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2. EPICEDIUM HONORI & VENERATIONI ... D. NICOLAI FRANCHIMONT, ...

Creator:
Jan František Löw z Erlsfeldu
Publisher:
s.t.n.
Format:
print and [2] ff ; 4°
Type:
model:monograph and TEXT
Subject:
Franchimont z Frankenfeldu, Mikuláš, 1611-1684, století 17., poezie, Praha (Česko), pohřby, smrt, úmrtí, epicedia, lékaři, profesoři, university, rektoři, and 094
Language:
Latin
Description:
Součást díla Anatomia proto-medici, Pragae 1684. Viz popis BCBT40199. and BCBT34776
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

3. Hodnota života z pohledu katolické teologie

Creator:
Lehký, Ondřej
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
hodnota života, svědomí, svoboda, smrt, věčný život, víra, and rozum
Language:
Czech
Description:
Jaká je hodnota lidského života? Článek poukazuje na hodnotu člověka jako Božího obrazu. Zabývá se problematikou posvátnosti lidského života, problém smrti a věčného života, otázkou lidské svobody a svobodného jednání. Chápe svědomí jako podstatný element pro poznání mravní pravdy o světě, mravního zákona vepsaného Bohem. Jedná se o soud rozumu, kterým lidská bytost poznává mravní jakost konkrétního činu. Autor poukazuje na vztah rozumu a víry a poznatelnost Boží pravdy skrze lidský rozum a lidské svědomí. Teprve prostřednictvím této optiky pak lze chápat správně hodnotu lidského života a hodnotu lidských činů. and What is the value of human life? This article points to human value as the value of God's image. It deals with the issue of the sanctity of human life, the problem of the death and the eternal life, the question of human freedom and free agency. Theological view finds out the conscience as an essential element of understanding of the moral truth about the world, a law written by God. This is a judgment of reason throw which the human being recognizes the moral quality of a concrete act. The author points to the relationship between reason and faith and cognizable God's truth through human reason and human conscience. Only through this lens can be understood correctly the value of human life and the value of human acting.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

4. Od teatrality k intimitě?: Emoce a smrt u Martiniců a Schwarzenbergů v období baroka a romantismu

Creator:
Grubhoffer, Václav and Kadeřábek, Josef
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Martinitz (rod), Schwarzenbergové (rod), smrt, umírání, emoce, death, dying, emotions, poslední okamžiky, dobrá smrt, last moments, good death, 8, and 94(437)
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
Between the Baroque and Romanticism attitudes to death and the discursive framework of the emotional experience of dying fundamentally changed among the Catholic high nobility. The ideal baroque death was supposed to take the form of an extreme point at which the dying person confessed their sins through theatrical gestures and utterances. The deathbed ritual explicitly confirmed the denominational and spiritual orientation of the family. In succeeding generations, both aristocrats and commoners were expected to be confirmed in that orientation by a written and iconographic testimony rich in symbols. Romanticism, on the other hand, imbued the process of dying with sentiment, loving care and family cohesion, which among the high nobility brought solace and a peaceful death. Finally, between the Baroque and Romanticism the relative status of private and public experience of the last moments changed. The Baroque "theatrical" deathbed, which was presented with the central figure of the dying individual and the priest, was a public event. Gradually it changed into a more intimate, quiet contemplation with only a few witnesses gathered in the family circle. Moreover, the doctor came to replace the priest as the chief attendant at the dying person’s bedside. What remained unchanged was the anxious determination to conform to expected patterns of behaviour. By trying to fulfil the contemporary ideal of a "good death", the counts of Martinice and the princes of Schwarzenberg tried to affirm their unique position in Bohemian (and European) aristocratic society. Their emotional experience of death was intended to serve as an example to their descendants and form one of the constitutive elements of the family’s collective memory., Václav Grubhoffer, Josef Kadeřábek., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

5. Otrok a pán, archeologie a literatura: hrob Stengade II (F II)

Creator:
Starý, Jiří
Type:
article and TEXT
Subject:
staroseverská literatura, pohřební ritus, vikinská doba, smrt, otroctví, Old Norse literature, burial rite, Viking Age, death, and slavery
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
Hrob F II na dánském pohřebišti Stengade II (Langeland) pochází z doby vikinské. Po odkrytí kamenného závalu byly ve zbytcích pohřební komory nalezeny dvě kostry, jedna z nich s useknutou hlavou a svázanýma nohama. Tradičně bývá hrob vykládán jako doklad společného pohřbu pána s otrokem, který byl před nuceným spolupohřbením zabit. Tento výklad nově zpochybnil Zdeněk Smetánka, který interpretoval kameny, jimiž byl hrob zakryt, a stopy násilí na jednom z pohřbených jako doklady tzv. ‚bázně z mrtvých‘ (crainte des mortes). Autor předkládaného článku tento názor odmítá a s přihlédnutím k dochovaným literárním pramenům přiznává jistou pravděpodobnost tradiční interpretaci. Na závěr zvažuje, nakolik je možno poznat mentální svět společnosti doby vikinské pouze na základě archeologického svědectví. and Inhumation grave F II at the Viking Age burial site of Stengade II (Langeland, Denmark) is usually interpreted as an example of the burial of a man together with his slave. The decapitation and fetters on the body of the slave are taken to indicate the execution of the slave during the burial of the master. This view has recently been challenged by Zdeněk Smetánka, who argues (mostly on the basis of comparative evidence) that the traces of violence on the body are an expression of “crainte des mortes”, i.e. that the mutilated man was not a slave but rather a person suspected of becoming a revenant after his death. The author of the present article, relying mainly on surviving literary evidence, dismisses this theory, and pleads rather for the standard interpretation. The conclusion questions the possibility of understanding the mental world of Viking Age society solely on the basis of archaeological evidence.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/

6. The topic of sickness and death from the perspective of late 18th-century pastoral theology

Creator:
Duda, Zdeněk
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
duchovní péče o nemocné a umírající, nemoc, smrt, 18. století, pastorální teologie, spiritual care of the ill and dying, sickness, death, 18th century, and pastoral theology
Language:
Czech
Description:
The subject of this study is the issue of sickness, death and dying as approached in the first textbooks of pastoral theology. In the Catholic confessional environment of late 18th century Central Europe, pastoral theology was a new discipline that was about to be introduced into university curricula. The aim of this article is to outline and describe the concept of sickness and death with which the first textbooks of the new discipline worked in formulating new content and forms of spiritual care for the sick and dying. These, presented as binding on future spiritual administrators, defined itself against the older tradition and drew inspiration from Jansenist-Enlightenment approaches and thought. We mainly analyse two or three textbooks that were widely used in the Czech environment. They relied on the prescribed and most successful textbook of the Viennese pastoralist Franz Giftschütz, translated into Czech by the Olomouc teacher Václav Stach, and on the Czech scripts of Aegidius (Jiljí) Chládek, a Premonstratensian of Strahov Monastery and Prague university professor. The changes in the content and forms of Catholic preparation for death and of the concepts of illness and death must be understood in the context of the reforms that affected the field of spiritual education at this time, the new view of the person of the Catholic clergyman, and also the changes in religious and moral sentiments and the promotion and dissemination of medical knowledge and concepts also in the non-medical strata of society.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public