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| Utilization of busted CFL in developing cheap and efficient segmented compact LED bulbs |
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| N S Andres and R T Ponce |
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| Electrical Engineering Department, Bataan Peninsula State University, 2100, Balanga City Bataan, Philippines |
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| Abstract. |
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| Today’s generation will not survive a day without the help of lighting. |
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| In fact, someone’s productivity, particularly at night, depends on the presence of a good lighting and it seems that it is a daily necessity. |
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| Lighting takes a large part on the consumption of household electrical energy particularly in the Philippines. |
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| There are different type of lighting bulbs used at home can affect the overall lighting consumption. |
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| Nowadays, most commonly and widely used bulb in the household is the Compact Fluorescent Light (CFL). |
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| However, the main problem of CFL is the mercury they contain. |
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| In addition to this is the harmful effect of mercury such as Emission of UV Radiation. |
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| In response to the said problem, this project study gives solution to the problem of the society concerning environment, health and safety as well energy conservation, by developing a segmented compact light-emitting diode (SCLED) bulb from busted CFL that are efficient, economical, and does not contain toxic chemicals. |
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| 1. Introduction |
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| Based on the results of the 2011 Household Energy Consumption Survey (HECS), electricity remains as the most common source of energy used by households particularly in the Philippines. |
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| About 87 percent of 21.0 million households used electricity from March to August 2011. |
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| As of 2016, the demand for electricity in the residential is leading among the different sectors. |
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| It is often grouped depending on its uses that are distributed for heating and cooling, lighting, operating appliances etc [1] |
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| Figure 1. |
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| January-june 2016 philippine power demand |
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| Now that the world is in the age where lighting seems to be a daily necessity, typical homes as shown in figure 1, consume nearly 27 percent of the energy used today: making lighting as the major source of electricity consumption. |
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| Lighting plays a large part on the consumption of household electrical energy; it consumes about 18% of the total generated electricity of total energy consumption in residential sectors as shown in figure 2 [2]. |
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| Figure 2. |
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| Estimated electricity use in residential sector |
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| One of the main factors in lighting energy consumption is the light bulb. |
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| The use of correct and appropriate type of light bulb improves the efficiency of energy usage. |
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| There are three general types of lighting that are widely used in the household nowadays: the (light-emitting diode) LED bulb, (compact fluorescent light) CFL bulb and the incandescent bulb. |
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| But each of them has their perks and perils [3]. |
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| Unfortunately, most of the time, people in the residential end up choosing a lamp based on it is price rather than its efficiency and this cause us to pay for our lighting more than necessary. |
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| Today, CFLs are the most used lighting sources in the household. |
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| Using CFLs will allow people to decrease their energy consumption; also it is a good start to decrease greenhouse emissions. |
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| However, the main problem of CFLs is the mercury they contain. |
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| When products and wastes containing mercury are improperly disposed of, mercury is released into the air, ground or water. |
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| It is persistent in the environment; it never breaks down nor goes away. |
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| In addition to the harmful effects of mercury is that it emits Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation. |
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| This UV radiation interacts with the chemicals on the inside of the bulb to generate light. |
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| The acute and chronic effects are the normal responses of the skin to UVR; acute reactions considered will be erythema (sunburn) and vitamin D production. |
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| Skin aging and skin cancer will be discussed as those reactions produced by prolonged or repeated UVR exposure [4]. |
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| In response to the aforementioned situation where the three types of lights are compared by their efficiency and effectiveness as light sources, the proponents conducted this study. |
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| Since the CFLs are the most commonly used light bulbs in the residential and has a great compatibility to LED in terms of design and materials, the proponents conducted a study about innovating and recycling CFL into a more efficient and environment friendly LED light bulb. |