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Start Over Coverage 295-303

1. Fish-isolated strains of Hartmannella vermiformis Page, 1967: morphology, phylogeny and molecular diagnosis of the species in tissue lesions

Creator:
Dyková, Iva, Pindová, Zuzana, Fiala, Ivan, Dvořáková, Helena, and Macháčková, Blanka
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
amphizoic amoebae, Hartmannella vermiformis, morphology, phylogeny, and in situ hybridisation
Language:
English
Description:
Based on morphological and molecular characterisation, four amoeba strains isolated from organs of freshwater fish were identified as Hartmannella vermiformis Page, 1967. Small subunit rRNA gene sequences of these strains expand the set of corresponding complete and almost complete sequences of this species to twelve. A new species-specific oligonucleotide probe inferred from recently available SSU rRNA gene sequences was designed and successfully tested in tissue lesions produced by one strain of H. vermiformis in experimentally infected fish.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

2. Gastrointestinal non-motor dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease model rats with 6-hydroxydopamine

Creator:
Zhu, J.-X., Feng, X. Y. , Yan, J.-T. , and Zhang, X.-L.
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Parkinson's disease, Gastrointestinal dysfunction, and 6-hydroxydopamine
Language:
English
Description:
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a progressive loss of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra (SN). To further evaluate its pathophysiology, accurate animal models are needed. The current study aims to verify the impact of a 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) bilateral microinjection into the SN on gastrointestinal symptoms in rats and confirm that the 6-OHDA rat model is an appropriate tool to investigate the mechanisms of Parkinsonian GI disorders. Immunohistochemistry, digital X-ray imaging, short-circuit current, FITC-dextran permeability and ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry were used in this study. The results indicated that the dopaminergic neurons in SN and fibres in the striatum were markedly reduced in 6-OHDA rats. The 6-OHDA rats manifested reductions in occupancy in a rotarod test and increases in daily food debris but no difference in body mass or daily consumption. Compared with control rats, faecal pellets and their contents were significantly decreased, whereas gastric emptying and intestinal transport were delayed in 6-OHDA rats. The increased in vivo FITC-dextran permeability and decreased intestinal transepithelial resistance in the model suggest attenuated barrier function in the digestive tract in the PD model. Moreover, inflammatory factors in the plasma showed that pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-8 were significantly increased in 6-OHDA rats. Collectively, these findings indicate that the model is an interesting experimental tool to investigate the mechanisms involved in the progression of gastrointestinal dysfunction in PD.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public