The aim of the present study was to introduce methods for exome sequencing of two ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters ABCC8 and ABCD2 recently suggested to play a putative role in breast cancer progression and prognosis of patients. We performed next generation sequencing targeted at analysis of all exons in ABCC8 and ABCD2 genes and surrounding noncoding sequences in blood DNA samples from 24 patients with breast cancer. The revealed alterations were characterized by in silico tools. We then compared the most frequent functionally relevant polymorphism rs757110 in ABCC8 with clinical data of patients. In total, the study identified 113 genetic alterations (>70 % novel ones) in both genes. Of these alterations, 83 were noncoding, 13 synonymous, 10 frameshifts and 7 were missense alterations. Four in silico programs predicted pathogenicity of two polymorphisms and four newly identified alterations. Rs757110 polymorphism in ABCC8 did not significantly associate with clinical data of the patients. In conclusion, exome sequencing identified several functionally relevant alterations in ABCC8 and ABCD2 genes that may further be used for a larger follow-up study aiming to assess their clinical significance., P. Soucek, V. Hlavac, K. Elsnerova, R. Vaclavikova, R. Kozevnikovova, K. Raus., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Purkinje fibers were the first discovered component of the cardiac conduction system. Origin ally described in sheep in 1839 as pale subendocardial cells, they were found to be present, although with different morphology, in all mammalian and avian hearts. Here we review differences in their appearance and extent in different species, summarize the current state of knowledge of their function, and provide an update on markers for these cells. Special emphasis is given to popular model species and human anatomy., D. Sedmera, R. G. Gourdie., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
In Thailand, Anopheles (Cellia) epiroticus Linton et Harbach (Diptera: Culicidae) is the secondary vector of human malaria along coastal regions. While there are some studies of phenotypic variability and population structure of A. epiroticus, more information on morphological variation would enhance epidemiological understanding of medically important mosquito vectors. This research examined morphological variation at three different distances from coastlines of Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand, using landmark-based geometric morphometrics. Wing shape of A. epiroticus was significantly different in the area 0.2 km away from the sea compared to areas 2 and 4 km away from the sea (p < 0.05). Phenotypic variability in wing shape is associated with distance from the sea. Morphological variations in the area closest to the sea were most pronounced, showing a relationship between A. epiroticus and the ecosystem that affects wing geometry. These results provide important information to understand morphological variation of A. epiroticus in coastal areas., Tanawat Chaiphongpachara and Sedthapong Laojun., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Let H be a finite-dimensional bialgebra. In this paper, we prove that the category LR(H) of Yetter-Drinfeld-Long bimodules, introduced by F.Panaite, F.Van Oystaeyen (2008), is isomorphic to the Yetter-Drinfeld category H⊗H H⊗H YD over the tensor product bialgebra H H∗ as monoidal categories. Moreover if H is a finite-dimensional Hopf algebra with bijective antipode, the isomorphism is braided. Finally, as an application of this category isomorphism, we give two results., Daowei Lu, Shuanhong Wang., and Seznam literatury
This paper highlighs the contribution of Philipp Lenard (Nobel Prize winner 1905) to the understanding of luminescence and reviews his main results in the field. In particular, the experimental spectroscopic technique introduced by Lenard and the properties of the so-called Lenard phosphors are discussed., Ivan Pelant, Jan Valenta., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Krátké zamyšlení nad souvislostí struktury krystalů a jejich vlastnostmi a nad fyzikálními a geometrickými principy difrakce rentgenového záření., The article contains a brief contemplation on the relationship between the structure and properties of crystals and on physical and geometrical principles of X-ray diffraction., Václav Valvoda., and Obsahuje seznam literatury