vascular volume is clamped is of crucial importance. Since the discovery of the method, several criteria of finding a correct set point have been elaborated: 1. The volume oscillations reach their maximum amplitude at cuff pressure equalling mean blood pressure. 2. The form of the diastolic portion of volume pulsations changes if the cuff pressure moves around the mean blood pressure. 3. The set point can be positioned at one third of the arterial volume. 4. The dynamic vascular compliance (DVC) may be continuously measured as the instantaneous amplitude of vascular volume oscillations is elicited by a relatively small and rapid vibration of the cuff pressure. The shape of the DVC pulse characteristically depends on the transmural pressure (TP): at negative TP (cuff pressure exceeding the blood pressure) it shows a distinct positive systolic peak, at positive TP the polarity of the DVC pulse is reversed. In contrast to the first three ways to find the set point, the last one may operate even in closed-loop performance, i.e. during the blood pressure measurement.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public