Dependency Tree

Universal Dependencies - English - GUM

LanguageEnglish
ProjectGUM
Corpus Parttrain

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s-1 Method 2 of 2: Using Grammar
s-2 Name your language.
s-3 This is the most fundamental property in all languages.
s-4 You have many names to choose from.
s-5 You can even use a made up word from your made up language like 'Victory' or 'Great Language'.
s-6 The choice is all yours.
s-7 Start off with the highly frequently used words such as 'and' or 'I' or 'one' or 'the'.
s-8 It is recommend that you use short words since they are commonly used.
s-9 An example would be 'ant' for and or 'es' or even 'loo' for the word 'and'.
s-10 Start thinking about the grammar rules.
s-11 For example if the word Bird is 'Vogelaviatiolap' then why not make the word Birds 'Vogelaviatiolaps' since the suffix 's' is added at the end for most languages at plurals.
s-12 If you want to add complication, you can add genders like most European languages like French and German.
s-13 For example, if you want the word 'horse' to be a boy, you may want 'the horse' to be 'Mat Fereder', but a 'cat' to be a girl, you may want, 'the cat' to be 'Fet Kamaow'.
s-14 Consider basing your language on an existing language.
s-15 For example, in my made up language, 'Vogelaviatiolap' means Bird.
s-16 If you haven't guessed, it comes from the following:
s-17 'Vogel' comes from German, which means bird
s-18 'aviatio' comes from English.
s-19 It's uncompleted though, because the word is part of the term 'aviation'
s-20 'lap' comes from Onomatopoeia.
s-21 It's a completed term, but it is supposed to come from 'Flap!'
s-22 Consider basing some of your words from other words you have invented.
s-23 For example, if you invented the word 'China' as 'Khinssa', 'Drink' as 'Bever', and the word 'Accident' as 'Casnondelibreaten', why not make the word 'tea' as 'Khincasnonbever' or 'Bevernondelibreatekin' or even 'Khinssacasnondelibreatenibever'!
s-24 Get inspiration from existing alphabets and words.
s-25 Why not add some non Latin Characters such as ß?
s-26 You can even make the whole language not based on the Latin Alphabet at all like Chinese!
s-27 You can even take some words of languages, altering them or not.
s-28 You can make the word 'pen' as 'penn' or even 'pen'.
s-29 Using the dictionary can ensure you not missing a single word.
s-30 Keep track of all your
s-31 Remember to write down your creations!
s-32 Use your language.
s-33 Get used to using it yourself, and spread it to others.
s-34 Once you feel confident about your language, experiment and expand:
s-35 Grab a book / novel and translate it to your own language.
s-36 Teach your friends this new language.
s-37 As soon as your friends understand your language, communicate to them with it.
s-38 Be fluent in your own made up language and start spreading this to your friends, family and strangers!
s-39 Write your own poem / novel / story with your own made up language.
s-40 If you're really ambitious, set a goal of helping others become fluent in the language.
s-41 One day, maybe you can make it the official language of a country!
s-42 Tips
s-43 Make sure that it is a language that while speaking, you don't get a literal knot in your tongue!
s-44 Remember you should know how to write it.
s-45 For example we write it from left to right, in Arabic it's right to left, Chinese is in columns, and so on.
s-46 Make sure that you and your friend(s) all follow a systematic language system.
s-47 In other words, make sure that you follow the same guidelines.
s-48 Don't use random letters.
s-49 It should make some sense, so that it will be easier to learn and speak with [Example: Don't use oh as e, hello as llo, and See ya as c yah).
s-50 Make sure you practice saying and spelling out many basic words in your language, English examples: is, who, when, of, why, if, what, where, can, may, etc.
s-51 When starting off, follow closely to a language you like.
s-52 This will make grammar much easier to make.
s-53 You must avoid simply copying the grammar rules, however, as this would technically turn your language into a code.
s-54 Practice your language frequently so that you don't forget it!
s-55 Don't forget punctuation!
s-56 As a shortcut, and for a bit of interesting background, add connotation to various letters, preferably vowels.
s-57 To do this, think of various words that begin with / have a lot of a certain vowel.
s-58 For example: austere, acrimony, ebullient, embolden; in this case, the vowel A might carry with it a negative meaning, whereas E would be positive.
s-59 Then, even if you forget your own words without the help of your dictionary, you could still make a good guess based on the composition of the letters.
s-60 Try not to make your words sound like utter and complete gibberish just add a little extra than our regular English language.
s-61 We don't want a knot in your tongue after speaking to your friends.
s-62 Just put marks over the letters or make up something right on the spot, you might have to take some time on this!
s-63 Basing letters on objects (pictographs) is an easy way to start a writing system.
s-64 Try this with a group of friends.
s-65 It's much more fun when there are other people that can understand your language.
s-66 Email or text your friends the language so that they won't be so confused.
s-67 When making a writing system, take a break about every five minutes and come back to it or all your letters will begin to look identical.
s-68 If you want to make other languages, you can use this language as a model and change some letters or sounds to create a different language.
s-69 This makes your first language a proto-language a language that branches off into a family of languages.

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