The aim of this study project was to prepare our own method of porcine oesophageal manometry. Ten mature experimental pigs entered the study. Conventional water-perfused system was decided for manometry. Porcine resting and relaxed pressures of the lower oesophageal sphincter are fully comparable with healthy human subjects. Evocable swallowing is doable and oesophageal peristalsis is quantifiable. Basic manometric parameters were different in male and female animals. Oesophageal manometry in experimental pigs is feasible. Porcine oesophageal manometry will be usable for preclinical studies in future. and I. Tachecí, V. Radochová, J. Květina, S. Rejchrt, M. Kopáčová, J. Bureš
UNLABELLED: Aim of our study was to evaluate the importance of atopy patch testing with aeroallergens as a diagnostic method in patients suffering from atopic dermatitis. METHOD: The complet dermatological and allergological examinations were performed in 29 patients; 10 men, 19 women with the average age of 27.8 years, min. 17, max. 57 years; with the median SCORAD 24.2 points, s.d. 13.3 points. Wormwood, grass, dog dander, cat dander, dermatophagoides pharinae, dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and birch pollen were examined in diagnostic procedures. Skin prick tests, specific IgE were examined; the atopy patch tests were performed with aeroallergens for skin prick tests in concentration 1 x skin prick tests. RESULTS: Specific IgE and skin prick tests to one or more tested aeroallergens were positive altogether in 27 patients; atopy patch tests were positive only in one of these patients. CONCLUSION: For atopy patch testing with aeroallergens the concentration of 1 x skin prick tests is low to confirme the eczematic reaction in patients suffering from allergy to inhallant allergens. and J. Celakovská, K. Ettlerová, K. Ettler, J. Vanecková
Cíl studie: Sledovat vliv opakovaných krevních odběrů a diety obohacené o železo na kostní metabolismus u samců potkanů kmene Wistar. Typ studie: Základní výzkum. Název a sídlo pracoviště: Vivárium a radioizotopové laboratoře, LF UK Hradec Králové, Ústav klinické biochemie a diagnostiky, Fakultní nemocnice Hradec Králové. Materiál a metody: Potkani byli po dobu 8 týdnů krmeni standardní laboratorní dietou (SLD, 27 mg Fe/kg diety) nebo dietou obohacenou o železo (FE, 400 mg Fe/kg diety). Týdně byl proveden odběr (w) 0,5 ml krve/100 g tělesné hmotnosti, celkem 8krát. Skupiny: 1. kontrolní skupina SLD; 2. kontrolní skupina FE; 3. SLD-w; 4. FE-w. V krvi byl stanoven krevní obraz, respiratorní vzplanutí (RB), v séru koncentrace prohepcidinu a železa, v játrech koncentrace železa. Z kostních ukazatelů jsme stanovili: osteokalcin (OC), N-terminální propeptid prokolagenu typu I (PINP), C-terminální telopeptid kolagenu typu I (CTx) a tartát-rezistentní kyselou fosfatázu (TRACP). Byla změřena kostní minerální hustota (BMD). Výsledky: U skupin s krevními odběry bylo vyšší spontánní RB a železo v séru, naopak došlo k poklesu sérového prohepcidinu, hemoglobinu i železa v játrech ve srovnání s SLD a FE, u FE-w bylo také vyšší stimulované RB. Hodnoty PINP (p < 0,05), CTx (p < 0,05) a TRAP (p < 0,05) vzrostly u SLD-w ve 3. týdnu a u FE-w v 1. týdnu, hodnoty OC (p < 0,05) vzrostly pouze u FE-w v 1. týdnu, poté všechny hodnoty poklesly na hodnoty SLD a FE. BMD vzrostla po odběrech v bederní a ocasní oblasti (p < 0,01). Závěr: Opakované krevní odběry a dieta obohacená o železo vedly k vyšší reaktivitě buněk makrofágového systému, k vyšší aktivitě osteoklastů, ke stimulaci osteoblastů s následným pozitivním vlivem na kvalitu kostní tkáně. Klíčová slova: odběr krve, železo, osteokalcin, N-terminální propeptid prokolagenu typu I, C-terminální telopeptid kolagenu typu I., Objective: We studied the infl uence of repeated blood withdrawals and iron enriched diet on biochemical markers of bone metabolism in male Wistar rats. Design: Basic research. Settings: Radioisotope Laboratories and Vivarium, Charles University, Medical Faculty, Hradec Kralove, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital, Hradec Kralove. Material and Methods: Rats were fed for 8 weeks with standard laboratory diet (SLD, 27mg Fe/kg diet) or iron enriched diet (FE, 400 mg Fe/kg diet) and had blood withdrawals (w) 0.5 ml/100 g body weight, 8 times. Animals were divided into 4 groups: 1. Control group SLD; 2. Control group FE; 3. SLD-w; 4. FE-w. The following items were assessed in blood; haemoglobin concentration and respiratory burst (RB), iron stores in liver tissue. In serum were evaluated prohepcidin, iron and bone metabolism markers: osteocalcin (OC), N-terminal propeptid of procollagen I (PINP), C-terminal telopeptide of collagen I (CTx) and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP). Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured. Results: Spontaneous RB and iron in serum increased in animals with repeated blood withdrawals, but serum prohepcidin, haemoglobin concentration and iron in liver decreased vs. SLD and FE, but in FE-w animals increased stimulated RB, too. Values of PINP (p < 0.05), CTx (p < 0.05) and TRAP (p < 0.05) increased by SLD-w in 1st week and by FE-w in 3rd week, values of OC (p < 0.05) increased only by FE-w, but then all these values decreased to values of SLD and FE. BMD increased by blood withdrawals in femur (p < 0.01) and lumbar part (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Repeated blood withdrawals and iron enriched diet contributed to stimulation reactivity of scavenger cells, elevation activity of osteoclast, stimulation of osteoblast with subsequent positive effect on quality of bone tissue. Key words: blood withdrawal, iron, osteocalcin, N-terminal propeptide of procollagen I, C-terminal telopeptide of collagen I., Švejkovská K., Doubková K., Živná H., Živný P., Palička V., and Lit.: 19
AIM/BACKGROUND: Pistacia terebinthus is used as a coffee substitute in the East and Southern Anatolia regions of Turkey. It contains unsaturated fatty acids, tocopherols, polyphenols and carotenoids. P. terebinthus has anti-inflammatory and potential antioxidant activity. In this study we evaluated the protective effects of P. terebinthus coffee (PTC) on thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver injury in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were equally randomized into four groups. Chronic liver injury was induced with TAA (100 mg/kg i.p. three times weekly). The first group of rats served as control and received only tap water (G1), and the remaining groups of rats received PTC, p.o (G2); TAA (G3); TAA plus PTC, p.o (G4), respectively. RESULTS: After 8 weeks, PTC intake significantly reduced fibrosis/inflammation scores (p PTC intake reduced transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) concentrations in the liver (p PTC intake. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: PTC intake provided beneficial effects against TAA-induced liver injury in rats. PTC probably suppresses the proinflammatory cytokines through NF-κB signaling pathway. and I. H. Bahcecioglu, M. Ispiroglu, M. Tuzcu, C. Orhan, M. Ulas, U. Demirel, M. Yalniz, I. H. Özercan, N. Ilhan, K. Sahin
Background: There is emerging molecular evidence concerning the modification of miR expression pattern after the treatment with chemopreventive agents. We investigated whether a potential chemopreventive agent called "Procont" deriving from a biological system has a positive effect on the DMBA induced dysregulation of let7 a, miR21 and miR146a miRNAs. Materials and Methods: CBA/CA H2k inbred mice were fed by Procont for 7 days before the intraperitoneal injection of DMBA. After one week of the beginning of Procont diet we analized the let7a, miR21, miR146a gene expression in vital organs of mice. Results: The Procont feeding significantly decreased all of the investigated miRNA expression compared with either the mice on a normal diet in the control group or mice were exposed to DMBA alone. Conclusion: The results indicate that "Procont" diet has a potential chemopreventive effect in mice exposed to DMBA., Mónika Szirmai, Krisztina Juhász, András Bertha, Katalin Gombos, Katalin Gőcze, Ingrid Magda, Péter Révész, István Ember, and Literatura
Primární řasinka je senzorická buněčná organela, která se v klidové fázi buněčného cyklu vyskytuje u většiny lidských buněk, včetně buněk embryonálních, kmenových a buněk stromatu nádoru. Přítomnost primární řasinky na povrchu buňky je přechodná: vyskytuje se v klidové G1 (G0) fázi a na počátku S fáze buněčného cyklu. Bazálním tělískem primární řasinky je mateřská centriola. U většiny nádorových buněk se primární řasinka nevyskytuje. Výjimkou jsou nádory, které jsou závislé na signální dráze Hedgehog a tím i na primární řasince, jako například bazocelulární karcinom kůže či meduloblastom. Primární řasinka je pozorována i u trojitě negativního karcinomu prsu. V primárních řasinkách je přítomna řada receptorů, včetně mechanosenzorů, receptorů pro růstové faktory (EGFR, PDGFR), hormony (somatostatin), biologicky aktivní látky (serotonin) a morfogeny (Hedgehog, Wnt). V primární řasince se vyskytují signální dráhy Hedgehog a Wnt. U těch typů lidských buněk, které mají primární řasinku – tedy u naprosté většiny buněk, se signální dráhy Hedgehog a Wnt vyskytují výlučně právě jen v primární řasince. Cílem tohoto sdělení je přehled biologických funkcí primárních řasinek., The primary cilium is a sensory organelle protruding in the quiescent phase of the cell cycle from the surface of the majority of human cells, including embryonic cells, stem cells and stromal cells of malignant tumors. The presence of primary cilium on the cell surface is transient, limited to the quiescent G1 (G0) phase, as well as the beginning of the S phase of the cell cycle. Primary