The bicentennial varia tions of the Earth rotation consist of several oscill ations with most known periods 178.7a (Jose cycle), 210a and 230a (de Vries cycle); they are driven by the solar cycles which affect climatic variations, followed by global environmental changes. These periods are close to the higher harmonics of millennial Hallstatt cycle (2300a), so the proper separation between the indi vidual bicentennial cycles needs time series longer than 2300a. The bicentennial variations of the Universal Time (UT1) in relation to the Terrestrial Time (TT) are investigated using reconstructed time series of the Total Solar Irradiance (TSI) for the last 9300a. A linear regression model of TSI influe nce on the UT1 and the Mean Sea Level (MSL) bicentennial variations are created. The parameters and time series of the bicentennial UT1-TT oscillations for the last 9300a are determined., Cyril Ron, Yavor Chapanov and Jan Vondrák., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
A grant project for the period 2003-2005, supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic, was set up to determine properties of seismic waves and the structure of the uppermost part of the Earth´s crust in the territory of northern Moravia and Silesia. Quarry blasts and mining induced seismic events served as seismic sources. Permanent, temporary and portable seismic stations were used for the monitoring of these seismic events. During the experiments local microearthquakes were also detected and localized. For the complex evaluation of seismic wave features, data of the CELEBRATION 2000 and SUDETES 2003 refraction experiments were incorporated, as well. The velocity-depth dependence of body waves was searched by joint inversions of travel times of Pg/Sg phases. A special feature of the wave trains, generated by quarry blasts, was a pronounced dispersive character of short-period Rayleigh surface waves. These waves enabled us to establish their dispersion curves, on the basis of which the structure of superficial layers was determined down to a depth of several hundreds of meters., Karel Holub, Jaromír Knejzlík, Bohuslav Růžek, Jana Rušajová and Oldřich Novotný., and Obsahuje bibliografii
In this work, the set of procedures to prepare the GPS vector solutions time series (VSTSGPS) to spectrum analyses is presented. This preparation is shared on two stages. In the first stage, the breaks filling was processed. This stage was achieved in two steps. Firstly, the breaks filling was computed on the base of time series of other vectors. Secondly, the breaks filling was computed using the interpolation or extrapolation methods. The next stage of VSTSGPS preparing implicated the time series smoothing to remove the impulse noises. After breaks filling and smoothing the VSTSGPS were tested for admission to further analyses., Daniel Jasiurkowski., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Among the programmes aimed at developing a standard model for properties and state of the Earth’s crystalline crust, those dealing with drilling the Kola (SG-3), Ural (SG-4) and German (KTB) superdeep boreholes yielded the most interesting results. No marked depth dependence of rock volume density and seismic wave velocities was observed in the sections of SG-3 and SG-4. A new result of the investigations is the discovery of strongly anisotropic rocks in the SG-3, SG-4 and KTB sections. In the massifs of the Kola and German superdeep boreholes such rocks constitute the majority of the drilled sections. The presence of the velocity anisotropy as well as the complex structure of the rocks composing crystalline metamorphosed sequences greatly hamper the interpretation of the results obtained from the seismic survey conducted at the surface., Felix F. Gobratsevich., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Adsorption procedure of two cationic surfactants hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMABr) and benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium chloride (BDHDACl) onto two samples of montmorillonite was studied. Infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction proved intercalation of both quaternary cations into the interlayer space of montmorillonite. An aspect of time showed not to be important for the cations adsorption., Zuzana Navrátilová, Petr Wojtowicz, Lenka Vaculíková and Věra Šugárková., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
A combined sorbent was prepared by impregnation of lignite mined in the South Moravian Coalfield, Czech Republic, with chitosan. Sorption performance of the combined sorbent and the untreated lignite was tested for Co(II), Cu(II), and Cd(II) in equilibrium sorption experiments with respect to pH and metal concentration. The amount of metal retained by the sorbent was determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis in the short time irradiation mode with epithermal neutrons. For pH~5, sorption isotherms were determined and fitted using the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The results have been compared with those obtained previously for similar combined sorbent based on naturally oxidized coal mined in the Sokolov Basin, Czech Republic. It has been shown that the effect of chitosan on sorption efficiency of the chitosan-doped coal sorbents strongly depends on solution pH, and type of coal and metal., Martina Havelcová, Jiří Mizera, Vladimír Machovič, Lenka Borecká, Oldřich Přibyl and Ivana Krausová., and Obsahuje bibliografii