Prague Congress Centre hosted recently more than 460 scientists from 47 countries, which have taken part in third SPiE Europe Symposium on Optics and Optoelectronics (20-23 April 2009). They answered to the invitation, and the most important optical event ever organised in the Czech Republic has been born. The excellent and exciting plenary talks on Hot topics in Optics were followed by successful ten conferences on Metamaterials, Nonlinear optics and Applications, Photon Counting applications, Quantum optics and Quantum Cryptography, Adaptive optics for Laser Systems and Other Applications, Optical Sensors, Damage to VuV, EuV and X-Ray Optics, Photonic Crystal Fibers, Holography. The importance of the Symposium was enhanced by presence of SPiE President Prof. Maria Yzuel.