cilium is formed from the centriole. Most cancer cells do not posses the primary cilium, with some exceptions, such as tumors depending on the Hedgehog pathway -e.g. basal cell carcinoma or medulloblastoma. The primary cilium is present also in cells of triple negative breast carcinoma. Primary cilia are equiped with a variety of receptors, including mechanosensors, receptors for growth factors (EGFR, PDGFR), hormones (somatostatin), biologically active substances (serotonin) and morphogens (Hedgehog, Wnt). Multiple components of Hedgehog and Wnt pathways are localized in the primary cilium. In the human cells possessing the primary cilium (majority of the human cells) Hedgehog and Wnt pathways are located exclusively in primary cilium. The aim of this paper is review of the current knowledge of the biological functions of the primary cilia., Josef Dvořák, Veronika Sitorová, Dimitar Hadži Nikolov, Jaroslav Mokrý, Igor Richter, Stanislav Filip, Aleš Ryška, Jiří Petera, and Lit.: 46
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays an important role in cell-cycle regulation, proliferation, differentiation, and surviving of epithelial tissues. Aberrant overexpression of EGFR can initiate uncontrolled cell proliferation with subsequent formation of epithelial carcinomas. Correlation between EGFR overexpression and increased resistance of tumor tissues to ionizing radiation has been described by many authors. Strategy of tumor radiosensitization by EGFR inhibition seems to have a great potential in the treatment of epithelial cancers. Rationale for EGFR inhibition in combination with ionizing radiaton arises from published results of many radiobiological studies, which describe the role of EGFR in cytoprotective and pro-proliferative reactions of human tumor cells, induced by irradiation. These reactions result in accelerated tumor repopulation, which is subsequently counter-productive to the effect of radiotherapy. Presented article is an overview of EGFR and its function in healthy and tumor tissues; likewise, it describes the relation of EGFR to ionizing radiation; therapeutic approaches to EGFR function modulation in combination with radiotherapy in preclinical and clinical use., Sirák Igor, Hatlová J., Petera J., Vošmík M., Ryška A., Vošmiková H., and Lit.: 147
Sledovali jsme vliv nedostatku železa na nástup jaterní regenerace a respiratorní vzplanutí polymorfonukleárů (RB-PMN). Wistar potkani, samci (M), samice (F) měli jeden krevní odběr v 9. týdnu, skupina samců (M-w) a skupina samic (F-w) měly devět krevních odběrů (jednou týdně). Potkani byli usmrceni v 10. týdnu 18 hodin po částečné hepatektomii (PH), 1 hodinu po aplikaci 3H-thymidinu i. v. V krvi jsme stanovili krevní obraz a respiratorní vzplanutí, v séru hepcidin, estradiol, železo, vazebnou kapacitu pro železo, obsah železa v játrech. Syntéza jaterních DNA byla vyšší u skupin M-w a F-w vs skupiny M a F (p = 0,05). Hepcidin po PH klesá u samců i samic (p = 0,001) a u skupiny F-w (p = 0,05), ale ne u skupiny M-w. Vlivem krevních odběrů bylo zvýšeno spontánní RB (p < 0,05), stimulované RB pouze u samic (p < 0,01). Stimulované RB bylo nižší u samců M-w než u M (p < 0,01). Sérové železo bylo nižší u samců než u samic. Potkani s krevními odběry měli vyšší železo a jeho saturaci než potkani bez odběrů. TIBC klesla po PH (p < 0,001), méně u skupiny M-w (p < 0,05). Jaterní zásoby železa klesly u samců, méně u samic. Samice měly větší jaterní zásoby a snáze je mobilizovaly. Hepcidin nebyl významný při tomto procesu. Předpokládáme, že hepcidin chrání aktivitu PMN u potkanů skupiny M-w., We studied the influence of iron deficiency on initiation of liver regeneration and respiratory burst of PMN (RB). Wistar rats, control males (M) and females (F) had blood withdrawal in 9th week, experimental males (M-w) and females (F-w) had nine blood withdrawals. Rats were sacrificed in 10th week 18 h after 67% hepatectomy (PH), one h after 3H-thymidin application. We determined erythrocyte and leukocyte count, RB, serum hepcidin, estradiol, iron, iron binding capacity (TIBC) and liver iron stores. Liver DNA synthesis in M-w and F-w increased versus M and F (p = 0.05). Hepcidin after PH decreased in M, F (p = 0.001) and F-w (p = 0.05), but not in M-w. Blood withdrawals increased spontaneous RB (p < 0.05), stimulated RB only at females (p < 0.01). Stimulated RB was lower in M-w then in M (p < 0.01). Serum iron was lower in males than in females. Rats with withdrawals had higher iron and iron protein saturation then rats without withdrawals. TIBC decreased after PH (p < 0.001), less at M-w (p < 0.05). Iron stores in liver decreased in M, less in F. Females had higher and easier mobilized liver iron store. Hepcidin was not important at this point. We assumed that hepcidin protects PMN activity at M-w., Helena Živná, Pavel Živný, Doris Vokurková, Vladimír Palička, and Lit.: 29